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  • MDPI AG  (33)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clopidogrel with Aspirin versus Aspirin Alone following Intravenous Thrombolysis in Minor Stroke: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Brain Sciences Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-12-22), p. 20-
    Details
    In: Brain Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-12-22), p. 20-
    Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) using clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin monotherapy after intravenous thrombolysis on functional outcomes in patients with minor stroke. Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≤ 5 who received either DAPT or aspirin monotherapy following recombinant tissue plasminogen activator intravenous thrombolysis were studied. Data recorded between January 2017 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary efficacy outcome was functional improvement at 1 year, measured by a 1-point decrease across modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores. Secondary outcomes included complete rehabilitation (mRS = 0), an excellent outcome (mRS = 0–1), and a favorable outcome (mRS = 0–2) at 1 year, as well as the rates of stroke recurrence and all-cause mortality within 1 year. Results: A total of 238 patients were included, and follow-up data were available for 205 patients (86.1%). The distribution of 1-year outcomes on the mRS favored DAPT over aspirin monotherapy (adjusted common odds ratio (OR), 2.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12–4.28; p = 0.022). Patients who received DAPT, compared with those receiving aspirin alone, were more likely to achieve complete rehabilitation (adjusted OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.21–4.95; p = 0.013) at the 1-year follow-up. Additionally, the percentages of an excellent outcome and a favorable outcome did not differ, and the rates of stroke recurrence and all-cause mortality were comparable during the 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: Clopidogrel with aspirin following intravenous thrombolysis was associated with improved functional outcome at the 1-year follow-up for patients with minor stroke, and it did not increase the stroke recurrence rate and mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010020
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651993-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Derivatives as Apoptosis Inducers in Chemotherapy by Stabilizing Bcl-2 G-quadruplex DNA
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Molecules Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2017-05-20), p. 829-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2017-05-20), p. 829-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050829
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ionic Chiral Ferrocene Doped Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with Electronically Tunable Reflective Bandwidth performance
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Materials Vol. 15, No. 24 ( 2022-12-08), p. 8749-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 24 ( 2022-12-08), p. 8749-
    Abstract: Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) were widely used in optical devices as one-dimensional photonic crystals. However, their reflective bands cannot be adjusted, which limits their wide application in many fields. In this paper, a series of ionic chiral ferrocene derivatives (CD-Fc+) as dopants were designed and prepared, and their doping into negative liquid crystal matrix was investigated to develop cholesteric response liquid crystal composites with electrically tunable reflective bands. The effects of electric field frequency, voltage, retention time of voltage and molecular structure on the broadening of reflection bandwidth were investigated in detail.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma15248749
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Combination of Biochar and Trichoderma harzianum Can Improve the Phytoremediation Efficiency of Brassica juncea and the Rhizosphere Micro-Ecology in Cadmium and Arsenic Contaminated Soil
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Plants Vol. 12, No. 16 ( 2023-08-14), p. 2939-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 16 ( 2023-08-14), p. 2939-
    Abstract: Phytoremediation is an environment-friendly method for toxic elements remediation. The aim of this study was to improve the phytoremediation efficiency of Brassica juncea and the rhizosphere soil micro-ecology in cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) contaminated soil. A field experiment was conducted with six treatments, including a control treatment (CK), two treatments with two contents of Trichoderma harzianum (T1: 4.5 g m−2; T2: 9 g m−2), one biochar treatment (B: 750 g m−2), and two combined treatments of T1B and T2B. The results showed Trichoderma harzianum promoted the total chlorophyll and translocation factor of Brassica juncea, while biochar promoted plant biomass compared to CK. T2B treatment showed the best results, which significantly increased Cd accumulation by 187.49–308.92%, and As accumulation by 125.74–221.43%. As a result, the soil’s total Cd content was reduced by 19.04% to 49.64% and total As contents by 38.76% to 53.77%. The combined amendment increased the contents of soil available potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic matter. Meanwhile, both the activity of glutathione and peroxidase enzymes in plants, together with urease and sucrase enzymes in soil, were increased. Firmicutes (dominant bacterial phylum) and Ascomycota (dominant fungal phylum) showed positive and close correlation with soil nutrients and plant potentially toxic elements contents. This study demonstrated that phytoremediation assisted by biochar and Trichoderma harzianum is an effective method of soil remediation and provides a new strategy for enhancing plant remediation efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants12162939
