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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sustainable health promotion for the seniors during COVID-19 outbreak: a lesson from Tokyo
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2020
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 14, No. 04 ( 2020-04-30), p. 328-331
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 14, No. 04 ( 2020-04-30), p. 328-331
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is novel corona virus infection outbreak that has gone global in 2020. Current prevention policies consist of hand hygiene and social distancing. Emergencies overloaded health services and shocked the logistics chains in many countries, especially Italy and China. Having more than a quarter of its population being elderly, Japan is at high risk for COVID-19 induced morbidity and mortality. This situation cancelled schedules of all routine group exercise activities for the seniors in Japan. While the outbreak is ongoing, staying at home is safe. However, successive days of being house-ridden and limited movement can lead to excessive physical inactivity. Some elderly who are not moving much can lose a significant amount of muscle strength, flexibility and aerobic capacity. It can accelerate the frailty and dependency of the seniors, and subsequently, claiming of care and health services. Moreover, existing and new evidences showed that physical activity can promote antiviral immunity. An alternative to usual group exercise activities is crucial to keep seniors active without affecting social distancing. While staying at home for long, functional exercises maintaining basic level of physical activity and movements are urgently required to be introduced to the seniors in Tokyo and around the world to prevent functional decline. Home exercise is a practical option. Therefore, we made a home-version of the functional training exercise video with different sets of 10-minutes exercise for 7 days a week. This breakthrough alternative may sustain health promotion for the elderly persons to preserve their active aging and maintain optimal health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3855/jidc.12684
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global evidence directing regional preventive strategies in Southeast Asia for fighting TB/HIV
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 7, No. 03 ( 2013-03-14), p. 191-202
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 7, No. 03 ( 2013-03-14), p. 191-202
    Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-epidemics form a huge burden of disease in the Southeast Asia region. Five out of eleven nations in this region are high TB/HIV burden countries: Myanmar, Thailand, India, Indonesia and Nepal. The trends of TB incidence in these countries have been rising in recent years, in contrast to a falling global trend. Experts in the field of TB control and health service providers have been perplexed by the association of TB and HIV infections which causes a mosaic clinical presentation, a unique course with poor treatment outcomes including death. We conducted a review of contemporary evidence relating to TB/HIV control with the aims of assisting integrated health system responses in Southeast Asia and demystifying current evidence to facilitate translating it into practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3855/jidc.2903
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Community responses to COVID-19 pandemic first wave containment measures: a multinational study
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 15, No. 08 ( 2021-08-31), p. 1107-1116
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 15, No. 08 ( 2021-08-31), p. 1107-1116
    Abstract: Introduction: National strategies to control COVID-19 pandemic consisted mostly of social distancing measures such as lockdowns, curfews, and stay-home guidelines, personal protection such as hand hygiene and mask wearing, as well as contact tracing, isolation and quarantine. Whilst policy interventions were broadly similar across the globe, there were some differences in individual and community responses. This study explored community responses to COVID-19 containment measures in different countries and synthesized a model. This exaplains the community response to pandemic containment measures in the local context, so as to be suitably prepared for future interventions and research. Methodology: A mutlinational study was conducted from April-June 2020 involving researchers from 12 countries (Japan, Austria, U.S., Taiwan, India, Sudan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Myanmar, Vietnam and Thailand). Steps in this research consisted of carrying out open-ended questionnaires, qualitative analyses in NVivo, and a multinational meeting to reflect, exchange, and validate results. Lastly, a commuinty response model was synthesized from multinational experiences. Results: Effective communication is key in promoting collective action for preventing virus transmission. Health literacy, habits and social norms in different populations are core components of public health interventions. To enable people to stay home while sustaining livelihoods, economic and social support are essential. Countries could benefit from previous pandemic experience in their community response. Whilst contact tracing and isolation are crucial intervention components, issues of privacy and human rights need to be considered. Conclusions: Understanding community responses to containment policies will help in ending current and future pandemics in the world.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3855/jidc.15254
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Chronic hepatitis B prognostic markers other than pre-treatment viral load predicted composite treatment outcome
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 7, No. 07 ( 2013-07-15), p. 541-549
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 7, No. 07 ( 2013-07-15), p. 541-549
    Abstract: Introduction: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a globally common infectious disease. Its clinical course is complicated. In Southeast Asia, nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) are commonly used drugs for CHB treatment. Composite treatment outcome has often been used in CHB clinical practice, but rarely predicted epidemiologically. This study aimed to compare the composite treatment outcome between CHB patients with low and high treatment-naïve viral load, and to identify its predictors Methodology: This retrospective cohort study followed up 95 CHB patients on NA treatment for a year. Composite treatment outcome was defined as undetectable HBV DNA level, ALT normalization and, HBeAg clearance in the case of HBeAg-positive patients. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the significant treatment response predictors. Results: Complete composite treatment outcome was achieved by 52% of CHB patients with an initial viral load 〈 6.5 log 10 copies /ml, but 31% of those had an initial viral load ≥ log 6.5 log 10 copies /ml. Outcome was predicted by HBeAg negativity (adjusted relative risk ratio, aRRR = 11.1, 95 % confidence interval, CI 3-41.3) and ALT normalization within the sixth month of therapy (aRRR = 6.7, CI 1.8-24.9). An elevation of ALT to more than 1.5 times the normal value (40 IU/ml) can lead to an incomplete response on NA therapy (aRRR = 6.2, CI 1.5-26.6.) Conclusion: Routine clinical markers other than pre-treatment viral load predicted composite CHB outcome on NA Therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3855/jidc.2759
