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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Facile Fabrication of Graphene Oxide Nanoribbon-Based Nanocomposite Papers with Different Oxidation Degrees and Morphologies for Tunable Fire-Warning Response
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-06-08), p. 1963-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-06-08), p. 1963-
    Abstract: Smart fire-warning sensors based on graphene oxide (GO) nanomaterials, via monitoring their temperature-responsive resistance transition, have attracted considerable interest for several years. However, an important question remains as to whether or not different oxidation degrees of the GO network can produce different impacts on fire-warning responses. In this study, we synthesized three types of GO nanoribbons (GONRs) with different oxidation degrees and morphologies, and thus prepared flame retardant polyethylene glycol (PEG)/GONR/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite papers via a facile, solvent free, and low-temperature evaporation-induced assembly approach. The results showed that the presence of the GONRs in the PEG/MMT promoted the formation of an interconnected nacre-like layered structure, and that appropriate oxidation of the GONRs provided better reinforcing efficiency and lower creep deformation. Furthermore, the different oxidation degrees of the GONRs produced a tunable flame-detection response, and an ideal fire-warning signal in pre-combustion (e.g., 3, 18, and 33 s at 300 °C for the three PEG/GONR/MMT nanocomposite papers), superior to the previous GONR-based fire-warning materials. Clearly, this work provides a novel strategy for the design and development of smart fire-warning sensors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano12121963
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High Expression of PDK4 Could Play a Potentially Protective Role by Attenuating Oxidative Stress after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 3974-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 3974-
    Abstract: Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), a key enzyme on the mitochondrial outer membrane, has been found to decrease activity notably in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It has been demonstrated that PDH is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Hence, in this study, we aimed to determine the cause of the decreased PDH activity and explore the potential role of PDH in EBI. We investigated the expression changes of PDH and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) in vivo and in vitro. Then, we explored the possible effects of PDH and ROS after SAH. The results showed that early overexpression of PDK4 promoted the phosphorylation of PDH, inhibited PDH activity, and may play a protective role after SAH in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we investigated the levels of PDK4 and pyruvate, which accumulated due to decreased PDH activity, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 34 patients with SAH. Statistical analysis revealed that PDK4 and pyruvate expression was elevated in the CSF of SAH patients compared with that of controls, and this high expression correlated with the degree of neurological impairment and long-term outcome. Taken together, the results show that PDK4 has the potential to serve as a new therapeutic target and biomarker for assisting in the diagnosis of SAH severity and prediction of recovery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11143974
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Grid Reconfiguration Method for Off-Grid DOA Estimation
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Electronics Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2019-10-23), p. 1209-
    Details
    In: Electronics, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2019-10-23), p. 1209-
    Abstract: Off-grid algorithms for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation have become attractive because of their advantages in resolution and efficiency over conventional ones. In this paper, we propose a grid reconfiguration direction of arrival (GRDOA) estimation method based on sparse Bayesian learning. Unlike other off-grid methods, the grid points of GRDOA are treated as dynamic parameters. The number and position of the grid points are varied iteratively via a root method and a fission process. Then, the grid gets reconfigured through some criteria. By iteratively updating the reconfigured grid, DOAs are estimated completely. Since GRDOA has fewer grid points, it has better computational efficiency than the previous methods. Moreover, GRDOA can achieve better resolution and relatively higher accuracy. Numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of GRDOA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-9292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/electronics8111209
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662127-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Environmental and Health Impacts of Poverty Alleviation in China: From a Consumption-Based Perspective
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-02-07), p. 1784-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-02-07), p. 1784-
