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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    B-Cell-Epitope-Based Fluorescent Quantum Dot Biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 Enable Highly Sensitive COVID-19 Antibody Detection
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Viruses Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2022-05-12), p. 1031-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2022-05-12), p. 1031-
    Abstract: A new antibody diagnostic assay with more rapid and robust properties is demanded to quantitatively evaluate anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity in a large population. Here, we developed a nanometer-scale fluorescent biosensor system consisting of CdSe-ZnS quantum dots (QDs) coupled with the highly sensitive B-cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 that could remarkably identify the corresponding antibody with a detection limit of 100 pM. Intriguingly, we found that fluorescence quenching of QDs was stimulated more obviously when coupled with peptides than the corresponding proteins, indicating that the energy transfer between QDs and peptides was more effective. Compared to the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the B-cell-epitope-based QD-biosensor could robustly distinguish coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) antibody-positive patients from uninfected individuals with a higher sensitivity (92.3–98.1% positive rates by QD-biosensor vs. 78.3–83.1% positive rates by ELISAs in 207 COVID-19 patients’ sera) in a more rapid (5 min) and labor-saving manner. Taken together, the ‘QD-peptides’ biosensor provided a novel real-time, quantitative, and high-throughput method for clinical diagnosis and home-use tests.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v14051031
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Theoretical and Experimental Study on Cementing Displacement Interface for Highly Deviated Wells
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Energies Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2023-01-08), p. 733-
    Details
    In: Energies, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2023-01-08), p. 733-
    Abstract: An effective drilling fluid removal is necessary to achieve an efficient cementing in oil and gas industry, i.e., it is ideal that all the drilling fluid is displaced by the cement slurry. The displacement efficiency is closely related to the stability and development of the displacing interface between the cementing slurry and drilling fluid. Thus, an effective cementing requires a validated theoretical model to describe the displacing interface to guide cementing applications, especially for highly deviated wells. The current studies suffer from a lack of experimental validation for proposed models. In this study, a theoretical model of cementing interfacial displacement in eccentric annulus is established. An experimental study is conducted to examine effects of well inclination, eccentricity and fluid properties on the stability of displacement interface to verify the theoretical model. The model is found to well describe the interface in the eccentric annulus, and it is applicable to the wellbore annulus with different inclination angles. The results show that: the displacement interface gradually extends (i.e., length is increased) with the increase of well inclination; the cement displacement effect became worse with deviation angle under the same injection and replacement conditions. Increasing the apparent viscosity of cement slurry is beneficial to improve the stability of displacement interface. In highly deviated wells, a certain casing eccentricity can inhibit the penetration of cement slurry in the wide gap of the low side of the annulus, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the displacement interface.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1073
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/en16020733
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2437446-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recent Advances in W-Containing Refractory High-Entropy Alloys—An Overview
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Entropy Vol. 24, No. 11 ( 2022-10-28), p. 1553-
    Details
    In: Entropy, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 11 ( 2022-10-28), p. 1553-
    Abstract: During the past decade, refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEA) have attracted great attention of scientists, engineers and scholars due to their excellent mechanical and functional properties. The W-containing RHEAs are favored by researchers because of their great application potential in aerospace, marine and nuclear equipment and other high-temperature, corrosive and irradiated fields. In this review, more than 150 W-containing RHEAs are summarized and compared. The preparation techniques, microstructure and mechanical properties of the W-containing RHEAs are systematically outlined. In addition, the functional properties of W-containing RHEAs, such as oxidation, corrosion, irradiation and wear resistance have been elaborated and analyzed. Finally, the key issues faced by the development of W-containing RHEAs in terms of design and fabrication techniques, strengthening and deformation mechanisms, and potential functional applications are proposed and discussed. Future directions for the investigation and application of W-containing RHEAs are also suggested. The present work provides useful guidance for the development, processing and application of W-containing RHEAs and the RHEA components.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1099-4300
