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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Role of Mitochondrial Metabolism, AMPK-SIRT Mediated Pathway, LncRNA and MicroRNA in Osteoarthritis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-06-22), p. 1477-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-06-22), p. 1477-
    Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and causes severe joint pain, physical disability, and impaired quality of life. Recently, it was found that mitochondria not only act as a powerhouse of cells that provide energy for cellular metabolism, but are also involved in crucial pathways responsible for maintaining chondrocyte physiology. Therefore, a growing amount of evidence emphasizes that impairment of mitochondrial function is associated with OA pathogenesis; however, the exact mechanism is not well known. Moreover, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)–Sirtuin (SIRT) signaling pathway, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA) are important for regulating the physiological and pathological processes of chondrocytes, indicating that these may be targets for OA treatment. In this review, we first focus on the importance of mitochondria metabolic dysregulation related to OA. Then, we show recent evidence on the AMPK-SIRT mediated pathway associated with OA pathogenesis and potential treatment options. Finally, we discuss current research into the effects of lncRNA and miRNA on OA progression or inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071477
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of Sepsis on the Outcomes of COPD Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2018-10-27), p. 393-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2018-10-27), p. 393-
    Abstract: This study aims to identify the impact of new-onset sepsis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) including the effects on acute exacerbations, pneumonia and mortality. Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, all patients with COPD older than 40 years between 1988 and 2010 were recruited. After propensity score matching, each of the 8774 COPD patients with and without sepsis were identified to have similar characteristics. The primary outcome was severe exacerbations of COPD, with a severe exacerbation being defined as a patient requiring hospital admission or an emergency department visit due to COPD. The secondary outcomes were pneumonia, serious pneumonia, and all-cause mortality. The post-index overall cumulative incidence rates of total acute exacerbations were 11.2/person-years in the sepsis group and 6.2/person-years in the non-sepsis group (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.38–1.40). The sepsis group also had higher risks of severe exacerbations (adjusted HR = 2.05, 95% CI, 2.02–2.08), severe exacerbations requiring hospitalization (adjusted HR = 2.30, 95% CI, 2.24–2.36), and severe exacerbations leading to an emergency room visit (adjusted HR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.87–1.94). Regarding the effect on secondary outcomes, the sepsis group had higher risks of mortality (incidence rate: 23.7/person-years vs. 11.34/person-years, adjusted HR = 2.27, 95% CI, 2.14–2.41), pneumonia (incidence rate: 26.41 per person-days vs. 10.34 per person-days, adjusted HR = 2.70, 95% CI, 2.5–2.91), and serious pneumonia (incidence rate: 5.84 per person-days vs. 1.98 per person-days, adjusted HR = 2.89, 95% CI, 2.5–3.33) compared with the non-sepsis group. Sepsis survivors among patients with COPD had a higher risk of severe exacerbations, pneumonia, serious pneumonia, and mortality compared to patients with COPD without sepsis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110393
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Novel App-Based Portable Spirometer for the Early Detection of COPD
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2021-04-27), p. 785-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2021-04-27), p. 785-
    Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable and treatable. However, many patients remain undiagnosed and untreated due to the underutilization or unavailability of spirometers. Accordingly, we used Spirobank Smart, an app-based spirometer, for facilitating the early detection of COPD in outpatient clinics. This prospective study recruited individuals who were at risk of COPD (i.e., with age of ≥40 years, ≥10 pack-years of smoking, and at least one respiratory symptoms) but had no previous COPD diagnosis. Eligible participants were examined with Spirobank Smart and then underwent confirmatory spirometry (performed using a diagnostic spirometer), regardless of their Spirobank Smart test results. COPD was defined and confirmed using the postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity values of 〈 0.70 as measured by confirmatory spirometry. A total of 767 participants were enrolled and examined using Spirobank Smart; 370 participants (94.3% men, mean age of 60.9 years and mean 42.6 pack-years of smoking) underwent confirmatory spirometry. Confirmatory spirometry identified COPD in 103 participants (27.8%). At the optimal cutoff point of 0.74 that was determined using Spirobank Smart for COPD diagnosis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic was 0.903 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.860–0.947). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that participants who have an FEV1/FVC ratio of 〈 74% that was determined using Spirobank Smart (odds ratio (OR) = 58.58, 95% CI = 27.29–125.75) and old age (OR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.04–10.07 for 60 ≤ age 〈 65; OR = 5.82, 95% CI = 2.22–15.27 for age ≥ 65) had a higher risk of COPD. The Spirobank Smart is a simple and adequate tool for early COPD detection in outpatient clinics. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy based on GOLD guidelines can positively influence respiratory symptoms and quality of life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050785
