Description: The forward-backward multiplicity and correlations of a target evaporated fragment (black track particle) and target recoiled proton (grey track particle) emitted from 150 A MeV 4 He, 290 A MeV 12 C, 400 A MeV 12 C, 400 A MeV 20 Ne and 500 A MeV 56 Fe induced different types of nuclear emulsion target interactions are investigated. It is found that the forward and backward averaged multiplicity of a grey, black and heavily ionized track particle increases with the increase of the target size. The averaged multiplicity of a forward black track particle, backward black track particle, and backward grey track particle do not depend on the projectile size and energy, but the averaged multiplicity of a forward grey track particle increases with an increase of projectile size and energy. The backward grey track particle multiplicity distribution follows an exponential decay law and the decay constant ...

Description: Genes, Vol. 8, Pages 259: Novel EDA or EDAR Mutations Identified in Patients with X-Linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia or Non-Syndromic Tooth Agenesis Genes doi: 10.3390/genes8100259 Authors: Binghui Zeng Qi Zhao Sijie Li Hui Lu Jiaxuan Lu Lan Ma Wei Zhao Dongsheng Yu Abstract: Both X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) and non-syndromic tooth agenesis (NSTA) result in symptoms of congenital tooth loss. This study investigated genetic causes in two families with XLHED and four families with NSTA. We screened for mutations of WNT10A, EDA, EDAR, EDARADD, PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, LRP6, and WNT10B through Sanger sequencing. Whole exome sequencing was performed for the proband of NSTA Family 4. Novel mutation c.1051G>T (p.Val351Phe) and the known mutation c.467G>A (p.Arg156His) of Ectodysplasin A (EDA) were identified in families with XLHED. Novel EDA receptor (EDAR) mutation c.73C>T (p.Arg25*), known EDA mutation c.491A>C (p.Glu164Ala), and known Wnt family member 10A (WNT10A) mutations c.511C>T (p.Arg171Cys) and c.742C>T (p.Arg248*) were identified in families with NSTA. The novel EDA and EDAR mutations were predicted as being pathogenic through bioinformatics analyses and structural modeling. Two variants of WNT10A, c.374G>A (p.Arg125Lys) and c.125A>G (p.Asn42Ser), were found in patients with NSTA. The two WNT10A variants were predicted to affect the splicing of message RNA, but minigene experiments showed normal splicing of mutated minigenes. This study uncovered the genetic foundations with respect to six families with XLHED or NSTA. We identified six mutations, of which two were novel mutations of EDA and EDAR. This is the first report of a nonsense EDAR mutation leading to NSTA.

Description: A series of numerical simulations were conducted using the process-based model XBeach to investigate dune response under normal and getting rid of infragravity wave conditions with different slopes. Erosion volume upside the dune toe and dune top recession are set as indicators for dune vulnerability as well as defence capacity for its front-beach. Results show that both dune erosion volume and dune top recession decrease with gentler dune slopes. Of all the simulation cases, dune with a face slope of 1/1 lost most sand and supplied most sand for lower-bed. The presence of infragravity waves is validated to be crucial to dune vulnerability. The dune erosion volume is shown to decrease by 44.5%∼61.5% and the dune top recession decreased by 0%∼45.5% correspondingly, in the case that infragravity motion is not taken into account during simulation for different dune slopes.

Description: Two-particle (two-fragment) azimuthal correlation functions are studied by using a simple formula which describes uniformly azimuthal distributions of final-state charged particles and nuclear fragments. This formula is obtained in the framework of a multi-source thermal model (or multi-source ideal gas model). The calculated results are compared and found to be in agreement with the experimental data of charged hadrons and nuclear fragments in nucleus-nucleus collisions at intermediate and high energies.

Description: After the predatory primitive accumulation of development, the world development target is turn to the sustainable development. This paper aims to develop a sustainable development plan to create a sustainable world. A sustainable development model is constructed based on AHP, and the Index System of Sustainable development is designed. In terms of analysis about sustainability of policy, we chose Talent Policy combining with three Sustainable Indexes. When a country’s comprehensive evaluation index is greater than 0.60, we define that country is sustainable. Therefore, the model in this question can state when and how a country is sustainable development. By using the model and study to determine the degree of Burmese sustainability development, we consider the Grey Forecast Model to analyse the changes population, natural resources(as water resources), economics, social and political environment. Therefore, the environment factors are negative to Myanmar’s sustainable developm...

