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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Metabolic Alterations in Pancreatic Cancer Detected by In Vivo 1H-MR Spectroscopy: Correlation with Normal Pancreas, PET Metabolic Activity, Clinical Stages, and Survival Outcome
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-08-25), p. 1541-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-08-25), p. 1541-
    Abstract: Objective: To compare the metabolites of in vivo 1H- MRS in pancreatic cancer with normal pancreas, and correlate these metabolites with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) metabolic activity, clinical stages, and survival outcomes. Methods: The prospective study included 58 patients (mean age 62.7 ± 12.1 years, range 34–81 years; 36 men, 22 women) with pathological proof of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and all of them received 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/MRI before treatment. The single-voxel MRS with a point-resolved selective spectroscopy sequence was used to measure metabolites (creatine, Glx (glutamine and glutamate), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), and lipid) of pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal parenchyma, respectively. FDG-PET parameters included SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG). Non-parametric tests were used to evaluate the differences of MRS metabolites between pancreatic cancer and those in normal pancreas, and their correlation with PET parameters and clinical stages. The correlation with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was measured using the Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: When compared with normal pancreas, the Glx, NAA, and lipid levels were significantly decreased in pancreatic cancer (all p 〈 0.05). Creatine, Glx, and lipid levels were all inversely correlated with both MTV (rho = −0.405~−0.454) and TLG (rho = −0.331~−0.441). For correlation with clinical stages, lower lipid levels were found in patients with T4 (vs. 〈 T4, p = 0.038) and lower creatine levels were found in N1 (vs. N0, p = 0.019). Regarding survival outcomes, high TNM stage, low creatine, low Glx, and low lipid levels were associated with both poor PFS and OS (all p 〈 0.05). Additionally, creatine remained an independent factor for PFS and OS after adjusting for age, sex, tumor size, stages, and other metabolites levels. Conclusions: Decreased MRS metabolites in pancreatic cancer were associated with poor survival outcome, and may be used as prognostic image biomarkers for these patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091541
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 2
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    Expression, Purification, Crystallization, and X-ray Structural Analysis of CRISPR-Associated Protein Cas6 from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Crystals Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2017-11-10), p. 344-
    Details
    In: Crystals, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2017-11-10), p. 344-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4352
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cryst7110344
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661516-2
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  • 3
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    A Novel Poly-Naphthol Compound ST104P Suppresses Angiogenesis by Attenuating Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Expression in Endothelial Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2014-09-19), p. 16611-16627
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2014-09-19), p. 16611-16627
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916611
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    The Impact of Hepatitis C Virus, Metabolic Disturbance, and Unhealthy Behavior on Chronic Kidney Disease: A Secondary Cross-Sectional Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 6 ( 2022-03-17), p. 3558-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 6 ( 2022-03-17), p. 3558-
    Abstract: Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigates the relationship among HCV, CKD, and understudied confounders, such as unhealthy behaviors and metabolic disturbances. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of a community health promotion program in an HCV endemic area of Taiwan from June to December 2019. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics were performed to investigate the association between CKD and HCV seropositivity. Results: Of 2387 participants who underwent health check-ups, the mean age was 64.1 years old; females predominated (63.2%), and 306 (12.8%) subjects were seropositive for HCV. CKD, defined as a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was associated with unhealthy dietary habits, metabolic syndrome, and HCV. Less frequent exercise, higher waist circumference (WC) and HbA1c all affected risk of CKD; HCV increased risk of CKD by 44% compared to non-HCV (OR 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.98) in the multivariable analysis. In the HCV group, lower eGFR was also significantly associated with the severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (median eGFR was 86.4, 77.1, and 64.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 for individuals with three and five MetS components, respectively). Conclusions: Beyond metabolic disturbance and irregular exercise, HCV seropositivity is independently associated with CKD in a community survey. Healthy lifestyle promotion might protect against renal function decline in HCV; however, the mechanisms underlying the association need further large-scale investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063558