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anti-inflammatory Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Fungus Eutypella scoparia
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 20, No. 8 ( 2022-07-28), p. 486-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 8 ( 2022-07-28), p. 486-
    Abstract: Three new polyketides, eutyketides A and B (1 and 2) and cytosporin X (3), along with four known compounds (4–7), were obtained from the marine-derived fungus Eutypella scoparia. The planar structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by extensive HRMS and 1D and 2D NMR analyses. Their relative configurations of C-13 and C-14 were determined with chemical conversions by introducing an acetonylidene group. The absolute configurations of 1–3 were determined by comparing their experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data with their computed ECD results. All of the isolated compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory activities on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compounds 5 and 6 showed stronger anti-inflammatory activities than the other compounds, with the inhibition of 49.0% and 54.9% at a concentration of 50.0 µg/mL, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md20080486
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Lignan-Rich Fraction from Sambucus williamsii Hance Exerts Bone Protective Effects via Altering Circulating Serotonin and Gut Microbiota in Rats
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 22 ( 2022-11-08), p. 4718-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 22 ( 2022-11-08), p. 4718-
    Abstract: Our previous study revealed that the bone anabolic effects of the lignan-rich fraction (SWCA) from Sambucus williamsii Hance was involved in modulating the metabolism of tryptophan in vivo and inhibiting serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in vitro. This study aimed to determine how SWCA modulates bone metabolism via serotonin in vivo. The effects of SWCA were evaluated by using 4-month-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) ovariectomized rats. The serum levels of 5-HT and kynurenine, the protein expressions of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH-1) and TPH-2, the genes and proteins related to the 5-HT signaling pathway as well as gut microbiota composition were determined. SWCA treatment alleviated bone loss and decreased serum levels of serotonin, which was negatively related to bone mineral density (BMD) in rats. It suppressed the protein expression of TPH-1 in the colon, and reversed the gene and protein expressions of FOXO1 and ATF4 in the femur in OVX rats, while it did not affect the TPH-2 protein expression in the cortex. SWCA treatment escalated the relative abundance of Antinobacteria and modulated several genera relating to BMD. These findings verified that the bone protective effects of lignans were mediated by serotonin, and provided evidence that lignans might be a good source of TPH-1 inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14224718
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultra-Uniform Copper Deposition in High Aspect Ratio Plated through Holes via Pulse-Reverse Plating
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Coatings Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2022-07-15), p. 995-
    Details
    In: Coatings, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2022-07-15), p. 995-
    Abstract: The uniformity and microstructure of the copper deposition in the high aspect ratio plated through holes (penetrating holes) are crucial for the performance of printed circuit board. We systematically investigated the effects of reverse pulse parameters in the period pulse reverse (PPR) plating on the uniformity and microstructure of the copper deposition, including reverse pulse frequency, reverse pulse duty cycle and reverse pulse current density. The Cu deposition behavior (throwing power) and its crystallographic characteristics, including grain size, crystallographic orientation, and grain boundary, were characterized by means of field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Our results clarify that the reverse pulse current density and duty ratio should be low to achieve the full filling and high uniformity of the through holes. The reverse pulse frequency of 1500 Hz would prevent the through holes to be fully filled. The copper electrodeposition in PTH prepared by double pulse electrodeposition has the good (111) surface texture and grain boundary distribution. This work demonstrated that the period pulse reverse (PPR) plating provides unique advantages in achieving the ultra-uniform copper deposition in the high aspect ratio plated through holes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/coatings12070995
