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  • John Wiley & Sons  (3)
  • PANGAEA  (3)
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  • 1
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    Eruption of the Håkon Mosby mud volcano recorded by the long-term observatory on mud-volcano eruptions (LOOME) between 2009 and 2010 (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Feseker, Tomas; Boetius, Antje; Wenzhöfer, Frank; Blandin, Jérome; Olu, Karine; Yoerger, Dana; Camilli, Rich; German, Christopher R; de Beer, Dirk (2014): Eruption of a deep-sea mud volcano triggers rapid sediment movement. Nature Communications, 5, 5385, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6385
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Submarine mud volcanoes are considered an important source of methane to the water column. However, the temporal variability of their fluid transport including mud and methane emissions is largely unknown. Assuming that this transport was continuous and at steady state, methane emissions were previously proposed to result from a dynamic equilibrium between upward migration and consumption at the seabed by methane-consuming microbes. Here we have investigated non-steady state situations of vigorous mud movements and their reflection in fluid flow, seabed temperature and bathymetry. Time series of pressure, temperature, pH and seafloor photography were collected by a benthic observatory (LOOME) for 431 days at the active Håkon Mosby mud volcano. These new data document eruptions, which were accompanied by pulses of hot subsurface fluids and triggered rapid sediment uplift and lateral movement, as well as emissions of free gas.
    Keywords: ESONET; European Seafloor Observatory Network
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Fluid compositions and mineralogy of precipitates from Mid Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vents at 4°48'S (2009)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The effect of volcanic activity on submarine hydrothermal systems has been well documented along fast- and intermediate-spreading centers but not from slow-spreading ridges. Indeed, volcanic eruptions are expected to be rare on slow-spreading axes. Here we report the presence of hydrothermal venting associated with extremely fresh lava flows at an elevated, apparently magmatically robust segment center on the slow-spreading southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 5°S. Three high-temperature vent fields have been recognized so far over a strike length of less than 2 km with two fields venting phase-separated, vapor-type fluids. Exit temperatures at one of the fields reach up to 407°C, at conditions of the critical point of seawater, the highest temperatures ever recorded from the seafloor. Fluid and vent field characteristics show a large variability between the vent fields, a variation that is not expected within such a limited area. We conclude from mineralogical investigations of hydrothermal precipitates that vent-fluid compositions have evolved recently from relatively oxidizing to more reducing conditions, a shift that could also be related to renewed magmatic activity in the area. Current high exit temperatures, reducing conditions, low silica contents, and high hydrogen contents in the fluids of two vent sites are consistent with a shallow magmatic source, probably related to a young volcanic eruption event nearby, in which basaltic magma is actively crystallizing. This is the first reported evidence for direct magmatic-hydrothermal interaction on a slow-spreading mid-ocean ridge.
    Keywords: DERIDGE; From Mantle to Ocean: Energy-, Material- and Life-cycles at Spreading Axes; M64/1; M64/1-114-ROV; M64/1-123-ROV; M64/1-124-GTV; M64/1-125-ROV; M64/1-130-ROV; M64/1-139-GTV; M64/1-141-ROV; M64/1-146-ROV; M68/1; M68/1-03-ROV; M68/1-07-ROV; M68/1-12-ROV; M68/1-20-ROV; MARSUED2; MARSUED3; Mephisto; Meteor (1986); Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 4-11°S; MULT; Multiple investigations; Remote operated vehicle; ROV; Shrimp_Farm; Sister_Peak; Tannenbaum; Television-Grab; TVG; Two_Boats
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    (Supplement S1) Silicon oxide and Potassium + Sodium oxide from the PACManus hydrothermal area (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University Bremen | Supplement to: Thal, Janis; Tivey, Maurice; Yoerger, Dana; Jöns, Niels; Bach, Wolfgang (2014): Geologic setting of PACManus hydrothermal area — High resolution mapping and in situ observations. Marine Geology, 355, 98-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2014.05.011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: This study presents a systematic analysis and interpretation of autonomous underwater vehicle-based microbathymetry combined with remotely operated vehicle (ROV) video recordings, rock analyses and temperaturemeasurements within the PACManus hydrothermal area located on Pual Ridge in the Bismarck Sea of eastern Manus Basin. The data obtained during research cruise Magellan-06 and So-216 provides a framework for understanding the relationship between the volcanism, tectonismand hydrothermal activity. PACManus is a submarine felsic vocanically-hosted hydrothermal area that hosts multiple vent fields locatedwithin several hundredmeters of one another but with different fluid chemistries, vent temperatures and morphologies. The total area of hydrothermal activity is estimated to be 20,279m**2. Themicrobathymetrymaps combinedwith the ROV video observations allow for precise high-resolution mapping estimates of the areal extents of hydrothermal activity.We find the distribution of hydrothermal fields in the PACManus area is primarily controlled by volcanic features that include lava domes, thick andmassive blocky lava flows, breccias and feeder dykes. Spatial variation in the permeability of local volcanic facies appears to control the distribution of venting within a field.We define a three-stage chronological sequence for the volcanic evolution of the PACManus based on lava flow morphology, sediment cover and lava SiO2 concentration. In Stage-1, sparsely to moderately porphyritic dacite lavas (68-69.8 wt.% SiO2) erupted to form domes or cryptodomes. In Stage-2, aphyric lava with slightly lower SiO2 concentrations (67.2-67.9 wt.% SiO2) formed jumbled and pillowed lava flows. In the most recent phase Stage-3, massive blocky lavaswith 69 to 72.5wt.% SiO2were erupted throughmultiple vents constructing a volcanic ridge identified as the PACManus neovolcanic zone. The transition between these stages may be gradual and related to progressive heating of a silicic magma following a recharge event of hot, mantle-derived melts.