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Uncertainty Analysis of Creep Behavior of Compacted Loess and a Non-Deterministic Predication Method for Post-Construction Settlement of a High-Fill Embankment
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Buildings Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-04-22), p. 1118-
    Details
    In: Buildings, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-04-22), p. 1118-
    Abstract: Property of geotechnical materials has inherent uncertainty due to the complex formation process and inevitable test error. However, existing long-term deformation prediction methods for geotechnical structure such as a filling embankment are deterministic, which ignores the uncertainty of soil property. In this study, the uncertainty of creep behavior of compacted loess was investigated through repetitive creep tests and statistical analysis. Five different loading levels and two loading modes were considered in the tests. The creep test was repeated 45 times for each condition. Through a statistical analysis for the test results, a modified Merchant creep model was established to improve the accuracy of long-term deformation prediction. An empirical transformation equation between staged loading and separated loading mode of the creep test results was also introduced to improve applicability of the method. On this basis, a non-deterministic predication method for post-construction settlement of loess fill embankment was proposed. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the prediction of the post-construction of a 61.5 m loess filling embankment. The measured on-site post-construction settlement value falls within the 95% confidence interval of the predicted range which proves the efficiency and practicability of the proposed non-deterministic predication method. Compared to deterministic methods, the proposed method can describe the predicted deformation in a probabilistic way in the form of contour plot. The proposed method provides a basic approach for the probabilistic design and reliability assessment of filling engineering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-5309
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/buildings13051118
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661539-3
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Experimental Research on the Creep Behavior of the Interface of Compacted Loess and High-Density Polyethylene Geogrid
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Buildings Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-05-22), p. 1353-
    Details
    In: Buildings, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-05-22), p. 1353-
    Abstract: The stability of geogrid-reinforced soil structure is closely related to the interface characteristics between geogrid and soil. However, the creep behavior of the soil–geogrid interface is still unrevealed. In this study, using a modified stress-controlled pullout device, influence of the normal pressure, dry density, and water content on creep behavior of interface of compacted loess and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geogrid is investigated. A three-parameter empirical model and a Merchant element model were established through fitting analysis. Analysis results show that the normal pressure, dry density, and water content have significant effects on the creep shear displacement of the reinforced soil interface. Under the same pullout level, creep displacement of the interface increases with the increase of water content and decreases with the increase of dry density and normal pressure. Both the three-parameter empirical model and Merchant element model can describe the creep characteristics of the reinforced soil interface. The Merchant model is more accurate in the early stage, while the three-parameter empirical model is more suitable for predicting the long-term creep deformation of the interface of compacted loess and geogrid.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-5309
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/buildings13051353
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661539-3
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  • 7
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    Polymer-Based Device Fabrication and Applications Using Direct Laser Writing Technology
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Polymers Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2019-03-22), p. 553-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2019-03-22), p. 553-
    Abstract: Polymer materials exhibit unique properties in the fabrication of optical waveguide devices, electromagnetic devices, and bio-devices. Direct laser writing (DLW) technology is widely used for micro-structure fabrication due to its high processing precision, low cost, and no need for mask exposure. This paper reviews the latest research progresses of polymer-based micro/nano-devices fabricated using the DLW technique as well as their applications. In order to realize various device structures and functions, different manufacture parameters of DLW systems are adopted, which are also investigated in this work. The flexible use of the DLW process in various polymer-based microstructures, including optical, electronic, magnetic, and biomedical devices are reviewed together with their applications. In addition, polymer materials which are developed with unique properties for the use of DLW technology are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym11030553