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/e24111553
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014734-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A PRPD-Based UHF Filtering and Noise Reduction Algorithm for GIS Partial Discharge
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sensors Vol. 23, No. 15 ( 2023-07-28), p. 6763-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 15 ( 2023-07-28), p. 6763-
    Abstract: The online detection of partial discharge (PD) in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is a crucial and powerful tool for maintaining their reliability. However, extracting weak discharge signals from strong disturbances is a significant challenge. The presence of noise can hamper the identification and localization of PD types, making the extraction of pure PD signals the focus of current research. This paper proposes a PRPD-based PD filtering algorithm that analyzes interference using the output information from PRPD and sets threshold parameters for noise reduction processing. This method is mainly used for secondary noise reduction at a later stage, without analyzing the noise source, to achieve effective signal acquisition while retaining the characteristics of the PD signals, thereby improving the system’s sensitivity and the signal’s purity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s23156763
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification and Heterologous Expression of the Kendomycin B Biosynthetic Gene Cluster from Verrucosispora sp. SCSIO 07399
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 19, No. 12 ( 2021-11-26), p. 673-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 12 ( 2021-11-26), p. 673-
    Abstract: Verrucosispora sp. SCSIO 07399, a rare marine-derived actinomycete, produces a set of ansamycin-like polyketides kendomycin B–D (1–3) which possess potent antibacterial activities and moderate tumor cytotoxicity. Structurally, kendomycin B–D contain a unique aliphatic macrocyclic ansa scaffold in which the highly substituted pyran ring is connected to the quinone moiety. In this work, a type I/type III polyketide synthase (PKS) hybrid biosynthetic gene cluster coding for assembly of kendomycin B (kmy), and covering 33 open reading frames, was identified from Verrucosispora sp. SCSIO 07399. The kmy cluster was found to be essential for kendomycin B biosynthesis as verified by gene disruption and heterologous expression. Correspondingly, a biosynthetic pathway was proposed based on bioinformatics, cluster alignments, and previous research. Additionally, the role of type III PKS for generating the precursor unit 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,5-DHBA) was demonstrated by chemical complementation, and type I PKS executed the polyketide chain elongation. The kmy cluster was found to contain a positive regulatory gene kmy4 whose regulatory effect was identified using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). These advances shed important new insights into kendomycin B biosynthesis and help to set the foundation for further research aimed at understanding and exploiting the carbacylic ansa scaffold.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md19120673
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    TFAP2C Knockdown Sensitizes Bladder Cancer Cells to Cisplatin Treatment via Regulation of EGFR and NF-κB
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cancers Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-09-30), p. 4809-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-09-30), p. 4809-
    Abstract: Cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic bladder cancer. Nevertheless, approximately half of patients with BCa are insensitive to cisplatin therapy or develop cisplatin resistance during the treatment process. Therefore, it is especially crucial to investigate ways to enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin. Transcription factor AP-2 gamma (TFAP2C) is involved in cancer development and chemotherapy sensitivity. However, its relationship with chemotherapy has not been studied in BCa. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of TFAP2C in human BCa. Results based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), GTEx (The Genotype-Tissue Expression) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) data showed that TFAP2C expression was upregulated in BCa tissues and that its high expression was associated with poor prognosis. Meanwhile, we demonstrated the overexpression of TFAP2C in BCa clinical specimens. Subsequently, in vitro, we knocked down TFAP2C in BCa cells and found that TFAP2C knockdown further increased cell cycle arrest and apoptosis caused by cisplatin. In addition, the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on BCa cell migration and invasion was enhanced by TFAP2C knockdown. Our data indicated that cisplatin increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation levels, but TFAP2C knockdown suppressed this effect. Finally, in vivo data further validated these findings. Our study showed that TFAP2C knockdown affected the activation levels of EGFR and NF-κB and enhanced the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin in vivo and in vitro. This provides a new direction to improve the efficacy of traditional cisplatin chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194809
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Distribution Characteristics of Aerosol Bacteria in Different Types of Pig Houses
