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  • Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences  (5)
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  • Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences  (5)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Periadventitial Sirolimus-Releasing Mesh Decreased Intimal Hyperplasia in a Rabbit Model
    Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences ; 2011
    In:  Physiological Research
    Details
    In: Physiological Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Abstract: Autologous vein grafts used as aortocoronary bypasses are often prone to intimal hyperplasia, which results in stenosis and occlusion of the vein. The aim of this study was to prevent intimal hyperplasia using a newly developed perivascular system with sustained release of sirolimus. This system of controlled drug release consists of a polyester mesh coated with a copolymer of L-lactic acid and ε-caprolactone that releases sirolimus. The mesh is intended for wrapping around the vein graft during surgery. The mesh releasing sirolimus was implanted in periadventitial position onto arteria carotis communis of rabbits, and neointimal hyperplasia was then assessed. We found that implanted sirolimus-releasing meshes reduced intima thickness by 47±10 % compared to a vein graft after 3 weeks. The pure polyester mesh decreased vein intima thickness by 35±9 %. Thus, our periadventitial system for controlled release of sirolimus prevented the development of intimal hyperplasia in autologous vein grafts in vivo in rabbits. A perivascularly applied mesh releasing sirolimus is a promising device for preventing stenosis of autologous vein grafts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1802-9973 , 0862-8408
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932106
    Language: English
    Publisher: Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100162-5
    SSG: 12
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lipasin/Betatrophin Is Differentially Expressed in Liver and White Adipose Tissue Without Association With Insulin Resistance in Wistar and Goto-Kakizaki Rats
    Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences ; 2017
    In:  Physiological Research
    Details
    In: Physiological Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Abstract: Lipasin is a recently identified lipokine expressed predominantly in liver and in adipose tissue. It was linked to insulin resistance in mice and to type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D, T2D) in humans. No metabolic studies concerning lipasin were performed yet in rats. Therefore, we used rat model of T2D and insulin resistance, Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, to determine changes of lipasin expression in liver and in white adipose tissue (WAT) over 52 weeks in the relation to glucose tolerance, peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity and adiposity. GK rats were grossly glucose intolerant since the age of 6 weeks and developed peripheral insulin resistance at the age of 20 weeks. Expression of lipasin in the liver did not differ between GK and Wistar rats, declining with age, and it was not related to hepatic triacylglycerol content. In WAT, the lipasin expression was significantly higher in Wistar rats where it correlated positively with adiposity. No such correlation was found in GK rats. In conclusion, lipasin expression was associated neither with a mild age-related insulin resistance (Wistar), nor with severe genetically-based insulin resistance (GK).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1802-9973 , 0862-8408
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933339
    Language: English
    Publisher: Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100162-5
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biomarkers of Cellular Apoptosis and Necrosis in Donor Myocardium Are Not Predictive of Primary Graft Dysfunction
    Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences ; 2016
    In:  Physiological Research
    Details
    In: Physiological Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Abstract: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a life-threatening complication among heart transplant recipients and a major cause of early mortality. Although the pathogenesis of PGD is still unclear, ischemia/reperfusion injury has been identified as a predominant factor. Both necrosis and apoptosis contribute to the loss of cardiomyocytes during ischemia/reperfusion injury, and this loss of cells can ultimately lead to PGD. The aim of our prospective study was to find out whether cell death, necrosis and apoptosis markers present in the donor myocardium can predict PGD. The prospective study involved 64 consecutive patients who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation at our institute between September 2010 and January 2013. High-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) as a marker of minor myocardial necrosis was detected from arterial blood samples before the donor’s pericardium was opened. Apoptosis (caspase-3, active + pro-caspase-3, bcl-2, TUNEL) was assessed from bioptic samples taken from the right ventricle prior graft harvesting. In our study, 14 % of transplant recipients developed PGD classified according to the standardized definition proposed by the ISHLT Working Group. We did not find differences between the groups in regard to hs-cTnT serum levels. The mean hs-cTnT value for the PGD group was 57.4±22.9 ng/l, compared to 68.4±10.8 ng/l in the group without PGD. The presence and severity of apoptosis in grafted hearts did not differ between grafts without PGD and hearts that subsequently developed PGD. In conclusion, our findings did not demonstrate any association between measured myocardial cell death, necrosis or apoptosis markers in donor myocardium and PGD in allograft recipients. More detailed investigations of cell death signaling pathways in transplanted hearts are required.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1802-9973 , 0862-8408
