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  • MDPI AG  (523)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Analysis for the Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms: A Review
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Microorganisms Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2021-07-19), p. 1536-
    Details
    In: Microorganisms, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2021-07-19), p. 1536-
    Kurzfassung: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been used in the field of clinical microbiology since 2010. Compared with the traditional technique of biochemical identification, MALDI-TOF MS has many advantages, including convenience, speed, accuracy, and low cost. The accuracy and speed of identification using MALDI-TOF MS have been increasing with the development of sample preparation, database enrichment, and algorithm optimization. MALDI-TOF MS has shown promising results in identifying cultured colonies and rapidly detecting samples. MALDI-TOF MS has critical research applications for the rapid detection of highly virulent and drug-resistant pathogens. Here we present a scientific review that evaluates the performance of MALDI-TOF MS in identifying clinical pathogenic microorganisms. MALDI-TOF MS is a promising tool in identifying clinical microorganisms, although some aspects still require improvement.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2076-2607
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071536
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2720891-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Laboratory Research and Evaluation on Design and Application Performance of High-Performance Cold-Mix Resin
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 17 ( 2021-08-25), p. 4828-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 17 ( 2021-08-25), p. 4828-
    Kurzfassung: To improve the safety of orthotropic steel bridge decks and the construction efficiency of bridge deck pavement by enhancing the performance of pavement materials, a new-generation, high-performance cold-mix resin was prepared by carrying out the combination of micro-characteristic analysis and performance test. Meanwhile, the pavement performance and fatigue performance of high-performance cold-mix resin mixtures and hot-mix epoxy saphalt mixtures as a control group were studied experimentally. The results show that different kinds of epoxy resins show bisphenol structure in essence. The curing exothermic peak temperature of the cold-mix resin increases with the heating rate. Both the specific heat capacity (△CP) of cold-mix resin and cold-mix resin asphalts exhibit a sudden change between −20 °C and 40 °C. In resin asphalt mixtures, cold-mix resin forms the network structure skeleton whereas the asphalt distributed in the form of tiny particles. The dosage of respective component has a significant effect on the tensile strength and elongation at break of cold-mix resin. Compared with hot-mix epoxy asphalt mixtures, cold-mix resin mixtures exhibit comparable water stability and high and low-temperature performance, as well as greater fatigue life.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14174828
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2487261-1
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Diagnostic Potential of Differentially Expressed Homer1, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Coronary Artery Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2014-12-29), p. 535-546
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2014-12-29), p. 535-546
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010535
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2014
    ZDB Id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Conjugated Mass Transfer of CO2 Absorption through Concentric Circular Gas–Liquid Membrane Contactors
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Processes Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2021-09-03), p. 1580-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2021-09-03), p. 1580-
    Kurzfassung: A new design of gas absorption that winds the permeable membrane onto an inner concentric tube to conduct a concentric circular gas–liquid membrane module has been studied theoretically in the fully developed region. An analytical formulation, referred to as conjugated Graetz problems, is developed to predict the concentration distribution and Sherwood numbers for the absorbent fluid flowing in the shell side and CO2/N2 gas mixture flowing in the tube side under various designs and operating parameters. The analytical solutions to the CO2 absorption efficiency were developed by using a two-dimensional mathematical modeling, and the resultant conjugated partial differential equations were solved analytically using the method of separation variables and eigen-function expansion in terms of power series. The predictions of CO2 absorption rate by using Monoethanolamide (MEA) solution in concentric circular membrane contactors under both concurrent- and countercurrent-flow operations are developed theoretically and confirmed with the experimental results. Consistency in both a good qualitative and quantitative sense is achieved between the theoretical predictions and experimental results. The advantage of the present mathematical treatment provides a concise expression for the chemical absorption of CO2 by MEA solution to calculate the absorption rate, absorption efficiency, and average Sherwood number. The concentration profiles with the mass-transfer Graetz number, inlet CO2 concentration, and both gas feed and absorbent flow rates are also emphasized. Both theoretical predictions and experimental results show that the device performance of the countercurrent-flow operation is better than that of the concurrent-flow device operation. The availability of such simplified expressions of the absorption rate and averaged Sherwood as developed directly from the analytical solutions is the value of the present study.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr9091580
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2720994-5
