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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    WiFi-Based Detection of Human Subtle Motion for Health Applications
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Bioengineering Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02-08), p. 228-
    Details
    In: Bioengineering, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02-08), p. 228-
    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease affect motor symptoms with abnormally increased or reduced movements. Symptoms such as tremor and hand movement disorders can be subtle and vary daily such that the actual condition of the disease may not fully present in clinical sessions. Health examination and monitoring, if available in the living space, can capture comprehensive and quantitative information about a patient’s motor symptoms, allowing physicians to make a precise diagnosis and devise a more personalized treatment. WiFi-based sensing is a potential solution for passively detecting human motion in a contactless way that collects no personally identifiable information. This study proposed an approach for human micromotion detection using the WiFi channel state information, which can be realized in a regular-sized room for home health monitoring and examination. Three types of motion were tested to evaluate the proposed method in quantifying micromotion using single and multiple WiFi links. The results show that micromotion could be captured at all distributed locations in the experimental environment (4.2 m × 7.9 m). Our computer algorithm computed the frequency and duration of simulated hand tremors with an average accuracy of 90.9% (single WiFi link)—95.7% (multiple WiFi links).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2306-5354
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020228
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2746191-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diagnostic Devices for Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification
    MDPI AG ; 2012
    In:  Sensors Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2012-06-14), p. 8319-8337
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2012-06-14), p. 8319-8337
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s120608319
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 3
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    Recent Advances in Novel Lateral Flow Technologies for Detection of COVID-19
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biosensors Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-08-25), p. 295-
    Details
    In: Biosensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-08-25), p. 295-
    Abstract: The development of reliable and robust diagnostic tests is one of the most efficient methods to limit the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, most laboratory diagnostics for COVID-19, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), are expensive, time-consuming, and require highly trained professional operators. On the other hand, the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a simpler, cheaper device that can be operated by unskilled personnel easily. Unfortunately, the current technique has some limitations, mainly inaccuracy in detection. This review article aims to highlight recent advances in novel lateral flow technologies for detecting SARS-CoV-2 as well as innovative approaches to achieve highly sensitive and specific point-of-care testing. Lastly, we discuss future perspectives on how smartphones and Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be integrated to revolutionize disease detection as well as disease control and surveillance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6374
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/bios11090295
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662125-3
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  • 4
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    Utilizing Experimental Mouse Model to Identify Effectors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induced by HBx Antigen
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cancers Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2020-02-10), p. 409-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2020-02-10), p. 409-
    Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the ten most commonly diagnosed cancers and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are prone to developing chronic liver diseases (i.e., fibrosis and cirrhosis), and the HBV X antigen plays an important role in the development of HCC. The difficulty in detecting HCC at the early stages is one of the main reasons that the death rate approximates the incidence rate. The regulators controlling the downstream liver protein expression from HBV infection are unclear. Mass spectrometric techniques and customized programs were used to identify differentially expressed proteins which may be involved in the development of liver fibrosis and HCC progression in hepatitis B virus X protein transgenic mice (HBx mice). FSTL1, CTSB, and TGF-β enhanced the signaling pathway proteins during the pathogenesis of HBx. Missing proteins can be essential in cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, metastasis or angiogenesis. We found that LHX2, BMP-5 and GDF11 had complex interactions with other missing proteins and BMP-5 had both tumor suppressing and tumorigenic roles. BMP-5 may be involved in fibrosis and tumorigenic processes in the liver. These results provide us an understanding of the mechanism of HBx-induced disorders, and may serve as molecular targets for liver treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020409
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 5
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    Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. act Against Helicobacter pylori-induced Inflammation