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933105
    Language: English
    Publisher: Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100162-5
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sensitivity to Perioperative Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Male and Female Donor Myocardium
    Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences ; 2017
    In:  Physiological Research
    Details
    In: Physiological Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Abstract: Many functions of the cardiovascular apparatus are affected by gender. The aim of our study was find out whether markers of cell death present in the donor myocardium differ in male and female hearts. The study involved 81 patients undergoing heart transplantation from September 2010 to January 2013. Patients were divided into two groups: male allograft (n=49), and female allograft (n=32). Two types of myocardial cell death were analyzed. High-sensitive cardiac troponin T as a necrosis marker and protein bcl-2, caspase 3 and TUNEL as apoptosis markers were measured. We observed a significantly higher level of high-sensitive cardiac troponin T after correcting for predicted ventricular mass in female donors before transplantation as well as in the female allograft group after transplantation throughout the monitored period (P=0.011). There were no differences in apoptosis markers (bcl-2, caspase 3, TUNEL) between male and female hearts before transplantation. Both genders showed a significant increase of TUNEL-positive myocytes one week after transplantation without differences between the groups. Moreover, there were no differences in caspase 3 and bcl-2 expression between the two groups. Our results demonstrated the presence of necrotic and apoptotic cell death in human heart allografts. High-sensitive cardiac troponin T adjusted for predicted ventricular mass as a marker of myocardial necrosis was higher in female donors, and this gender difference was even more pronounced after transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1802-9973 , 0862-8408
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933514
    Language: English
    Publisher: Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100162-5
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    TGF-beta1 expression and chronic allograft nephropathy in protocol kidney graft biopsy
    Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences ; 2003
    In:  Physiological Research
    Details
    In: Physiological Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Abstract: Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) represents a frequent and irreversible cause of long-term renal graft loss. TGF-beta1 is a key profibrogenic cytokine associated with CAN pathogenesis. Because of clinical diagnostic inaccuracy, protocol biopsy has been suggested to be a beneficial method for early CAN detection. Protocol core biopsy was carried out in 67 consecutive cyclosporine-based immunosuppression-treated kidney transplant recipients with stable renal function 12 months after renal transplantation. Biopsy specimens were analyzed morphologically according to Banff-97' criteria and immunohistologically for TGF-beta1 staining. The data obtained were correlated with plasma TGF-beta1 levels and clinical data. CAN (grade I-III) was found in 51 patients (76 %). CAN grade I was found to be the most frequent one (44 %). A normal finding within the graft was made in only 12 patients (18 %). Clinically silent acute rejection Banff IA was present in 4 patients (6 %). In 8 patients (12 %) with CAN, borderline changes were present. We found a significant correlation between CAN grade and creatinine clearance, as measured by the Cockroft-Gault formula (p 〈 0.01) as well as body mass index (p 〈 0.01). There was a significant correlation between chronic vasculopathy (Banff cv) and creatinine clearance, and between the degree of TGF-beta1 staining and chronic vasculopathy (p 〈 0.01). There were no relations between morphological findings and TGF-beta1 plasma levels, cyclosporine levels, plasma lipids, HLA-mismatches, panel reactive antibodies (PRA), proteinuria, and the donor's age. In conclusion, CAN is a frequent finding in protocol kidney graft biopsies 12 months after transplantation. TGF-beta1 tissue expression is linked with chronic vasculopathy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1802-9973 , 0862-8408
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres
    DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.930308
    Language: English
    Publisher: Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100162-5
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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