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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease on Survival in Patients with Advanced Stage Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 13 ( 2021-06-28), p. 3231-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 13 ( 2021-06-28), p. 3231-
    Abstract: Background: To date, no data are available regarding the effect of chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD with acute exacerbation (COPDAE) on survival in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) receiving definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Patients and methods: We enrolled 3986 patients with clinical stage IIIA–IIIB, unresectable lung SCC, who had received standard definitive CCRT, and categorized them into two groups based on their COPD status to compare overall survival outcomes. We also examined the effects of COPD severity (0, 1, or ≥2 hospitalizations for COPDA within 1 year before CCRT). Results: In the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-adjusted model, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of all-cause death for COPD was 1.04 (1.01, 1.16), compared no COPD in patients with stage IIIA–IIIB lung SCC receiving definitive CCRT. In the IPTW-adjusted model, the aHRs (95% CIs) of 1 and ≥ 2 hospitalizations for COPDAE within 1 year before CCRT were 1.32 (1.19, 1.46) and 1.81 (1.49, 2.19) respectively, compared with no hospitalization for COPDAE. Conclusion: COPD and its severity are significant independent risk factors for all-cause death in patients with stage IIIA–IIIB lung SCC receiving definitive CCRT. Hospitalization for COPDAE within 1 year before CCRT is the significant independent risk factor for lung cancer death in the patients with stage IIIA–IIIB lung SCC receiving definitive CCRT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133231
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 12
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    Correction of Young’s Modulus Calculation in the Flexural Mode of Resonant Column Test
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 10, No. 19 ( 2020-09-24), p. 6675-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 19 ( 2020-09-24), p. 6675-
    Abstract: The resonant column test includes torsional and flexural modes that can be used to obtain reduction curves for the shear modulus and Young’s modulus of the soil, respectively. When the resonant column test is performed under flexural mode, Young’s modulus is calculated mainly using the measured resonant frequency following the formula proposed by Cascante et al. However, this formula does not consider the rotational inertia effect of the electromagnetic drive disk of the resonant column apparatus and thus may inaccurately calculate Young’s modulus. In this study, the formula was modified by considering the rotational inertia effect of the electromagnetic drive disk, and its accuracy was verified by using three aluminum calibration rods with different diameters as a dummy specimen for the resonant tests in flexural and torsional modes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app10196675
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 13
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    The Use of Wearable Sensors for the Movement Assessment on Muscle Contraction Sequences in Post-Stroke Patients during Sit-to-Stand
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Sensors Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2019-02-06), p. 657-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2019-02-06), p. 657-
    Abstract: Electromyography (EMG) sensors have been used to study the sequence of muscle contractions during sit-to-stand (STS) in post-stroke patients. However, the majority of the studies used wired sensors with a limited number of placements. Using the latest improved wearable technology with 16 sensors, the current study was a thorough investigation to evaluate the contraction sequences of eight key muscles on the trunk and bilateral limbs during STS in post-stroke patients, as it became feasible. Multiple wearable sensors for the detection of muscle contraction sequences showed that the post-stroke patients performed STS with abnormal firing sequences, not only in the primary mover on the sagittal plane during raising, but also in the tibialis anterior, which may affect anticipatory postural adjustment in the gluteus medius, which may affect balance control. The abnormal tibialis anterior contraction until the early ascending phase and the delayed firing of the gluteus muscles highlight the importance of whole-kinetic-chain monitoring of contraction sequences using wearable sensors. The findings can be helpful for the design of therapeutic exercises.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s19030657
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 14
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    Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Inhibit Replication of the Dengue Virus by Targeting NF-kB and MAPK-Mediated Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Viruses Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2023-03-30), p. 884-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2023-03-30), p. 884-
