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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Clip–Detector Using a Neodymium Magnet to Locate Malignant Tumors during Laparoscopic Surgery
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sensors Vol. 22, No. 14 ( 2022-07-20), p. 5404-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 14 ( 2022-07-20), p. 5404-
    Abstract: During laparoscopic surgery for colorectal or gastric cancers, locating the tumor for excision is difficult owing to it being obscured by mucous membranes. Therefore, a clip can be installed around the tumor, which can be located using a sensor. Most of the clip–detectors developed thus far can only detect tumors in either the colon or stomach and require a wire to connect the clip and detector. This study designs a clip and detector that can locate a tumor in the stomach and colon. The clip contains a neodymium magnet that generates a magnetic field, and the detector includes a Colpitts oscillator that allows magnetic coupling of the clip and detector. After installing the prepared clip at the tumor location, the detector is used to locate the clip. To test the clip and detector, we conducted animal experiments, during which four clips were installed in the colon and stomach of a mini pig. We succeeded in locating the clips within 2.17 and 3.14 s in the stomach and colon, respectively, which were shorter than the detection times reported in previous studies. The demand for laparoscopic surgery and endoscopes is predicted to increase owing to this method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s22145404
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 2
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    Low-Phase-Noise Oscillator Using a High-QL Resonator with Split-Ring Structure and Open-Loaded T-Type Stub for a Tumor-Location-Tracking Sensor
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 11, No. 23 ( 2021-12-06), p. 11550-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 23 ( 2021-12-06), p. 11550-
    Abstract: Sensors in the medical field to detect specific tissues, such as radars, must provide accurate signals from frequency generators. In order to supply an accurate frequency signal, the oscillator must have a low phase noise. Therefore, the resonator used in the oscillator must provide a high QL. Therefore, in this paper, we have proposed a low-phase-noise X-band oscillator that used a resonator with a high value of QL as a sensor for tissue-locating applications. The resonator had a split-ring structure and consisted of an open-loaded, T-type stub with a high-QL; such high-QL levels were enabled by controlling the length of the open-circuit in the T-type stub. This led to the generation of only low-phase noise in the proposed oscillator. Experimental results showed that, at an operating frequency of 10.08 GHz, the output power was 18.66 dBm, the second harmonic suppression was −34.40 dBc, and the phase noise was −138.13 dBc/Hz at an offset of 100 kHz. This proposed oscillator can be used as a sensor to detect the location of tissues during laparoscopic surgery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app112311550
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 3
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    Therapeutic Potential of Sitafloxacin as a New Drug Candidate for Helicobacter Eradication in Korea: An In Vitro Culture-Based Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Antibiotics Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-10-13), p. 1242-
    Details
    In: Antibiotics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-10-13), p. 1242-
    Abstract: Background: Increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection worldwide has driven the search for a new therapeutic candidate. Recently, sitafloxacin, a novel 4-quinolone agent, has emerged as a new therapeutic option for H. pylori eradication, in Japan. However, data on its efficacy for H. pylori eradication in Korea are limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of sitafloxacin as a first-line treatment for patients with Helicobacter infection through gastric tissue culture-based studies. Materials and Methods: We prospectively enrolled treatment-naïve patients with H. pylori infection who visited the Gil Medical Center between March 2015 and March 2018. After obtaining written informed consent from patients, a total of 121 H. pylori strains were collected. We tested the susceptibility of these strains to sitafloxacin, and other antibiotics for Helicobacter eradication, including clarithromycin (CLR), metronidazole (MTZ), amoxicillin (AMX), tetracycline (TET), levofloxacin (LEV), and ciprofloxacin (CIP) using the agar dilution technique. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these antibiotics against H. pylori strains were determined. Results: None of the H. pylori strains obtained were resistant to sitafloxacin (MIC 〉 1, n = 0), while other conventional eradication drugs including CLR, MTZ, AMX, and TET showed 24.8% (n = 30), 30.6% (n = 37), 5.0% (n = 6), and 0.8% (n = 1) resistance, respectively. Compared to the resistance rates of other quinolones (LEV [36.4%, n = 44] and CIP [37.2%, n = 45] ), sitafloxacin showed the best antibiotic performance against Helicobacter strains (0%, n = 0). Furthermore, sitafloxacin also inhibited the growth of 14 H. pylori strains (12.4%), which were resistant to both of clarithromycin, and metronidazole, and 27 strains (22.3%) with multidrug resistance. Conclusions: Sitafloxacin might be a new promising candidate for Helicobacter eradication where antibiotic resistance for Helicobacter is an emerging medical burden, such as in Korea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6382
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101242
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681345-2
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  • 4
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    Syntheses of Silylene-Bridged Thiophene-Fused Cyclopentadienyl ansa-Metallocene Complexes for Preparing High-Performance Supported Catalyst
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2022-03-02), p. 283-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2022-03-02), p. 283-
