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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Weak Allele of FASCIATED EAR 2 (FEA2) Increases Maize Kernel Row Number (KRN) and Yield in Elite Maize Hybrids
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11-13), p. 1774-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11-13), p. 1774-
    Abstract: Meristems are central to plant growth and development, yet evidence of directly manipulating this control to improve crop yield is scarce. Kernel row number (KRN) is an important agronomic trait that can directly affect maize (Zea mays L.) yield. However, this trait is difficult to select by phenotyping, since it is highly variable in the mixed genetic backgrounds in early selfing generations. This study sought to improve this trait by marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) of a weak allele of FASCIATED EAR 2 that is known to affect inflorescence meristem size, but the effect of which on yield is unclear. All of the four introgressed tropical elite inbreds of different heterotic groups, which are homozygous for the fea2-1328 allele, had 2–5 more KRNs compared to their respective recurrent parents. Furthermore, one hybrid made from crosses between two introgressed parents also had KRN increases that resulted in up to 28% yield increase compared to the original hybrid across multiple yield trials. The novel negative effects of the pericentromeric fea2 and/or its linkage drag effect on plant height, seed weight, and ear length, which could prevent line improvement, were revealed in several genetic backgrounds. Integration of conventional phenotypic selection to overcome these undesirable effects was discussed. This is the first work to demonstrate the possibility to increase yield of maize varieties using a mutation in a meristem size regulator. The crossing, selection strategies, and recombinant lines in this work can be applied to other elite maize hybrids and provide a potentially straightforward, non-transgenic way to improve the yield of an existing variety by 8–28%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10111774
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    COLD-PCR Method for Early Detection of Antiviral Drug-Resistance Mutations in Treatment-Naive Children with Chronic Hepatitis B
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-07-18), p. 491-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-07-18), p. 491-
    Abstract: We investigated Nucleos(t)ide-analogue (NA)-resistance mutations (mt) in 142 treatment-naive children with Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), using a sensitive co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature (COLD)-PCR with Sanger DNA sequencing. An NA resistance-associated mt in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase (RT) was found in 66.2% of the patients, with nonclassical mt contributing the most (64.8%). Significantly higher frequencies of Lamivudine (LMV) and Adefovir dipivoxil (ADF) resistance-associated mt were found in genotypes B and C, respectively (ORLMV/ADF: 1495.000; 95% CI: 89.800–24,889.032; p 〈 0.001). Single-point mt associated to LMV and ADF resistance were detected in 59.9% of the tested children with rtV207M (38.0%) and rtN238T (9.9%) being the most frequent. Multiple-point mt were found only in 8 cases (5.6%): 6 children carried double mt (rtV207M + rtL229V; rtV207M + rtI233V; rtV207I + rtV207M × 2 cases; rtV207M + rtS213T; rtN238A + rtS256G) relating to LMV or/and ADF resistance and 3 children carried triple mt (rtL180M + rtM204I + rtN238T; rtV207M + rtS213T + rtS256G) or quadruple mt (rtL180M + rtM204V + rtV207I/M) for LMV-ADF resistance and Entecavir-reduced susceptibility. Our data indicate that significantly higher frequencies of LMV and ADF-associated mutations were found in treatment-naïve children infected with HBV genotypes B and C, respectively. The developed COLD-PCR method and obtained data may contribute to the development of suitable treatments for children with CHB.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10070491
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Mapping-by-Sequencing via MutMap Identifies a Mutation in ZmCLE7 Underlying Fasciation in a Newly Developed EMS Mutant Population in an Elite Tropical Maize Inbred
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Genes Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2020-03-06), p. 281-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2020-03-06), p. 281-
    Abstract: Induced point mutations are important genetic resources for their ability to create hypo- and hypermorphic alleles that are useful for understanding gene functions and breeding. However, such mutant populations have only been developed for a few temperate maize varieties, mainly B73 and W22, yet no tropical maize inbred lines have been mutagenized and made available to the public to date. We developed a novel Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) induced mutation resource in maize comprising 2050 independent M2 mutant families in the elite tropical maize inbred ML10. By phenotypic screening, we showed that this population is of comparable quality with other mutagenized populations in maize. To illustrate the usefulness of this population for gene discovery, we performed rapid mapping-by-sequencing to clone a fasciated-ear mutant and identify a causal promoter deletion in ZmCLE7 (CLE7). Our mapping procedure does not require crossing to an unrelated parent, thus is suitable for mapping subtle traits and ones affected by heterosis. This first EMS population in tropical maize is expected to be very useful for the maize research community. Also, the EMS mutagenesis and rapid mapping-by-sequencing pipeline described here illustrate the power of performing forward genetics in diverse maize germplasms of choice, which can lead to novel gene discovery due to divergent genetic backgrounds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes11030281
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sero-Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in High-Risk Populations in Vietnam