    Abstract: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a serious global health issue as it causes severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Since no approved therapies are available to treat DENV infection, it is necessary to develop new agents or supplements that can do this. In this study, grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE), which is widely consumed as a dietary supplement, dose-dependently suppressed the replication of four DENV serotypes. The inhibitory mechanism demonstrated that GSPE downregulated DENV-induced aberrant cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, revealing that the inhibitory effect of the GSPE on DENV replication involved targeting DENV-induced COX-2 expression. Mechanistic studies on signaling regulation have demonstrated that GSPE significantly reduced COX-2 expression by inactivating NF-κB and ERK/P38 MAPK signaling activities. Administrating GSPE to DENV-infected suckling mice reduced virus replication, mortality, and monocyte infiltration of the brain. In addition, GSPE substantially reduced the expression of DENV-induced inflammatory cytokines associated with severe dengue disease, including tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8, suggesting that GSPE has potential as a dietary supplement to attenuate DENV infection and severe dengue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v15040884
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 15
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    Impact of Smoking-Related Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease on Mortality of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Patients Receiving Standard Treatments: Propensity Score-Matched, Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 15 ( 2021-07-21), p. 3654-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 15 ( 2021-07-21), p. 3654-
    Abstract: Purpose: the survival effect of smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD with acute exacerbation (COPDAE) is unclear for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) receiving standard treatments. Methods: we recruited women with clinical stage I–III IDC from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database who had received standard treatments between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2018. The time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze all-cause mortality. To reduce the effects of potential confounders when all-cause mortality between Groups 1 and 2 were compared, 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. We categorized the patients into two groups based on COPD status to compare overall survival outcomes: Group 1 (current smokers with COPD) and Group 2 (nonsmokers without COPD group). Results: PSM yielded 2319 patients with stage I–III IDC (773 and 1546 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively) eligible for further analysis. In the multivariate time-dependent Cox regression analyses, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR; 95% confidence interval (CI)) of all-cause mortality for Group 1 compared with Group 2 was 1.04 (0.83–1.22). The aHRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality for ≥1 hospitalization for COPDAE within one year before breast surgery was 1.51 (1.18–2.36) compared with no COPDAE. Conclusion: smoking-related COPD was not a significant independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in women with stage I–III IDC receiving standard treatments. Being hospitalized at least once for COPDAE within one year before breast surgery is highly associated with high mortality for women with IDC receiving standard treatments. The severity of smoking-related COPD before treatments for breast cancer might be an important prognostic factor of survival. Thus, the information of the severity of COPD before treatment for breast cancer might be valuable for increasing the survival rate in treatment of breast cancer, especially in the prevention of progress from COPD to COPDAE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153654
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 16
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    COVID-19 Bivalent Booster in Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Antibody Response to Omicron BA.5, BQ.1, BF.7 and XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2023-08-28), p. 1425-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2023-08-28), p. 1425-
    Abstract: Our study was to investigate the effects of bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccination during pregnancy on neutralizing antibody (Nab) levels in maternal blood (MB), transplacental transmission in umbilical cord blood (CB), and efficacy against Omicron SARS-CoV-2 subvariants including BA.5, BF.7, BQ.1, and XBB.1.5. We collected MB and CB from 11 pregnant participants during baby delivery and detected Nab inhibition by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Nab inhibition was 89–94% in MB and 82–89% in CB for Omicron subvariants. Those receiving AZD1222 vaccines in previous monovalent vaccination demonstrated poorer maternal Nab inhibition of BA.5, BQ.1, and XBB.1.5 than others. Poorer maternal Nab inhibition of BA.5, BF.7, and BQ.1 was found in those receiving two-dose AZD1222 vaccinations than with either one or no AZD1222 vaccination. MB from those with infants weighing 〈 3100 g demonstrated better Nab inhibition of BF.7 than those 〉 3100 g (97.99 vs. 95.20%, p = 0.048), and there were also similar trends for Nab inhibition of BA.5 and BQ.1. No significant differences were seen in CB samples. Although diminished maternal Nab inhibition was seen in those with previous monovalent AZD1222 vaccination and heavier newborns, neonatal Nab inhibition was still strong after bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccination.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091425
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 17
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    Using the Water Absorption Ability of Dried Hydrogels to Form Hydrogel-Supported Lipid Bilayers
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Gels Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2023-09-15), p. 751-
    Details
    In: Gels, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2023-09-15), p. 751-