    Abstract: We synthesized a series of Me2Si-bridged ansa-zirconocene complexes coordinated by thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl and fluorenyl ligands (Me2Si(2-R1-3-R2-4,5-Me2C7S)(2,7-R32C13H6))ZrMe2 (R1 = Me or H, R2 = H or Me, R3 = H, tBu, or Cl) for the subsequent preparation of supported catalysts. We determined that the fluorenyl ligand adopts an η3-binding mode in 9 (R1 = Me, R2 = H, R3 = H) by X-ray crystallography. Further, we synthesized a derivative 15 by substituting the fluorenyl ligand in 9 with a 2-methyl-4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)indenyl ligand, derivatives 20 and 23 by substituting the Me2Si bridge in 12 (R1 = Me, R2 = H, R3 = tBu) and 15 with a tBuO(CH2)6(Me)Si bridge, and the dinuclear congener 26 by connecting two complexes with a –(Me)Si(CH2)6Si(Me)– spacer. The silica-supported catalysts prepared using 12, 20, and 26 demonstrated up to two times higher productivity in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization than that prepared with conventional (THI)ZrCl2 (21–26 vs. 12 kg-PE/g-(supported catalyst)), producing polymers with comparable molecular weight (Mw, 330–370 vs. 300 kDa), at a higher 1-hexene content (1.3 vs. 1.0 mol%) but a lower bulk density of polymer particles (0.35 vs. 0.42 g/mL).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal12030283
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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  • 5
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    Significance of 8-OHdG Expression as a Predictor of Survival in Colorectal Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Cancers Vol. 15, No. 18 ( 2023-09-18), p. 4613-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 18 ( 2023-09-18), p. 4613-
    Abstract: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing worldwide. 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), one of the most prevalent DNA alterations, is known to be upregulated in several carcinomas; however, 8-OHdG has not been used to predict the prognosis of patients with CRC. We aimed to determine 8-OHdG levels in patients with CRC using immunohistochemistry and conducted a survival analysis according to the pathological stage. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) hazard ratios (HRs) of the low 8-OHdG subgroup were 1.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.98, p = 0.04) and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.12–2.28, p = 0.01), respectively. When tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging and 8-OHdG expression were combined, the 5-year EFS and DSS HRs of patients with CRC with low 8-OHdG expression cancer at the same TNM stage (stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ) were 1.51 (95% CI: 1.02–2.22, p = 0.04) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.09–2.48, p = 0.02), respectively, compared to those with high 8-OHdG expression cancer, indicating a poor prognosis. Therefore, low 8-OHdG expression is a significant predictive factor for 5-year EFS and DSS in patients with CRC, and it can serve as an essential biomarker of CRC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184613
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 6
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    Best Helicobacter pylori Eradication Strategy in the Era of Antibiotic Resistance
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Antibiotics Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2020-07-23), p. 436-
    Details
    In: Antibiotics, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2020-07-23), p. 436-
    Abstract: Antibiotic resistance is the major reason for Helicobacter pylori treatment failure, and the increasing frequency of antibiotic resistance is a challenge for clinicians. Resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole is a particular problem. The standard triple therapy (proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin) is no longer appropriate as the first-line treatment in most areas. Recent guidelines for the treatment of H. pylori infection recommend a quadruple regimen (bismuth or non-bismuth) as the first-line therapy. This treatment strategy is effective for areas with high resistance to clarithromycin or metronidazole, but the resistance rate inevitably increases as a result of prolonged therapy with multiple antibiotics. Novel potassium-competitive acid blocker-based therapy may be effective, but the data are limited. Tailored therapy based on antimicrobial susceptibility test results is ideal. This review discussed the current important regimens for H. pylori treatment and the optimum H. pylori eradication strategy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6382
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080436
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681345-2
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  • 7
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    Development of Machine Learning Model to Predict the 5-Year Risk of Starting Biologic Agents in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): K-CDM Network Study
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2020-10-26), p. 3427-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2020-10-26), p. 3427-
    Abstract: Background: The incidence and global burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have steadily increased in the past few decades. Improved methods to stratify risk and predict disease-related outcomes are required for IBD. Aim: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to predict the 5-year risk of starting biologic agents in IBD patients. Method: We applied an ML method to the database of the Korean common data model (K-CDM) network, a data sharing consortium of tertiary centers in Korea, to develop a model to predict the 5-year risk of starting biologic agents in IBD patients. The records analyzed were those of patients diagnosed with IBD between January 2006 and June 2017 at Gil Medical Center (GMC; n = 1299) or present in the K-CDM network (n = 3286). The ML algorithm was developed to predict 5- year risk of starting biologic agents in IBD patients using data from GMC and externally validated with the K-CDM network database. Result: The ML model for prediction of IBD-related outcomes at 5 years after diagnosis yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82–0.92), in an internal validation study carried out at GMC. The model performed consistently across a range of other datasets, including that of the K-CDM network (AUC = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.80–0.85), in an external validation study. Conclusion: The ML-based prediction model can be used to identify IBD-related outcomes in patients at risk, enabling physicians to perform close follow-up based on the patient’s risk level, estimated through the ML algorithm.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113427
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 8
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    Efficacy and Patient Tolerability Profiles of Probiotic Solution with Bisacodyl Versus Conventional Cleansing Solution for Bowel Preparation: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2020-10-13), p. 3286-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2020-10-13), p. 3286-