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Satisfaction of HIV patients with task-shifted primary care service versus routine hospital service in northern Thailand
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2015
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2015-12-30), p. 1360-1366
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2015-12-30), p. 1360-1366
    Abstract: Introduction: Shifting the task of HIV care to primary care providers is an important strategy to sustain expanding access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in high HIV burden countries like Thailand. In a pilot project, the task of following up ART-receiving patients was shifted from a physician-led HIV clinic team based at district level community hospital, to a nurse-led primary healthcare team of seven primary care centers, based at sub-district level in a district of Chiang Mai in northern Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate the task-shifted ART service in a patient-centered approach. Methodology: Patients’ satisfaction level was assessed cross-sectionally in a sample of 198 patients, which included 66 people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving task-shifted ART service and matched controls in a ratio of 1:2. HIV immunological outcome was compared in a retrospective cohort of a year follow-up. Transculturally translated patient satisfaction questionnaire short form (PSQ-18) was used. Multivariate analysis of variance compared seven domains of patients’ satisfaction levels. Results: Community hospital patients expressed significantly higher levels of satisfaction with the technical quality, communication, and time spent by the service provider, whereas the task-shifted model patients experienced significantly better accessibility and convenience of the service. At the one-year follow up, CD4 counts of the two groups were not significantly different. Conclusion: Future research and training programs should aim to improve the technical quality and communication skills of nurse-led ART service teams to shift the task of HIV care and sustain expansion of ART access in primary care settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3855/jidc.7661
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perceived stigma of HIV patients receiving task-shifted primary care service and its relation to satisfaction with health service
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2017
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 11, No. 09 ( 2017-09-30), p. 697-704
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 11, No. 09 ( 2017-09-30), p. 697-704
    Abstract: Introduction: HIV stigma is the remaining challenge to end the global epidemics of HIV. Whether stigma may form a barrier to the provision of ART within the community-based, primary care setting was not studied yet. Therefore, this study intended (1) to compare the levels of ‘perceived stigma’ in PLHIV attending district hospital and primary care units (PCUs), and (2) to measure the relation between HIV stigma and the satisfaction of patients with their health service. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, two matched PLHIV attending district hospitals were recruited for every PLHIV attending a PCU, within a pilot project, until the end of 2014. 198 informed and consented participants were recruited. We used validated Thai version instruments to measure the levels of ‘perceived stigma’ and ‘internal shame’ and the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire 18 (PSQ18) to measure patients’ satisfaction with the health service. Analysis applied MANOVA and multivariate robust regression. Results: The level of ‘perceived stigma’ and ‘internal shame’ levels were not significantly different between district hospitals attendants and PCU attendants (P 〉 0.05 MANOVA). Moreover, the more patients were satisfied with the health service, the less likely to have ‘perceived stigma’ (β -5.9, 95% confidence interval -7.7 to -4.1) and ‘internal shame’ (β -5.7, 95% CI -8.3 to -3.2), P 〈 0.001). Conclusions: HIV associated stigma would be minimized through the attempt to promote PLHIV’s satisfaction with ART service. There is ample role of health professional education and training to improve patients’ satisfaction. It may contribute to the aim of zero discrimination.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3855/jidc.9461
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Observation of genotype C infected chronic hepatitis B patients in clinical practice
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 5, No. 12 ( 2011-11-17), p. 882-889
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 5, No. 12 ( 2011-11-17), p. 882-889
    Abstract: Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype C is prevalent in many areas of the world including Thailand and Southeast Asia. It is a strong risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by evidence. We aimed to describe the baseline clinical information of treatment naïve genotype C infected chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and to describe the treatment response by surrogate outcome markers in genotype C infected CHB patients after one year of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) treatment Methodology:  Thirty-four genotype C CHB patients were studied at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Bangkok, including 12 patients treated with lamivudine, 11 with telbivudine, 8 with adefovir, and 3 with entecavir. Serum HBV DNA levels, serum alanine amino transferase ( ALT ) levels, HBeAg status, and alpha-feto protein (AFP) levels were recorded at the start and after twelve months of ongoing treatment. HBV genotyping was performed by line-probe assay. Results: About half of the patients (58.8%) were HBeAg positive. Mean HBV viral load was 6.53 + 1.15 log10 copies per ml at baseline and reduced to 3.63 + 1.3 log10 copies per ml after one year of NA treatment. Serum HBV DNA levels became undetectable in 47.1 % of the patients and serum ALT was normalized in 23.5 % of the patients. Conclusion: Most of the genotype C patients were aged above 40 years. More than half of the genotype C infected patients did not achieve virological response and biochemical remission. Among the CHB patients, genotype C infected patients are a high priority group for intervention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3855/jidc.1480
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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