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Brazilian Green Propolis Extract Synergizes with Protoporphyrin IX-mediated Photodynamic Therapy via Enhancement of Intracellular Accumulation of Protoporphyrin IX and Attenuation of NF-κB and COX-2
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Molecules Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2017-05-04), p. 732-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2017-05-04), p. 732-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050732
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinetic Hydrate Inhibition of Natural Gels in Complex Sediment Environments
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Gels Vol. 8, No. 12 ( 2022-11-22), p. 758-
    Details
    In: Gels, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 12 ( 2022-11-22), p. 758-
    Abstract: Natural gels are emerging as a hotspot of global research for their greenness, environmental-friendliness, and good hydrate inhibition performance. However, previous studies mostly performed experiments for simple pure water systems and the inhibition mechanism in the sediment environment remains unclear. Given this, the inhibition performance of xanthan gum and pectin on hydrate nucleation and growth in sediment environments was evaluated via hydrate formation inhibition tests, and the inhibition internal mechanisms were revealed via a comprehensive analysis integrating various methods. Furthermore, the influences of natural gels on sediment dispersion stability and low-temperature fluid rheology were investigated. Research showed that the sediments of gas hydrate reservoirs in the South China Sea are mainly composed of micro-nano quartz and clay minerals. Xanthan gum and pectin can effectively inhibit the hydrate formation via the joint effects of the binding, disturbing, and interlayer mass transfer suppression processes. Sediments promote hydrate nucleation and yet inhibit hydrate growth. The interaction of sediments with active groups of natural gels weakens the abilities of gels to inhibit hydrate nucleation and reduce hydrate formation. Nonetheless, sediments help gels to slow down hydrate formation. Our comprehensive analysis pointed out that pectin with a concentration of 0.5 wt% can effectively inhibit the hydrate nucleation and growth while improving the dispersion stability and low-temperature rheology of sediment-containing fluids.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2310-2861
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/gels8120758
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813982-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Actin Depolymerization Factor ADF1 Regulated by MYB30 Plays an Important Role in Plant Thermal Adaptation
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2023-03-16), p. 5675-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2023-03-16), p. 5675-
    Abstract: Actin filaments are essential for plant adaptation to high temperatures. However, the molecular mechanisms of actin filaments in plant thermal adaptation remain unclear. Here, we found that the expression of Arabidopsis actin depolymerization factor 1 (AtADF1) was repressed by high temperatures. Compared with wild-type seedlings (WT), the mutation of AtADF1 and the overexpression of AtADF1 led to promoted and inhibited plant growth under high temperature conditions, respectively. Further, high temperatures induced the stability of actin filaments in plants. Compared with WT, Atadf1-1 mutant seedlings showed more stability of actin filaments under normal and high temperature conditions, while the AtADF1 overexpression seedlings showed the opposite results. Additionally, AtMYB30 directly bound to the promoter of AtADF1 at a known AtMYB30 binding site, AACAAAC, and promoted the transcription of AtADF1 under high temperature treatments. Genetic analysis further indicated that AtMYB30 regulated AtADF1 under high temperature treatments. Chinese cabbage ADF1 (BrADF1) was highly homologous with AtADF1. The expression of BrADF1 was inhibited by high temperatures. BrADF1 overexpression inhibited plant growth and reduced the percentage of actin cable and the average length of actin filaments in Arabidopsis, which were similar to those of AtADF1 overexpression seedlings. AtADF1 and BrADF1 also affected the expression of some key heat response genes. In conclusion, our results indicate that ADF1 plays an important role in plant thermal adaptation by blocking the high-temperature-induced stability of actin filaments and is directly regulated by MYB30.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065675
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    NDAT Targets PI3K-Mediated PD-L1 Upregulation to Reduce Proliferation in Gefitinib-Resistant Colorectal Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cells Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2020-08-03), p. 1830-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2020-08-03), p. 1830-