    Abstract: Although adequate bowel preparation is essential in screening colonoscopy, patient intolerability to bowel cleansing agents is problematic. Recently, a probiotic mixture solution with bisacodyl emerged to improve patient tolerability. We investigated the efficacy, safety, and patient tolerability profiles of probiotics with bisacodyl versus conventional polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution for bowel preparation for screening colonoscopies in healthy patients in this prospective, randomized, case-control study. In total, 385 volunteers were randomly assigned to receive 2 L of water + 200 mL of probiotic solution (case group, n = 195) or 4 L of PEG solution (control group, n = 190). The efficacy of the bowel cleansing was evaluated using the Ottawa scale system, polyp detection rate, and adenoma detection rate, and the patient tolerability profiles were assessed using a questionnaire. The demographics were not significantly different between groups. When the Ottawa score for each bowel segment was stratified into an adequate vs. inadequate level (Ottawa score ≤ 3 vs. 〉 3), there were no statistical differences between groups in each segment of the colon. There were no significant differences in the polyp and adenoma detection rates between groups (38.42% vs. 32.42, p = 0.30; 25.79% vs. 18.97%, p = 0.11). The case group showed significantly fewer events than the control group, especially nausea, vomiting, and abdominal bloating events. Regarding the overall satisfaction grade, the case group reported significantly more “average” scores (95% vs. 44%, p 〈 0.001) and were more willing to use the same agents again (90.26% vs. 61.85%, p 〈 0.001). As patient compliance with bowel preparation agents is associated with an adequate level of bowel cleansing, a probiotic solution with bisacodyl might be a new bowel preparation candidate, especially in patients who show a poor compliance with conventional bowel preparation agents.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103286
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 9
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    The Efficacy, Safety, and Convenience of a New Device for Flushing Intravenous Catheters (Baro Flush™): A Prospective Study
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Medicina Vol. 56, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 393-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 56, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 393-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: An effective flushing technique is essential to reduce intravenous (IV)-related complications and improve patient care. New technology should contribute to such improvements, while reducing costs and increasing care efficiency. This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and convenience of a new flushing technique using a Baro Flush™ controller. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of Baro Flush™ by measuring the infusion flushing volume and pressure in vitro. Afterwards, we prospectively enrolled 3000 patients with flushing and assigned 1500 patients with a new technique for flushing and 1500 with a conventional flushing method, which was performed by 48 registered nurses (RNs) at the Gil Medical Center in June 2018. The efficacy, safety, and convenience of the new flushing method were evaluated though a questionnaire survey. Results: The average flushing pressure was 12.5 ± 0.6 psi (86.18 ± 4.14 kPa) with 1.2 ± 0.2 mL per flush, as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention based on 85 experiments. No IV-catheter-related complications were reported by the RNs during the study. More than 80% of the RNs reported that the new flushing method was easier to learn, improved care efficacy, and was more convenient than conventional flushing. Conclusions: The new flushing method using a Baro Flush™ controller showed improved efficacy, safety, and convenience compared with the conventional flushing method, and no IV-catheter-related complications occurred, including occlusion and inflammation. The new flushing method promises to reduce IV-catheter-related complications and shows improved efficacy, safety, and convenience.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina56080393
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 10
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    A Metal Detector for Clip Location Tracking of Stomach and Colon Cancer during Laparoscopic Surgery
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 12, No. 14 ( 2022-07-21), p. 7330-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 14 ( 2022-07-21), p. 7330-
    Abstract: In laparoscopic surgery for colorectal and gastric cancer, it is difficult to locate the tumor in the cavity for excision. Tumors in the colon or stomach are blocked by mucous membranes; thus, the view from the cavity is obscured. Therefore, to determine the location of the tumor, a marker can be installed around the tumor and the location of the tumor can be found using a sensor. Until now, most of the clip-detectors that have been developed can detect the location of tumors for either colorectal or gastric cancer. The research on the development of a detector that can detect the location of tumors for both colorectal and gastric cancer, is insufficient. Most detectors for tumor location determination are devised using a magnet by connecting a wire to a clip. In this method, the position of the magnet moves along the length of the wire. Therefore, it is difficult for the detector to detect the exact location of the tumor. Based on this method, this study designs a clip maker to determine the location of a tumor and a detector that can detect the clip. The clip and the sensing element are directly connected. The clip is developed using ferrite and coil to generate a magnetic field induced by an eddy current in the metal (clip), and the detector is designed using the Colpitts oscillator to induce a magnetic field. After installing the prepared clip at the tumor location, the detector is used to detect the clip, and accordingly, the location of the tumor can be identified using the detector. To test the performance of the clip and detector, we conducted animal experiments. In the course of the animal experiment, four clips were installed in the colon and stomach, and we succeeded in detecting all the clips. Because the clip-detector is used to locate the tumor during laparoscopic surgery, an endoscope must be used. Therefore, it is predicted that the demand for laparoscopic surgery and endoscopic medical industry will increase because of the clip-detector.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app12147330
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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