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 8
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    An Environmentally Friendly Method for Testing Photocatalytic Inactivation of Cyanobacterial Propagation on a Hybrid Ag-TiO2 Photocatalyst under Solar Illumination
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2015-12-11), p. 15819-15833
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2015-12-11), p. 15819-15833
    Abstract: Cyanobacteria were inactivated under sunlight using mixed phase silver (Ag) and deposited titanium dioxide (TiO2) coated on the surface of diatomite (DM) as a hybrid photocatalyst (Ag-TiO2/DM). The endpoints of dose-response experiments were chlorophyll a, photosynthetic efficiency, and flow cytometry measurements. In vitro experiments revealed that axenic cultures of planktonic cyanobacteria lost their photosynthetic activity following photocatalyzed exposure to sunlight for more than 24 h. Nearly 92% of Microcystis aeruginosa cells lost their photosynthetic activity, and their cell morphology was severely damaged within 24 h of the reaction. Preliminary carbon-14 (14CO3−2) results suggest that the complete inactivation of cyanobacteria arises from damage to cell wall components (peroxidation). A small concomitant increase in cell wall disorder and a consequent decrease in cell wall functional groups increase the cell wall fluidity prior to cell lysis. A high dosage of Ag-TiO2/DM during photocatalysis increased the concentration of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) in the Microcystis aeruginosa suspension by up to approximately 260%. However, photocatalytic treatment had a small effect on the disinfection by-product (DBP) precursor, as revealed by only a slight increase in the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121215023
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Effect of Trehalose Supplementation on Autophagy and Cystogenesis in a Mouse Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2018-12-25), p. 42-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2018-12-25), p. 42-
    Abstract: Autophagy impairment has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and could be a new target of treatment. Trehalose is a natural, nonreducing disaccharide that has been shown to enhance autophagy. Therefore, we investigated whether trehalose treatment reduces renal cyst formation in a Pkd1-hypomorphic mouse model. Pkd1 miRNA transgenic (Pkd1 miR Tg) mice and wild-type littermates were given drinking water supplemented with 2% trehalose from postnatal day 35 to postnatal day 91. The control groups received pure water or 2% sucrose for the control of hyperosmolarity. The effect on kidney weights, cystic indices, renal function, cell proliferation, and autophagic activities was determined. We found that Pkd1 miR Tg mice had a significantly lower renal mRNA expression of autophagy-related genes, including atg5, atg12, ulk1, beclin1, and p62, compared with wild-type control mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that cystic lining cells had strong positive staining for the p62 protein, indicating impaired degradation of the protein by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. However, trehalose treatment did not improve reduced autophagy activities, nor did it reduce relative kidney weights, plasma blood urea nitrogen levels, or cystatin C levels in Pkd1 miR Tg mice. Histomorphological analysis revealed no significant differences in the renal cyst index, fibrosis score, or proliferative score among trehalose-, sucrose-, and water-treated groups. Our results demonstrate that adding trehalose to drinking water does not modulate autophagy activities and renal cystogenesis in Pkd1-deficient mice, suggesting that an oral supplement of trehalose may not affect the progression of ADPKD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu11010042
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 10
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    Work Ability and Quality of Life in Patients with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 9 ( 2020-05-09), p. 3310-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 9 ( 2020-05-09), p. 3310-
    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate level of work ability and quality of life (QOL) as well as the relationship between them among patients suffering from work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study design with continuous sampling and a questionnaire were used to obtain the research data. Controlling for personal characteristics, pain, psychological distress, and social support, multiple linear regressions were adopted to explore the relationship between work ability and overall QOL. Further analyses were also made to clarify the relationships between work ability and each domain of QOL. In total, 165 patients with WMSDs were recruited. Compared with general workers, the participants reported a lower level of work ability and overall QOL. Work ability was significantly associated with overall QOL when covariates were controlled. Among the four domains of QOL, work ability was significantly associated with both the physical and psychological domains. The conclusion was that work ability is a definite factor of QOL for patients with WMSDs; the essence of work ability may be beyond economic function or social support. Strategies to help workers with WMSDs enhance their work ability to fit their new or temporary jobs would be beneficial to their QOL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093310
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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