    Keywords: 193-1188A; 193-1189A; 193-1190C; 193-1191A; BAMBUS; Bismarck Sea; CONDRILL; Date/Time of event; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Eastern Manus Basin; Electron microprobe JEOL JXA 8900R; Event label; J2-208; J2-209; J2-210; J2-211; J2-212; J2-213; J2-214; J2-216; J2-222; Joides Resolution; Latitude of event; Leg193; Location; Longitude of event; MAGELLAN-06; Manus Basin; Melville; Method/Device of event; MGLN06MV; Potassium oxide and Sodium oxide; Reference of data; Remote operated vehicle; Remote operated vehicle Jason II; ROV; ROVJ; Sample code/label; Silicon dioxide; SO166; SO166_58GTV; SO216; SO216-41-1; SO216-43-1; Sonne; Television-Grab; TVG
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 116 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Development and evolution of detachment faulting along 50 km of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 16.5°N (2015)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2014. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 15 (2014): 4692–4711, doi:10.1002/2014GC005563.
    Description: A multifaceted study of the slow spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) at 16.5°N provides new insights into detachment faulting and its evolution through time. The survey included regional multibeam bathymetry mapping, high-resolution mapping using AUV Sentry, seafloor imaging using the TowCam system, and an extensive rock-dredging program. At different times, detachment faulting was active along ∼50 km of the western flank of the study area, and may have dominated spreading on that flank for the last 5 Ma. Detachment morphologies vary and include a classic corrugated massif, noncorrugated massifs, and back-tilted ridges marking detachment breakaways. High-resolution Sentry data reveal a new detachment morphology; a low-angle, irregular surface in the regional bathymetry is shown to be a finely corrugated detachment surface (corrugation wavelength of only tens of meters and relief of just a few meters). Multiscale corrugations are observed 2–3 km from the detachment breakaway suggesting that they formed in the brittle layer, perhaps by anastomosing faults. The thin wedge of hanging wall lavas that covers a low-angle (6°) detachment footwall near its termination are intensely faulted and fissured; this deformation may be enhanced by the low angle of the emerging footwall. Active detachment faulting currently is limited to the western side of the rift valley. Nonetheless, detachment fault morphologies also are present over a large portion of the eastern flank on crust 〉2 Ma, indicating that within the last 5 Ma parts of the ridge axis have experienced periods of two-sided detachment faulting.
    Description: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant OCE-1155650.
    Description: 2015-06-05
    Keywords: Oceanic detachment faults ; AUV Sentry ; Mid-Atlantic Ridge
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
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    Geophysical modeling of collapse-prone zones at Rumble III seamount, southern Pacific Ocean, New Zealand (2014)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 14 (2013): 4667–4680, doi:10.1002/ggge.20278.
    Description: Catastrophic collapses of submarine volcanoes have the potential to generate major tsunami, threatening many coastal populations. Recognizing the difficulties surrounding anticipations of these events, quantitative assessment of collapse-prone regions based on detailed morphological, geological, and geophysical mapping can still provide important information about the hazards associated with these collapses. Rumble III is one of the shallowest, and largest, submarine volcanoes found along the Kermadec arc, and is both volcanically and hydrothermally active. Previous surveys have delineated major collapse features at Rumble III; based on time-lapse bathymetry, dramatic changes in the volcano morphology have been shown to have occurred over the interval 2007–2009. Furthermore, this volcano is located just ∼300 km from the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. Here, we present a geophysical model for Rumble III that provides the locations and sizes of potential weak regions of this volcano. Shipborne and near-seafloor geological and geophysical data collected by the AUV Sentry are used to determine the subsurface distribution of weak and unstable volcanic rocks. The resulting model provides evidence for potentially unstable areas located in the Southeastern flank of this volcano which should be included in future hazard predictions.
    Description: This contribution was funded by the Royal Society of New Zealand by theMarsden Fund (grant GNS1003).
    Description: 2014-04-18
    Keywords: Rumble III ; Geophysical modeling ; Flank collapse ; AUV mapping
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Sedimentation rates test models of oceanic detachment faulting (2015)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2014. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 41 (2014): 7080–7088, doi:10.1002/2014GL061555.
    Description: Long-lived detachment faults play an important role in the construction of new oceanic crust at slow-spreading mid-oceanic ridges. Although the corrugated surfaces of exposed low-angle faults demonstrate past slip, it is difficult to determine whether a given fault is currently active. If inactive, it is unclear when slip ceased. This judgment is crucial for tectonic reconstructions where detachment faults are present, and for models of plate spreading. We quantify variation in sediment thickness over two corrugated surfaces near 16.5°N at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge using near-bottom Compressed High Intensity Radar Pulse (CHIRP) data. We show that the distribution of sediment and tectonic features at one detachment fault is consistent with slip occurring today. In contrast, another corrugated surface 20 km to the south shows a sediment distribution suggesting that slip ceased ~150,000 years ago. Data presented here provide new evidence for active detachment faulting, and suggest along-axis variations in fault activity occur over tens of kilometers.
    Description: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant number OCE-1155650.
    Description: 2015-04-23
    Keywords: Mid-ocean ridge ; Detachment faulting
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/msword
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
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