    Abstract: Poverty alleviation, environmental protection, and healthcare are the three biggest challenges for the Sustainable Development Goals. However, they are also inter-linked. Therefore, it is imperative to achieve these goals in a compatible manner at the national level. Given the growing consumption caused by poverty alleviation in China, this paper investigates potential impacts of poverty alleviation on the environment and health based on an input–output approach, air quality estimation model, and health loss assessment. Due to data limitations, the base year was set as 2012. Nevertheless, the scientific value of the paper is that it offers an important supplement for a preliminary estimation on a macro level. We find that poverty alleviation could be a substantial threat to the environment and health from a consumption-based perspective, and this trade-off can be explained by the uneven pollution footprints per capita among different income groups. From a policy perspective, the government should promote green production, green lifestyles, and healthcare when reducing poverty.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su13041784
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 SNPs as Common Genetic Loci and Optimal Early Identification Genetic Markers for COVID-19
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pathogens Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2022-08-22), p. 947-
    Details
    In: Pathogens, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2022-08-22), p. 947-
    Abstract: Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is implicated as a host cell receptor that causes infection in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and its genetic polymorphisms in the ACE2 gene may promote cardiovascular disease and systemic inflammatory injury in COVID-19 patients. Hence, the genetic background may potentially explain the broad interindividual variation in disease susceptibility and/or severity. Methods: Genetic susceptibility to COVID-19 was analyzed by examining single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ACE2 in 246 patients with COVID-19 and 210 normal controls using the TaqMan genotyping assay. Results: We demonstrated that the ACE2 SNPs rs4646142, rs6632677, and rs2074192 were associated with COVID-19 (for all, p  〈  0.05), and the differences in the ACE2 SNPs rs4646142 and rs6632677 were correlated with COVID-19-related systemic inflammatory injury and cardiovascular risk. Specifically, rs4646142 was associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), prealbumin (PAB), apolipoprotein A (APOA), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and acid glycoprotein (AGP) levels. Rs6632677 was also associated with elevated CRP, acid glycoprotein (AGP), and haptoglobin (HPT). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the ACE2 SNPs rs4646142 and rs6632677 may be common genetic loci and optimal early identification genetic markers for COVID-19 with cardiovascular risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-0817
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080947
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2695572-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Temperature on the Fretting Wear Behavior of 2.25Cr-1Mo Tubes against Gr5C12 Rods
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Materials Vol. 13, No. 15 ( 2020-07-31), p. 3388-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 15 ( 2020-07-31), p. 3388-
    Abstract: In the heat exchangers of sodium-cooled fast reactors, sodium flow can cause the tubes to vibrate, resulting in fretting wear damage due to the contact between the tubes (2.25Cr-1Mo steel) and their support plate (Gr5C12 alloy). In this work, the effects of temperature on the fretting wear behavior of a 2.25Cr-1Mo heat transfer tube on a Gr5C12 alloy rod were studied. The results showed that the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear volume increased first and then decreased with the increase in temperature. Moreover, 2.25Cr-1Mo showed great wear performance at high temperatures than at room temperature and 80 °C, because of the antifriction nature of the oxidative layer and the high hardness of the tribological transformed structure layer. As the temperature increased, material transfer and plastic deformation became increasingly obvious, but average wear depth decreased. This provides data support for the practical engineering application of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel at elevated temperatures. Wear mechanisms were found to depend modestly on temperature and largely on normal load. As temperature increases, the wear mechanism gradually changes from abrasive wear to adhesive wear.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma13153388
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Therapeutic Zfra4-10 or WWOX7-21 Peptide Induces Complex Formation of WWOX with Selective Protein Targets in Organs that Leads to Cancer Suppression and Spleen Cytotoxic Memory Z Cell Activation In Vivo
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cancers Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 2189-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 2189-
    Abstract: Synthetic Zfra4-10 and WWOX7-21 peptides strongly suppress cancer growth in vivo. Hypothetically, Zfra4-10 binds to the membrane Hyal-2 of spleen Z cells and activates the Hyal-2/WWOX/SMAD4 signaling for cytotoxic Z cell activation to kill cancer cells. Stimulation of membrane WWOX in the signaling complex by a WWOX epitope peptide, WWOX7-21, is likely to activate the signaling. Here, mice receiving Zfra4-10 or WWOX7-21 peptide alone exhibited an increased binding of endogenous tumor suppressor WWOX with ERK, C1qBP, NF-κB, Iba1, p21, CD133, JNK1, COX2, Oct4, and GFAP in the spleen, brain, and/or lung which led to cancer suppression. However, when in combination, Zfra4-10 and WWOX7-21 reduced the binding of WWOX with target proteins and allowed tumor growth in vivo. In addition to Zfra4-10 and WWOX7-21 peptides, stimulating the membrane Hyal-2/WWOX complex with Hyal-2 antibody and sonicated hyaluronan (HAson) induced Z cell activation for killing cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Zfra4-10 binds to membrane Hyal-2, induces dephosphorylation of WWOX at pY33 and pY61, and drives Z cell activation for the anticancer response. Thus, Zfra4-10 and WWOX7-21 peptides, HAson, and the Hyal-2 antibody are of therapeutic potential for cancer suppression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082189