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Animals Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-06-14), p. 1540-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-06-14), p. 1540-
    Abstract: With the development of modern pig raising technology, the increasing density of animals in pig houses leads to the accumulation of microbial aerosols in pig houses. It is an important prerequisite to grasp the characteristics of bacteria in aerosols in different pig houses to solve the problems of air pollution and disease prevention and control in different pig houses. This work investigated the effects of growth stages on bacterial aerosol concentrations and bacterial communities in pig houses. Three traditional types of closed pig houses were studied: farrowing (FAR) houses, weaning (WEA) houses, and fattening (FAT) houses. The Andersen six-stage sampler and high-volume air sampler were used to assess the concentrations and size distribution of airborne bacteria, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to identify the bacterial communities. We found that the airborne bacterial concentration, community richness, and diversity index increased with pig age. We found that Acinetobacter, Erysipelothrix, Streptococcus, Moraxella, and Aerococcus in the microbial aerosols of pig houses have the potential risk of causing disease. These differences lead us to believe that disinfection strategies for pig houses should involve a situational focus on environmental aerosol composition on a case-by-case basis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani12121540
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Catharanthus roseus Receptor-like Kinase 1-like Proteins in Eggplant
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Plants Vol. 12, No. 19 ( 2023-09-25), p. 3379-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 19 ( 2023-09-25), p. 3379-
    Abstract: As an important member of the plant receptor-like kinases, Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) plays vital roles in plant growth and development, as well as biotic and abiotic stress response. Numerous CrRLK1Ls have been identified and analyzed in various plant species, while our knowledge about eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) CrRLK1Ls is still scarce. Utilizing state-of-the-art genomic data, we conducted the first genome-wide identification and analysis of CrRLK1L proteins in eggplant. In this study, 32 CrRLK1L proteins were identified and analyzed in eggplant. A subsequent gene structure and protein domain analysis showed that the identified eggplant CrRLK1Ls possessed typical features of CrRLK1Ls. A subcellular localization prediction demonstrated that these proteins mostly localized on the plasma membrane. A collinearity analysis showed that some eggplant CrRLK1L genes had predicted intraspecies or interspecies evolutionary duplication events. Promoter analysis suggests that eggplant CrRLK1Ls may be involved in plant hormone signaling, host–pathogen interactions, and environmental responses. Based on transcriptomic gene expression analysis, it is indicated that eggplant CrRLK1Ls may be involved in the resistance response of eggplant to Botrytis cinerea. Together, these results will give us a theoretical foundation and guidance for elaborating the biological functions of CrRLK1Ls in eggplant growth, development, and resistance response.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants12193379
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Genetic Polymorphism in RBP4 Is Associated with Coronary Artery Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2014-12-03), p. 22309-22319
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2014-12-03), p. 22309-22319
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222309
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Inconel 718 Filler on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 690 Joint by Ultrasonic Frequency Pulse Assisted TIG Welding
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  Materials Vol. 17, No. 12 ( 2024-06-11), p. 2857-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 12 ( 2024-06-11), p. 2857-
    Abstract: Ultrasonic frequency pulse assisted TIG welding (UFP-TIG) experiments were conducted to join Inconel 690 alloy (IN690) by adding Inconel 718 alloy (IN718) as the filler. The effect of the filler on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and ductility dip cracking (DDC) susceptibility of IN690 joints were investigated. The results show that a variety of precipitates, including MC-type carbide and Laves phases, are formed in the weld zone (WZ), which are uniformly dispersed in the interdendritic region and grain boundaries (GBs). The increase in the thickness of the IN718 filler facilitates the precipitation and growth of Laves phases and MC carbides. However, the formation of Laves phases in the WZ exhibits a lower bonding force with the matrix and deteriorates the tensile strength of IN690 joints. Due to the moderate content of Laves phases in the WZ, the IN690 joint with 1.0 mm filler reaches the maximum tensile strength (627 MPa), which is about 96.5% of that of the base metal (BM). The joint with 1.0 mm filler also achieves the highest elongation (35.4%). In addition, the strain-to-fracture tests indicate that the total length of cracks in the joint with the IN718 filler decreases by 66.49% under a 3.8% strain. As a result, the addition of the IN718 filler significantly improves the mechanical properties and DDC resistance of IN690 joints.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma17122857
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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