    Abstract: The formation of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) on hydrogels can act as a biocompatible anti-fouling interface. However, generating continuous and mobile SLBs on materials other than conventional glass or mica remains a significant challenge. The interaction between lipid membrane vesicles and a typical hydrogel is usually insufficient to induce membrane vesicle rupture and form a planar lipid membrane. In this study, we demonstrate that the water absorption ability of a dried polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel could serve as a driving force to facilitate the formation of the hydrogel–SLBs. The absorption driving force vanishes after the hydrogels are fully hydrated, leaving no extra interaction hindering lipid lateral mobility in the formed SLBs. Our fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) results show that SLBs only form on hydrogels with adequate absorption abilities. Moreover, we discovered that exposure to oxygen during drying could lead to the formation of an oxidized crust on the PAAm hydrogel surface, impeding SLB formation. Therefore, minimizing oxygen exposure during drying is crucial to achieving high-quality hydrogel surfaces for SLB formation. This water absorption method enables the straightforward fabrication of hydrogel–SLBs without the need for additional substrates or charges, thereby expanding their potential applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2310-2861
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/gels9090751
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813982-3
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  • 18
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    Marine Gel Interactions with Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Pollutants
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Gels Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2021-07-06), p. 83-
    Details
    In: Gels, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2021-07-06), p. 83-
    Abstract: Microgels play critical roles in a variety of processes in the ocean, including element cycling, particle interactions, microbial ecology, food web dynamics, air–sea exchange, and pollutant distribution and transport. Exopolymeric substances (EPS) from various marine microbes are one of the major sources for marine microgels. Due to their amphiphilic nature, many types of pollutants, especially hydrophobic ones, have been found to preferentially associate with marine microgels. The interactions between pollutants and microgels can significantly impact the transport, sedimentation, distribution, and the ultimate fate of these pollutants in the ocean. This review on marine gels focuses on the discussion of the interactions between gel-forming EPS and pollutants, such as oil and other hydrophobic pollutants, nanoparticles, and metal ions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2310-2861
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/gels7030083
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813982-3
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  • 19
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    From Nano-Gels to Marine Snow: A Synthesis of Gel Formation Processes and Modeling Efforts Involved with Particle Flux in the Ocean
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Gels Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2021-08-09), p. 114-
    Details
    In: Gels, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2021-08-09), p. 114-
    Abstract: Marine gels (nano-, micro-, macro-) and marine snow play important roles in regulating global and basin-scale ocean biogeochemical cycling. Exopolymeric substances (EPS) including transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) that form from nano-gel precursors are abundant materials in the ocean, accounting for an estimated 700 Gt of carbon in seawater. This supports local microbial communities that play a critical role in the cycling of carbon and other macro- and micro-elements in the ocean. Recent studies have furthered our understanding of the formation and properties of these materials, but the relationship between the microbial polymers released into the ocean and marine snow remains unclear. Recent studies suggest developing a (relatively) simple model that is tractable and related to the available data will enable us to step forward into new research by following marine snow formation under different conditions. In this review, we synthesize the chemical and physical processes. We emphasize where these connections may lead to a predictive, mechanistic understanding of the role of gels in marine snow formation and the biogeochemical functioning of the ocean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2310-2861
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/gels7030114
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813982-3
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  • 20
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    Unveiling the Hidden Dangers of Plasticizers: A Call for Immediate Action
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Toxics Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2023-06-12), p. 527-
    Details
    In: Toxics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2023-06-12), p. 527-
    Abstract: Over the last several decades, plasticizers have seamlessly integrated themselves into our daily routines, permeating a vast array of commonly encountered products such as food containers, toys, medicines, building materials, electronic devices, cosmetics, perfumes, and personal care items [...]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2305-6304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060527
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733883-6
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