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 12 ( 2021-06-11), p. 6353-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 12 ( 2021-06-11), p. 6353-
    Abstract: As a response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Vietnam enforced strict quarantine, contact tracing and physical distancing policies resulting in one of the lowest numbers of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity among high-risk populations in Vietnam. A prevalence survey was undertaken within four communities in Vietnam, where at least two COVID-19 cases had been confirmed. Participants were classified according to the location of exposure: household contacts, close contacts, community members, and healthcare workers (HCWs) responsible for treating COVID-19 cases. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were quantified using a commercial assay. A total of 3049 community members and 149 health care workers consented to the study. Among 13 individuals who were seropositive (0.4%), five household contacts (5/27, 18.5%), one close contact (1/53, 1.9%), and seven community members (7/2954, 0.2%) had detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All HCWs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Participants were tested a median of 15.1 (interquartile range from 14.9 to 15.2) weeks after exposure. Our study found a low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in high-risk communities and healthcare workers in communities in Vietnam with known COVID-19 cases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126353
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    A Study of Performance Evaluation for Textile and Garment Enterprises
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Processes Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2022-11-13), p. 2381-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2022-11-13), p. 2381-
    Abstract: Vietnam’s textile and garment enterprises make an important contribution to the country with the second largest export turnover. The existence and development of textile and garment enterprises have a significant influence on the socioeconomic development of Vietnam. Currently, Vietnam’s textile and garment industry is facing difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, along with competition from foreign direct investment (FDI) enterprises. Therefore, it is imperative for managers to assess competitiveness by measuring their past and current performance indicators. This study assesses the performance of Vietnam’s 10 textile and garment enterprises from 2017 to 2020 by combining the DEA–Malmquist productivity index (MPI) and epsilon-based measure (EBM) model. The proposed model considered three inputs (total assets, cost of goods sold, and liabilities) and two outputs (total revenue and gross profit). In addition to showing the best-performing companies from certain aspects during the period (2017–2020), the results show that the EBM method combined with the Malmquist model in the field can be successfully applied. This study is a reference for companies in the textile and garment industry to identify their position to improve their operational efficiency and overcome their weaknesses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr10112381
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    An Update on the Progress of Isolation, Culture, Storage, and Clinical Application of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2020-01-21), p. 708-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2020-01-21), p. 708-
    Abstract: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs), which are known as multipotent cells, are widely used in the treatment of various diseases via their self-renewable, differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties. In-vitro and in-vivo studies have supported the understanding mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of BMSCs therapy in clinical applications. The number of clinical trials in phase I/II is accelerating; however, they are limited in the size of subjects, regulations, and standards for the preparation and transportation and administration of BMSCs, leading to inconsistency in the input and outcome of the therapy. Based on the International Society for Cellular Therapy guidelines, the characterization, isolation, cultivation, differentiation, and applications can be optimized and standardized, which are compliant with good manufacturing practice requirements to produce clinical-grade preparation of BMSCs. This review highlights and updates on the progress of production, as well as provides further challenges in the studies of BMSCs, for the approval of BMSCs widely in clinical application.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030708
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
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    Addition of Mentha arvensis in Infusions of Cleistocalyx operculatus Improves the Hedonic Score and Retains the High Antioxidant and Anti Lipid-Peroxidation Effects
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-02-23), p. 2873-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2023-02-23), p. 2873-