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-Based Cell Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology to Reveal the Mechanism of N-Benzylhexadecanamide Isolated from Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) against Testicular Dysfunction
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Molecules Vol. 28, No. 10 ( 2023-05-12), p. 4064-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 28, No. 10 ( 2023-05-12), p. 4064-
    Kurzfassung: Testicular dysfunction (TDF) is characterized by testosterone deficiency and is caused by oxidative stress injury in Leydig cells. A natural fatty amide named N-benzylhexadecanamide (NBH), derived from cruciferous maca, has been shown to promote testosterone production. Our study aims to reveal the anti-TDF effect of NBH and explore its potential mechanism in vitro. This study examined the effects of H2O2 on cell viability and testosterone levels in mouse Leydig cells (TM3) under oxidative stress. In addition, cell metabolomics analysis based on UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS showed that NBH was mainly involved in arginine biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, the TCA cycle and other metabolic pathways by affecting 23 differential metabolites, including arginine and phenylalanine. Furthermore, we also performed network pharmacological analysis to observe the key protein targets in NBH treatment. The results showed that its role was to up-regulate ALOX5, down-regulate CYP1A2, and play a role in promoting testicular activity by participating in the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway. In summary, our study not only provides new insights into the biochemical mechanisms of natural compounds in the treatment of TDF, but also provides a research strategy that integrates cell metabolomics and network pharmacology in order to promote the screening of new drugs for the treatment of TDF.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104064
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2008644-1
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Physical/Chemical Properties and Resorption Behavior of a Newly Developed Ca/P/S-Based Bone Substitute Material
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Materials Vol. 13, No. 16 ( 2020-08-05), p. 3458-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 16 ( 2020-08-05), p. 3458-
    Kurzfassung: Properly regulating the resorption rate of a resorbable bone implant has long been a great challenge. This study investigates a series of physical/chemical properties, biocompatibility and the behavior of implant resorption and new bone formation of a newly developed Ca/P/S-based bone substitute material (Ezechbone® Granule CBS-400). Experimental results show that CBS-400 is comprised majorly of HA and CSD, with a Ca/P/S atomic ratio of 54.6/39.2/6.2. After immersion in Hank’s solution for 7 days, the overall morphology, shape and integrity of CBS-400 granules remain similar to that of non-immersed samples without showing apparent collapse or disintegration. With immersion time, the pH value continues to increase to 6.55 after 7 days, and 7.08 after 14 days. Cytotoxicity, intracutaneous reactivity and skin sensitization tests demonstrate the good biocompatibility features of CBS-400. Rabbit implantation/histological observations indicate that the implanted granules are intimately bonded to the surrounding new bone at all times. The implant is not merely a degradable bone substitute, but its resorption and the formation of new cancellous bone proceed at the substantially same pace. After implantation for 12 weeks, about 85% of the implant has been resorbed. The newly-formed cancellous bone ratio quickly increases to 〉 40% at 4 weeks, followed by a bone remodeling process toward normal cancellous bone, wherein the new cancellous bone ratio gradually tapers down to about 30% after 12 weeks.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma13163458
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2487261-1
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Isolation and Biological Evaluation of Alfa-Mangostin as Potential Therapeutic Agents against Liver Fibrosis
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Bioengineering Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2023-09-11), p. 1075-
    Details
    In: Bioengineering, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2023-09-11), p. 1075-
    Kurzfassung: The increased proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are associated with liver fibrosis development. To date, there are no FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of liver cirrhosis. Augmentation of HSCs apoptosis is one of the resolutions for liver fibrosis. In this study, we extracted α-mangostin (1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-one) from the fruit waste components of mangosteen pericarp. The isolated α-mangostin structure was determined and characterized with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and compared with those known compounds. The intracellular signaling pathway activities of α-mangostin on Transforming growth factors-beta 1 (TGF-β1) or Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (PDGF-BB) induced HSCs activation and were analyzed via Western blot and Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (Q-PCR). α-Mangostin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in HSCs were measured by seahorse assay and caspase-dependent cleavage. The in vivo anti-fibrotic effect of α-mangostin was assessed by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) treatment mouse model. The data showed that α-mangostin treatment inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in HSCs in a dose-dependent manner. Regarding the PDGF-BB-induced HSCs proliferation signaling pathways, α-mangostin pretreatment suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38. The activation of caspase-dependent apoptosis and dysfunction of mitochondrial respiration (such as oxygen consumption rate, ATP production, and maximal respiratory capacity) were observed in α-mangostin-treated HSCs. The CCl4-induced liver fibrosis mouse model showed that the administration of α-mangostin significantly decreased the expression of the fibrosis markers (α-SMA, collagen-a2 (col1a2), desmin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)) as well as attenuated hepatic collagen deposition and liver damage. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that α-mangostin attenuates the progression of liver fibrosis through inhibiting the proliferation of HSCs and triggering apoptosis signals. Thus, α-mangostin may be used as a potential novel therapeutic agent against liver fibrosis.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2306-5354