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2019-01-14), p. 90-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2019-01-14), p. 90-
    Abstract: The bacterial species, Helicobacter pylori, is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases, and poses serious health threats owing to its resistance to antibiotics. Lactobacillus spp., on the other hand, possess probiotic activities that have beneficial effects in humans. However, the mechanisms by which Lactobacillus spp. harbor favorable functions and act against H. pylori infection remain to be explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of bacterial strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus, termed GMNL-74 and GMNL-185, respectively, to inhibit H. pylori growth and inflammation. Our results showed that GMNL-74 and GMNL-185 possess potent antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR)-H. pylori. In addition, an in vitro cell-based model revealed that the inhibition of H. pylori adhesion and invasion of gastric epithelial cells and interleukin-8 production were significantly decreased by treatment with both the Lactobacillus strains. In vivo studies demonstrated that colonization of H. pylori and induced inflammation in the mouse stomach were also alleviated by these Lactobacillus strains. Furthermore, the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, including Bifidobacterium spp. and Akkermansia muciniphilia, were significantly increased in H. pylori-infected mice treated with GMNL-74 and GMNL-185. These results demonstrate that Lactobacillus spp. ameliorate H. pylori-induced inflammation and supports beneficial gut specific bacteria that act against H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010090
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Characterization of Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2 in Colorectal Cancer Progression in Subjects with Diabetic Comorbidity
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cells Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2022-02-18), p. 727-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2022-02-18), p. 727-
    Abstract: Background: Common demographic risk factors are identified in colorectal cancer (CRC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), nevertheless, the molecular link and mechanism for CRC-DM comorbidity remain elusive. Dysregulated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta under metabolic imbalance is suggested to accelerate CRC pathogenesis/progression via regulating collpasin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP2). Accordingly, roles of CRMP2 in CRC and CRC-DM patients were investigated for elucidating the molecular convergence of CRC and DM. Methods: CRMP2 profile in tumor tissues from CRC and CRC-DM patients was investigated to explore the link between CRC and DM etiology. Meanwhile, molecular mechanism of glucose to regulate CRMP2 profile and CRC characteristics was examined in vitro and in vivo. Results: CRMP2 was significantly lower in tumor lesions and associated with advanced tumor stage in CRC-DM patients. Physiological hyperglycemia suppressed CRMP2 expression/activity and augmented malignant characteristics of CRC cells. Hyperglycemia promotes actin de-polymerization, cytoskeleton flexibility and cell proliferation/metastasis by downregulating CRMP2 profile and thus contributes to CRC disease progression. Conclusions: This study uncovers molecular evidence to substantiate and elucidate the link between CRC and T2DM, as well as characterizing the roles of CRMP2 in CRC-DM. Accordingly, altered metabolic adaptations are promising targets for anti-diabetic and cancer strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells11040727
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 7
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    Acetylation-Mimic Mutation of TRIM28-Lys304 to Gln Attenuates the Interaction with KRAB-Zinc-Finger Proteins and Affects Gene Expression in Leukemic K562 Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 12 ( 2023-06-06), p. 9830-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 12 ( 2023-06-06), p. 9830-
    Abstract: TRIM28/KAP1/TIF1β is a crucial epigenetic modifier. Genetic ablation of trim28 is embryonic lethal, although RNAi-mediated knockdown in somatic cells yields viable cells. Reduction in TRIM28 abundance at the cellular or organismal level results in polyphenism. Posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation and sumoylation have been shown to regulate TRIM28 activity. Moreover, several lysine residues of TRIM28 are subject to acetylation, but how acetylation of TRIM28 affects its functions remains poorly understood. Here, we report that, compared with wild-type TRIM28, the acetylation-mimic mutant TRIM28-K304Q has an altered interaction with Krüppel-associated box zinc-finger proteins (KRAB-ZNFs). The TRIM28-K304Q knock-in cells were created in K562 erythroleukemia cells by CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein nuclease 9) gene editing method. Transcriptome analysis revealed that TRIM28-K304Q and TRIM28 knockout K562 cells had similar global gene expression profiles, yet the profiles differed considerably from wild-type K562 cells. The expression levels of embryonic-related globin gene and a platelet cell marker integrin-beta 3 were increased in TRIM28-K304Q mutant cells, indicating the induction of differentiation. In addition to the differentiation-related genes, many zinc-finger-proteins genes and imprinting genes were activated in TRIM28-K304Q cells; they were inhibited by wild-type TRIM28 via binding with KRAB-ZNFs. These results suggest that acetylation/deacetylation of K304 in TRIM28 constitutes a switch for regulating its interaction with KRAB-ZNFs and alters the gene regulation as demonstrated by the acetylation mimic TRIM28-K304Q.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129830
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    TRIM28 Regulates Dlk1 Expression in Adipogenesis
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 21, No. 19 ( 2020-09-30), p. 7245-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 19 ( 2020-09-30), p. 7245-