Description: Genes, Vol. 8, Pages 400: Structural Characterization and Association of Ovine Dickkopf-1 Gene with Wool Production and Quality Traits in Chinese Merino Genes doi: 10.3390/genes8120400 Authors: Fang Mu Enguang Rong Yang Jing Hua Yang Guangwei Ma Xiaohong Yan Zhipeng Wang Yumao Li Hui Li Ning Wang Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is an inhibitor of canonical Wnt signaling pathway and regulates hair follicle morphogenesis and cycling. To investigate the potential involvement of DKK1 in wool production and quality traits, we characterized the genomic structure of ovine DKK1, performed polymorphism detection and association analysis of ovine DKK1 with wool production and quality traits in Chinese Merino. Our results showed that ovine DKK1 consists of four exons and three introns, which encodes a protein of 262 amino acids. The coding sequence of ovine DKK1 and its deduced amino acid sequence were highly conserved in mammals. Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified within the ovine DKK1 genomic region. Gene-wide association analysis showed that SNP5 was significantly associated with mean fiber diameter (MFD) in the B (selected for long wool fiber and high-quality wool), PW (selected for high reproductive capacity, high clean wool yield and high-quality wool) and U (selected for long wool fiber with good uniformity, high wool yield and lower fiber diameter) strains (p < 4.55 × 10−3 = 0.05/11). Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms wide association analysis showed that SNP8 was significantly associated with MFD in A strain and fleece weight in A (selected for large body size), PM (selected for large body size, high reproductive capacity and high meat yield) and SF (selected for mean fiber diameter less than 18 μm and wool fiber length between 5 and 9 cm) strains (p < 0.05), SNP9 was significantly associated with curvature in B and U strains (p < 0.05) and SNP10 was significantly associated with coefficient of variation of fiber diameter in A, PW and PM strains and standard deviation of fiber diameter in A and PM strains (p < 0.05). The haplotypes derived from these 11 identified SNPs were significantly associated with MFD (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that DKK1 may be a major gene controlling wool production and quality traits, also the identified SNPs (SNPs5, 8, 9 and 10) might be used as potential molecular markers for improving sheep wool production and quality in sheep breeding.

Description: Today, the study of shear strength of unsaturated soils has become a hot topic in unsaturated soil mechanics research. There are any number of factors affecting the strength of unsaturated soils. Among these factors, the moisture content has the most significant effect on the shear strength. In this paper, unsaturated loess in Xining is taken as the research object, the triaxial test without consolidation and undrain is used to determine the shear strength and its parameters under the condition of different water content, then the relationship between unsaturated loess’ water content and shear strength parameters is explored, and curve fitting is performed. The relevantily approximate mathematics formulas are obtained. The study can provide strength parameter for slope stability and foundation pit support in Xining.

Description: In order to study the dynamic characteristics of unsaturated loess in Xining area, this paper use GDS dynamic triaxial apparatus conduct the dynamic triaxial test indoor, the effects of different vibration times, water content and consolidation ratio on the hysteresis loop, dynamic elastic modulus and axial strain of unsaturated loess in Xining area were studied. The results show that: when the vibration times increase, the hysteresis loop from strain axis left moves to right and from sparse become tight; The higher moisture content and consolidation ratio, the hysteresis loop is nearer to large strain direction; With the increase of moisture content, the dynamic elastic modulus decreases of unsaturated loess, and the axial strain increases; With the increase of consolidation ratio, the dynamic elastic modulus and axial strain also increases. The dynamic elastic modulus and consolidation ratio have the same features of increase or decrease, axial strain, moisture content and con...

Description: Multi-frequency high frequency radar with small circular array was deployed in Zhujiajian and Shengshan to detect the winds, waves, and currents in the overlapping area operationally in 2007. No. 1509 typhoon Chan-hom landed in the coastal areas of Jujiajian, and then moved north by east, passing the radar detection area. This paper compared the radar observed data to anchored-buoy observed data and ASCAT satellite remote sensing large area wind data respectively. The results of comparison indicated that radar basically reflected the real distribution of wind and current of Zhoushan area during typhoon Chan-hom, showing the radar is qualified to detect the winds and currents under complex marine conditions.

Description: This paper addresses the problem of water extraction from high resolution remote sensing images (including R, G, B, and NIR channels), which draws considerable attention in recent years. Previous work on water extraction mainly faced two difficulties. 1) It is difficult to obtain accurate position of water boundary because of using low resolution images. 2) Like all other image based object classification problems, the phenomena of "different objects same image" or "different images same object" affects the water extraction. Shadow of elevated objects (e.g. buildings, bridges, towers and trees) scattered in the remote sensing image is a typical noise objects for water extraction. In many cases, it is difficult to discriminate between water and shadow in a remote sensing image, especially in the urban region. We propose a water extraction method with two hierarchies: the statistical feature of spectral characteristic based on image segmentation and the shape feature based on shad...