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effects of a Scenario-Based Spiritual Care Course on Spiritual Care Competence among Clinical Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-12-22), p. 36-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-12-22), p. 36-
    Abstract: Across their lifespans, and in many clinical settings, patients have spiritual care needs. Many nurses lack competence related to providing spiritual care. Popular educational strategies, such as simulated educational programs and objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE), have not been widely adopted in nursing spiritual care education. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a scenario-based spiritual care course on spiritual care competence in nurses. This quasi-experimental study employed a repeated-measures pre-test/post-test design with assessments immediately before, immediately after, and 3 months post-intervention. Nurses providing direct patient care in diverse clinical settings were recruited from a large medical foundation in northern Taiwan. The intervention was a one day scenario-based spiritual care course and OSCE. The experimental group (n = 53) and controls (n = 85) were matched for their similar units, ages, working experience, and clinical ladder status. The Spiritual Care Competence Scale (SCCS), Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS), Spiritual Care Perspective Scale-Revised (SCPS-R), and reflection logs were completed by both experimental and control groups. The Course Satisfaction Scale, OSCE Checklist, and Standardized Patient Feedback Scale (SPFS) were completed by the experimental group only. The experimental group had significantly higher SPS scores and self-evaluated SCCS scores, and lower SCPS-R scores (more positive spiritual perspectives), than controls at 3 months post-intervention. The experimental group showed significant within-subject effects at three time points on SPS scores, SCPS-R scores, and self-evaluated SCCS scores. Mean global performance of OSCE was 3.40 ± 0.91, and SP feedback indicated strengths and areas for improvement. In conclusion, the scenario-based spiritual care course effectively enhanced nurses’ spiritual care competence, competence, and skills. Blended education techniques can therefore enhance nurses’ ability to support patients with spiritual care needs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010036
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fetal Macrophages Exposed to Salmonella Antigens Elicit Protective Immunity Against Overwhelming Salmonella Challenge in A Murine Model
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2021-03-01), p. 245-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2021-03-01), p. 245-
    Abstract: Despite the evidence for fetal immunization following maternal infection, it remained a mystery how the fetal immune system was primed by vertically-transmitted pathogens or microbial antigens, especially before its full maturation. We previously demonstrated the capacity of fetal macrophages for endocytosing oncoprotein and allergens to bridge towards adaptive immunity in postnatal life. To investigate the immunological consequences of fetal contact with microbial antigens and the role of fetal macrophages in the defense against infection before T-cell development, we exposed gestational day 14 murine fetuses and their macrophages to flagellin and heat-killed Salmonella Typhimurium. Recipients with in utero exposure to Salmonella antigens or adoptive transfer of microbial antigen-loaded fetal macrophages were examined for immune responses to Salmonella antigens and resistance to virulent Salmonella challenge. Fetal exposure to microbial antigens or adoptive transfer of microbial antigen-loaded fetal macrophages could confer antigen-specific adaptive immunity. However, protective immunity against lethal Salmonella challenge was only granted to those receiving heat-killed Salmonella antigens, presenting as heightened recall responses of serum anti-lipopolysaccharide immunoglobulins and interferon-gamma. In immunized recipients surviving Salmonella challenge, their serum transfer to succeeding recipients provided immediate protection from lethal Salmonella challenge in preference to lymphocyte transfer, indicating a more active role of humoral immunity in the prevention of Salmonella invasiveness. Our study sheds insight on the role of fetal macrophages in immunogenicity to transplacental pathogens regardless of fetal lymphocyte maturity, paving the way for fetal macrophage therapies to enhance vaccine responsiveness or increase resistance to pathogenic microorganisms in perinatal life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030245
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    2-(2-Phenylethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one Derivatives from the Resinous Wood of Aquilaria sinensis with Anti-Inflammatory Effects in LPS-Induced Macrophages
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Molecules Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2018-01-30), p. 289-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2018-01-30), p. 289-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020289
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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