    Abstract: The property of drug-resistance may attenuate clinical therapy in cancer cells, such as chemoresistance to gefitinib in colon cancer cells. In previous studies, overexpression of PD-L1 causes proliferation and metastasis in cancer cells; therefore, the PD-L1 pathway allows tumor cells to exert an adaptive resistance mechanism in vivo. Nano-diamino-tetrac (NDAT) has been shown to enhance the anti-proliferative effect induced by first-line chemotherapy in various types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In this work, we attempted to explore whether NDAT could enhance the anti-proliferative effect of gefitinib in CRC and clarified the mechanism of their interaction. The MTT assay was utilized to detect a reduction in cell proliferation in four primary culture tumor cells treated with gefitinib or NDAT. The gene expression of PD-L1 and other tumor growth-related molecules were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Furthermore, the identification of PI3K and PD-L1 in treated CRC cells were detected by western blotting analysis. PD-L1 presentation in HCT116 xenograft tumors was characterized by specialized immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the hematoxylin and eosin stain (H & E stain). The correlations between the change in PD-L1 expression and tumorigenic characteristics were also analyzed. (3) The PD-L1 was highly expressed in Colo_160224 rather than in the other three primary CRC cells and HCT-116 cells. Moreover, the PD-L1 expression was decreased by gefitinib (1 µM and 10 µM) in two cells (Colo_150624 and 160426), but 10 µM gefitinib stimulated PD-L1 expression in gefitinib-resistant primary CRC Colo_160224 cells. Inactivated PI3K reduced PD-L1 expression and proliferation in CRC Colo_160224 cells. Gefitinib didn’t inhibit PD-L1 expression and PI3K activation in gefitinib-resistant Colo_160224 cells. However, NDAT inhibited PI3K activation as well as PD-L1 accumulation in gefitinib-resistant Colo_160224 cells. The combined treatment of NDAT and gefitinib inhibited pPI3K and PD-L1 expression and cell proliferation. Additionally, NDAT reduced PD-L1 accumulation and tumor growth in the HCT116 (K-RAS mutant) xenograft experiment. (4) Gefitinib might suppress PD-L1 expression but did not inhibit proliferation through PI3K in gefitinib-resistant primary CRC cells. However, NDAT not only down-regulated PD-L1 expression via blocking PI3K activation but also inhibited cell proliferation in gefitinib-resistant CRCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells9081830
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Potential Prognostic Biomarkers of OSBPL Family Genes in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2021-11-03), p. 1601-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2021-11-03), p. 1601-
    Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly fatal malignancy with poor survival outcomes. In addition, oxysterol-binding protein-like (OSBPL) family members are reported to be involved in lipid binding and transport and play critical roles in tumorigenesis. However, relationships between PDAC and OSBPL family members have not comprehensively been elucidated. In this study, we used the Oncomine and GEPIA 2 databases to analyze OSBPL transcription expressions in PDAC. The Kaplan–Meier plotter and TIMER 2.0 were used to assess the relationships between overall survival (OS) and immune-infiltration with OSBPL family members. Co-expression data from cBioPortal were downloaded to assess the correlated pathways with OSBPL gene family members using DAVID. The expressions of OSBPL3, OSBPL8, OSBPL10, and OSBPL11 were found to be highly upregulated in PDAC. Low expressions of OSBPL3, OSBPL8, and OSBPL10 indicated longer OS. The functions of OSBPL family members were mainly associated with several potential signaling pathways in cancer cells, including ATP binding, integrin binding, receptor binding, and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) signaling pathway. The transcription levels of OSBPL gene family members were connected with several immune infiltrates. Collectively, OSBPL family members are influential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of PDAC and have prognostic value, with the promise of precise treatment of PDAC in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111601
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Microstructure and Tensile Properties of AZ61 Alloy Sheets Processed by High-Ratio Extrusion with Subsequent Direct Aging Treatment
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Materials Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2018-05-26), p. 895-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2018-05-26), p. 895-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma11060895
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Role of Autophagy in Osteoarthritic Cartilage
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biomolecules Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1357-
    Details
    In: Biomolecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1357-
    Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common diseases leading to physical disability, with age being the main risk factor, and degeneration of articular cartilage is the main focus for the pathogenesis of OA. Autophagy is a crucial intracellular homeostasis system recycling flawed macromolecules and cellular organelles to sustain the metabolism of cells. Growing evidences have revealed that autophagy is chondroprotective by regulating apoptosis and repairing the function of damaged chondrocytes. Then, OA is related to autophagy depending on different stages and models. In this review, we discuss the character of autophagy in OA and the process of the autophagy pathway, which can be modulated by some drugs, key molecules and non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs). More in-depth investigations of autophagy are needed to find therapeutic targets or diagnostic biomarkers through in vitro and in vivo situations, making autophagy a more effective way for OA treatment in the future. The aim of this review is to introduce the concept of autophagy and make readers realize its impact on OA. The database we searched in is PubMed and we used the keywords listed below to find appropriate article resources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-273X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biom12101357
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2701262-1
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