    Abstract: (1) Background: Many human diseases are associated with oxidative stress, which is caused by reactive oxygen species and free radicals generated in living cells. Some biomass extracts derived from various types of plants can act as efficient drugs against pathological disorders related to oxidative stress. Numerous herbal blends have thus been shown to improve health. Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr. and L.M.Perry teas have been considered in that way. Problem: Because of amertume, the taste of C. operculatus avoids or limits a large use of such alleged healthy leaf infusions. (2) Methods: The phytochemistry, oxygen, free radical scavenging activity, and antilipid peroxidation of C. operculatus teas were here studied in vitro. Then different mixes of C. operculatus and Mentha arvensis were infused together and tasted in a hedonic test. The chemical and biological properties of the best mix were then analyzed. (3) Results: The herbal blend of C. operculatus revealed significant scavenging effects on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) with IC50 values of 35.6 µg/mL. Induced by hydroxyl radicals, this beverage could significantly inhibit the lipid peroxidation of mouse brain homogenates. Our results demonstrate that the lipid peroxidation inhibition of dried leaves of C. operculatus might be related to its scavenging effects on oxygen free radicals. This C. operculatus bitter blend was then combined with various amounts of M. arvensis Linn. The taste was evaluated, and further biochemical analyses were conducted on the best 7/3 ratio. They showed that the healthy properties were maintained. (4) Conclusion: The optimized 7/3 ratio of the Cleistocalyx/Mentha mix led to the best results in terms of taste (sensory tests). It is demonstrated that the potential health benefits against oxidative stress remained high as compared with pure C. operculatus infusion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app13052873
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Different Culture Methods on Growth and Survival of the Snout Otter Clam, Lutraria philippinarum, in Bai Tu Long Bay, Vietnam
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Aquaculture Journal Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-02-14), p. 32-42
    Details
    In: Aquaculture Journal, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-02-14), p. 32-42
    Abstract: This is the first study to examine the effect of three different cultivation methods (bottom-tray culture, suspended-tray culture, and beach/bottom culture) on the growth and survival rates of the snout otter clam, Lutraria philippinarum, after 12 months of grow-out cultivation from seed to commercial size. Analyses included weight, survival, shell size, and total fat. Although the results showed limited differences in growth among cultivation methods, survival rates were significantly different among three different culture methods. The bottom-tray cultivation method had the highest survival rate (76.5%), compared with suspended-tray cultivation (31.6%) and beach/bottom cultivation (52.5%). This demonstrates that the most suitable method for commercial snout otter clam farming is cultivation trays placed on the bottom of the substrate. Improving commercial farming of the species will support the development and expansion of aquaculture in Vietnam and elsewhere, while reducing the harvest pressure on wild populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-9496
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/aquacj3010005
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3149645-3
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  • 9
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    Predicting Electrokinetic Coupling and Electrical Conductivity in Fractured Media Using a Fractal Distribution of Tortuous Capillary Fractures
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-05-31), p. 5121-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-05-31), p. 5121-
    Abstract: Electrokinetics methods have attracted increasing interest to characterize hydrogeological processes in geological media, especially in complex hydrosystems such as fractured formations. In this work, we conceptualize fractured media as a bunch of parallel capillary fractures following the fractal size distribution. This conceptualization permits to obtain analytical models for both the electrical conductivity and the electrokinetic coupling in water saturated fractured media. We explore two different approaches to express the electrokinetic coupling. First, we express the streaming potential coupling coefficient as a function of the zeta potential and then we obtain the effective charge density in terms of macroscopic hydraulic and electrokinetic parameters of porous media. We show that when the surface electrical conductivity is negligible, the proposed models reduces to the previously proposed one based on a bundle of cylindrical capillaries. This model opens up a wide range of applications to monitor the water flow in fractured media.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app11115121
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 10
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    Influence of Radical Scavenger on Radiation Synthesis of Graphene Oxide/TiO2 Nanotubes/Ag Nanoparticles Nanocomposites and Their Dye Photodegradation Efficiency
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Water Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-08-02), p. 2799-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-08-02), p. 2799-
    Abstract: Aqueous solutions of graphene oxide (GO), TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized through a facile, single-step radiolytic method at room temperature and ambient pressure. The resulting material, referred to as GO-TNTs-AgNPs (GTA), was investigated for its potential application in the photodegradation of Rhodamine-B (RhB) dye. This synthesis process relies on the interaction of high-energy gamma rays from a 60Co source with the water in the aqueous solutions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irradiation dose and the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution on the combination within the nanocomposite materials. The inefficiency of GTA synthesis experimentally was in agreement with the hydroxyl radical (HO•) scavenger. Then, the irradiated materials were structurally characterized using various spectroscopic methods (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible absorption (UV–Vis)). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies reveal the variable morphology of nanocomposites. GTA samples in water exhibited significantly higher degradation efficiency on Rhodamine B dye under natural sunlight irradiation conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w15152799
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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