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091075
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2746191-9
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Screening of the Active Compounds against Neural Oxidative Damage from Ginseng Phloem Using UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS Coupled with the Content-Effect Weighted Method
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 24 ( 2022-12-19), p. 9061-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 24 ( 2022-12-19), p. 9061-
    Kurzfassung: The neuroprotective properties of ginsenosides have been found to reverse the neurological damage caused by oxidation in many neurodegenerative diseases. However, the distribution of ginsenosides in different tissues of the main root, which was regarded as the primary medicinal portion in clinical practice was different, the specific parts and specific components against neural oxidative damage were not clear. The present study aims to screen and determine the potential compounds in different parts of the main root in ginseng. Comparison of the protective effects in the main root, phloem and xylem of ginseng on hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death of SH-SY5Y neurons was investigated. UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS was used to quickly and comprehensively characterize the chemical compositions of the active parts. Network pharmacology combined with a molecular docking approach was employed to virtually screen for disease-related targets and potential active compounds. By comparing the changes before and after Content-Effect weighting, the compounds with stronger anti-nerve oxidative damage activity were screened out more accurately. Finally, the activity of the selected monomer components was verified. The results suggested that the phloem of ginseng was the most effective part. There were 19 effective compounds and 14 core targets, and enriched signaling pathway and biological functions were predicted. After Content-Effect weighting, compounds Ginsenosides F1, Ginsenosides Rf, Ginsenosides Rg1 and Ginsenosides Rd were screened out as potential active compounds against neural oxidative damage. The activity verification study indicated that all four predicted ginsenosides were effective in protecting SH-SY5Y cells from oxidative injury. The four compounds can be further investigated as potential lead compounds for neurodegenerative diseases. This also provides a combined virtual and practical method for the simple and rapid screening of active ingredients in natural products.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249061
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2008644-1
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Open-Ring Butenolides from a Marine-Derived Anti-Neuroinflammatory Fungus Aspergillus terreus Y10
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 16, No. 11 ( 2018-11-02), p. 428-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 11 ( 2018-11-02), p. 428-
    Kurzfassung: To investigate structurally novel and anti-neuroinflammatory natural compounds from marine-derived microorganisms, the secondary metabolites of Aspergillus terreus Y10, a fungus separated from the sediment of the coast in the South China Sea, were studied. Three new compounds (2–4), with novel open-ring butenolide skeletons, were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture medium. In addition, a typical new butenolide, asperteretal F (1), was found to dose-dependently inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) generation with an IC50 of 7.6 μg/mL. The present study shows the existence of open-ring butenolides, and suggests that butenolides such as asperteretal F (1) are a promising new anti-neuroinflammatroy candidate for neurodegenerative diseases.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md16110428
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Exploration of Clove Bud (Syzygium aromaticum) Essential Oil as a Novel Attractant against Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Its Safety Evaluation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Insects Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2022-10-09), p. 918-
    Details
    In: Insects, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2022-10-09), p. 918-
    Kurzfassung: The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a destructive polyphagous species that targets many economically important fruits and vegetables. The primary control of B. dorsalis relies mainly on the use of synthetic chemicals, and excessive use of these chemicals has adverse effects on both the environment and human health. Environmentally friendly management of pests involving plant essential oils is useful for controlling the populations of pests responsible for decreasing the yields and quality of crops. In the present study, we demonstrate that clove bud essential oil (CBEO) is strongly attractive to sexually mature males. Mature males responded to the CBEO differently throughout the day; the strongest response was elicited during the day and decreased at dusk. Virgin and mated mature males did not respond differently to CBEO. No obvious response behaviour to the CBEO was observed in two species of beneficial natural predator ladybirds. In addition, a cytotoxicity assessment demonstrated that CBEO is nontoxic to normal human and mouse cells. Based on our laboratory experiments, CBEO may serve as a promising, sustainable, and environmentally friendly attractant for B. dorsalis males; however, field experiments are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2075-4450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/insects13100918
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2662247-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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