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662314-6
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The Species Composition and Distribution Patterns of Non-Native Fishes in the Main Rivers of South China
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2020-06-03), p. 4566-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2020-06-03), p. 4566-
    Abstract: Non-native fish invasions are among the greatest threats to the sustainability of freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Tilapia and catfish are regularly cultured in South China which is similar to their climate in native areas and may also support their invasive potential. We systematically collected fish from eight main rivers of South China, from 2016 to 2018, to investigate and analyse species’ composition and the distribution of non-native fishes. The data reveal that non-native fishes are widespread and abundant in the sampled rivers: of the 98,887 fish collected, 11,832 individuals representing 20 species were not native, which were distributed in the 96% sampled sites. Of the non-native fish species, 17 are used in aquaculture and 19 are native to the tropics; 13 are omnivores while the other seven are predators. Based on dissimilarity of the non-native fish species distributions across the eight rivers, the different rivers could be divided into four assemblages. Geographical isolation and temperature were identified as affecting the distribution patterns of non-native fishes, thereby influencing fish species composition, species number, dominant species, and distribution variations in the South China rivers. Species composition of the non-native fishes in these rivers are related to their introduction vector, compatibility with their native habitat, and feeding strategies. Their distribution was mainly influenced by geographical location and temperature. To mitigate the impacts of non-native fish, a series of stricter management practices, systematic monitoring, and more research are needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su12114566
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Area and Mass Changes of Glaciers in the West Kunlun Mountains Based on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images and DEMs from 1970 to 2018
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 12, No. 16 ( 2020-08-14), p. 2632-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 16 ( 2020-08-14), p. 2632-
    Abstract: Most of the world’s glaciers have retreated significantly against the background of recent climate warming, while reports have indicated that the glaciers in the West Kunlun Mountains (WKL) may be in a relatively stable state, although there are some gaps in previous research. Based on Landsat series data, topographic maps, SRTM and TanDEM-x data, this paper extracts detailed glacial area information and glacial mass balance during different time periods from 1970 to 2018. We found that, the total area of glaciers in the WKL decreased by 8.0 km2 from 1972 to 2018. The area decreased by 12.0 km2 from 1972 to 1991 and increased by 4.7 km2 from 2010 to 2018. Glacier surface elevation change results in the WKL showed that the overall glacier thickness slightly decreased from 1970 to 2016, with an average of 1.9 ± 1.0 m. The glaciers thinned by approximately 2.5 ± 1.0 m from 1970 to 2000, while from 2000 to 2016, the glaciers thickened approximately by 0.6 ± 1.0 m. Overall, the glaciers in the WKL showed very slight retreat. In addition, the mass changes of glaciers were affected by glacial surging.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs12162632
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Absolute Configurations and Chitinase Inhibitions of Quinazoline-Containing Diketopiperazines from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium polonicum
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 18, No. 9 ( 2020-09-21), p. 479-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 9 ( 2020-09-21), p. 479-
    Abstract: Three new quinazoline-containing diketopiperazines, polonimides A–C (1–3), along with four analogues (4–7), were obtained from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium polonicum. Among them, 2 and 4, 3 and 5 were epimers, respectively, resulting the difficulty in the determination of their configurations. The configurations of 1–3 were determined by 1D nuclear overhauser effect (NOE), Marfey and electron circular dichroism (ECD) methods. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) calculation with the combination of DP4plus probability method was used to distinguish the absolute configurations of C-3 in 3 and 5. All of 1–7 were tested for their chitinase inhibitory activity against OfHex1 and OfChi-h and cytotoxicity against A549, HGC-27 and UMUC-3 cell lines. Compounds 1–7 exhibited weak activity towards OfHex1 and strong activity towards OfChi-h at a concentration of 10.0 μM, with the inhibition rates of 0.7%–10.3% and 79.1%–95.4%, respectively. Interestingly, 1–7 showed low cytotoxicity against A549, HGC-27 and UMUC-3 cell lines, suggesting that good prospect of this cluster of metabolites for drug discovery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md18090479
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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