    Abstract: The tripartite motif-containing protein 28 (TRIM28) is a transcription corepressor, interacting with histone deacetylase and methyltransferase complexes. TRIM28 is a crucial regulator in development and differentiation. We would like to investigate its function and regulation in adipogenesis. Knockdown of Trim28 by transducing lentivirus-carrying shRNAs impairs the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, demonstrated by morphological observation and gene expression analysis. To understand the molecular mechanism of Trim28-mediated adipogenesis, the RNA-seq was performed to find out the possible Trim28-regulated genes. Dlk1 (delta-like homolog 1) was increased in Trim28 knockdown 3T3-L1 cells both untreated and induced to differentiation. Dlk1 is an imprinted gene and known as an inhibitor of adipogenesis. Further knockdown of Dlk1 in Trim28 knockdown 3T3-L1 would rescue cell differentiation. The epigenetic analysis showed that DNA methylation of Dlk1 promoter and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was not altered significantly in Trim28 knockdown cells. However, compared to control cells, the histone methylation on the Dlk1 promoter was increased at H3K4 and decreased at H3K27 in Trim28 knockdown cells. Finally, we found Trim28 might be recruited by transcription factor E2f1 to regulate Dlk1 expression. The results imply Trim28-Dlk1 axis is critical for adipogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197245
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    The Effects of Heterologous Immunization with Prime-Boost COVID-19 Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2021-10-11), p. 1163-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2021-10-11), p. 1163-
    Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become the global challenge. Reaching global herd immunity will help end the COVID-19 pandemic. However, vaccine shortage and vaccine hesitancy are the obstacles to achieve global herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2. The current homologous vaccine regimen is experimentally switching to heterologous vaccination at several study sites. However, the reactogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1-S and mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is still unclear. We have conducted a systematic review to summarize the current findings on the safety and immunogenicity of this heterologous vaccination and elucidate their implications against SARS-CoV-2. This systematic review was conducted by the guidelines of PRISMA. Articles were searched from PubMed and other sources (MedRixv and Google scholar) starting from 1 January to 5 September 2021. The search term was heterologous ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccination. Our review found that participants with ChAdOx1/BNT162b2, ChAdOx1-S/mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2/ChAdOx1-S did not have the serious adverse events seen with homologous vaccination. Participants with the heterologous regimen (ChAdOx1/BNT162b2, ChAdOx1-S/mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2/ChAdOx1-S), compared with those with two doses of ChAdOx1-S, have shown a more robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, such as higher levels of responsive antibodies or increased numbers of spike-specific T-cells. Nevertheless, these immune responses were slightly diminished in the recipients of BNT162b2/ChAdOx1-S. Also, the safety study of heterologous ChAdOx1-S/mRNA vaccination was based on small populations. Further studies to enclose diverse categories, such as race/ethnicity or geography, may be necessary. Overall, the heterologous immunization with ChAdOX1-S and the mRNA vaccine may improve the vaccine shortage related slow pace of reaching herd immunity, especially using the heterologous immunization with ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101163
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 10
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    Newborn Screening for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency in Taiwan
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  International Journal of Neonatal Screening Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2017-06-23), p. 16-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Neonatal Screening, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2017-06-23), p. 16-
    Abstract: A study of newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) by detecting the T-cell receptor excision circle (TRECs) copy number in dried blood spots (DBSs) collected from newborns 3 days of age began in 2010 in Taiwan, and SCID screening was subsequently implemented country-wide in 2012. A total of 920,398 newborns were screened during a period of 78 months. Of these, 175 newborns (0.02%) were requested to undergo an immune function survey, and 136 cases (1 in 6768 newborns) were ultimately diagnosed as having T cell lymphopenia. The screening detected seven cases of typical SCID, with an incidence of 1 in 131,485 newborns (95% confidence interval, 1/63,693~1/271,434). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed in six patients before overt infection occurred, and the survival rate was 100%. The screening also detected eight cases of SCID variants and 20 cases of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Other etiologies of T lymphopenia were identified, and those newborns were evaluated and managed according to their immunological status. Owing to the introduction of newborn screening by measuring the TREC copy number, early administration of treatments became possible for newborns with conditions that put them at risk of primary or secondary immunodeficiency.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2409-515X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijns3030016
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2840820-2
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