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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 1006-1008 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Butterfly ; neotropical ; Heliconius pachinus ; fourteen-membered lactone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A fourteen-membered lactone,(R)-(Z,E)-9,11-octadecadien-13-olide, was isolated from extruded abdominal glands of a Neotropical, nymphalid butterfly,Heliconius pachinus (Lepidoptera). This compound was obtained from mature adults of both sexes, but was not detected in young adults or pupae.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 150-156 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Cell death ; juvenile hormone ; endocrine mutants ; diapause
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The histolysis of larval fat body cells in adult femaleDrosophila melanogaster was examined in wild type and mutant animals. The fat body cells of wild type (Canton-S),apterous 56f homozygotes,apterous 78jts homozygotes and heterozygotes,apterous 4/+, ecdysoneless1 homozygotes and heterozygotes all underwent histolysis normally during the 72 h following adult eclosion. Only in the case ofap 4/ap4 adults did the cells fail to histolyze normally. The fat body cells of both diapausing and non-diapausing wild type females underwent histolysis at the same rate. Attempts to demonstrate histolysis in vitro were unsuccessful, even in the presence of juvenile hormones (JHs), larval ring glands, or adult ovaries. In all strains other than theap 4 homozygotes, a significant proportion of larval fat body cells were dead at any time while theap 4/ap4 animals, almost all cells remained viable. It is postulated that fat body cell lysis following eclosion is not a JH-mediated event, but is elicited by an as yet unidentified factor(s), possibly originating in the ovary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 68 (1986), S. 161-167 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Pollen dispersal by male and female Heliconius butterflies and hermit hummingbirds was examined in a natural population of the tropical vine Psiguria warscewiczii. Fluorescent dyes were used to track flowers visited by individual pollinators. Mean distance of pollen dispersal was significantly higher by males than by female Heliconius. Butterflies dispersed pollen greater distances than did hummingbirds. There were no significant differences in dispersal distance among species of Heliconius. The number of flowers or plants to which dye was dispersed was greater for Heliconius than for hummingbirds. The home range behavior and site specificity exhibited by Heliconius, together with the preference by most Heliconius species in the study site for Psiguria led us to examine the relationship between the butterflies' home range and its daily foraging among Psiguria. A Heliconius mark-recapture program was conducted simultaneously with the dye program. This study showed that individual butterflies, for which extensive recaptures were made, visited an area of Psiguria plants on any one day that corresponded to the area in which those butterflies were caught or observed. The area over which a butterfly moved was termed its home range; within home ranges relative movement by butterflies was estimated as the mean distance between sequential captures. This estimate differed significantly among species of Heliconius; males of all species moving greater distances than females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 93 (1987), S. 47-62 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Fourier transform infrared spectrometry ; chromatography ; interfacing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Most previous interfaces between a Chromatograph and an FT-IR spectrometer have been applicable to only one type of chromatograph-gas, liquid, or supercritical fluid. In this paper, the similarities and differences between various chromatography/FT-IR interfaces are described, and an interface which should be equally applicable to all three types of chromatography is proposed. In each case, the mobile phase is eliminated while the eluting components are condensed in a small area on a moving substrate. The spectra are then measured using an FT-IR microscope. The methods by which the mobile phase is eliminated depend on the nature of the chromatography, while the infrared sampling technique is determined by the nature of the substrate. The relative merits of transmission, reflection-absorption, diffuse reflection, and diffuse transmission spectrometry are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 393-394 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three methods of separating antibody-bound ligand from free ligand were compared for an ecdysteroid radioimmunoassay. Ecdysteroid antibody concentration and ligand specific radioactivity were adjusted to measure 2 ranges of ecdysone concentrations (0.01–2.0 ng and 0.25–32.0 ng). In comparison with the tradiotional separating agent, ammonium sulfate, neither protein A nor polyethylene glycol altered sensitivity or specificity of the radioimmunoassays. The protein A immunoglobulin precipitation method is quick and simple, making it a preferred alternative protocol for terminating ecdysteroid radioimmunoassays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Molting hormone ; 3-dehydroecdysone ; 3-oxoecdysteroid 3β-reductase ; ecdysteroid ; prothoracic glands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The prothoracic glands of a variety of insects were tested for their ability to synthesize ecdysteroids in vitro. More specifically, they were evaluated for their ability to produce 3-dehydroecdysone and ecdysone using both radioimmunoassay and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Three categories of insect prothoracic glands were noted: a) those producing much more 3-dehydroecdysone than ecdysone; b) glands synthesizing almost equivalent amounts of each of these two ecdysteroids; c) prothoracic glands that yielded more ecdysone than 3-dehydroecdysone. In addition, the 3-oxoecdysteroid 3β-reductase activity of the hemolymph of these insects was evaluated for its ability to convert 3-dehydroecdysone to ecdysone. The lepidopteran species tested yielded the most potent enzyme activity, although activity was demonstrated in members of other orders. These data indicate that the dehydroecdysone-ecdysone axis is not restricted to moths and butterflies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 18 (1962), S. 14-15 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Extraktstoffe vonH. cecropia, S. cynthia undR. orizaba zeigten antibakterielle Wirkung gegenüber mehreren Mikroorganismen. Ein schwächerer Effekt wurde auch mit den Extraktstoffen vonGalleria mellonella, adulten Männchen vonCynthia- und vonCecropia-Puppen beobachtet. Die antimikrobielle Aktivität wurde mit dem Fettsäureanteil der Extraktstoffe in Beziehung gesetzt und von der Wirkung des Juvenilhormons abgegrenzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 39 (1983), S. 984-988 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The kinetics of prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) activation of pupal prothoracic glands (PG) of the cabbage army worm,Mamestra brassicae, and silkworm,Bombyx mori, were determined in vitro. Activation was assessed by comparing the increase in the rate of ecdysone synthesis by one member of a PG pair incubated with a PTTH preparation from pupal brains with the basal rate of synthesis of the other PG incubated without PTTH. A time course of ecdysone synthesis revealed thatBombyx PTTH extract activatedBombyx PG, andMamestra PTTH extract activatedMamestra PG. Dose responses of activation ofBombyx andMamestra PG by their respective PTTH were saturable and were indicative of neurohormonal activation. TheBombyx PG were half-maximally activated (A50) by far less PTTH thanMamestra PG, 0.34 and 0.91 brain equivalents, respectively. Heterologous dose response of activation studies, in which PTTH and PG fromMamestra, Bombyx and the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta, were assayed for interspecific PG sensitivity and PTTH specificity, revealed cross-reactivity among the three PTTH-PG axes, withManduca PG being more sensitive to the PTTH of the other species andBombyx PTTH being the most effective in activating the PG of the other two species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 1063-1066 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Juvenile hormone ; corpus allatum ; prothoracic gland ; dipteran endocrinology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Juvenile hormone bisepoxide (JHB3) and juvenile hormone III (JH III) both inhibited the in vitro production of ecdysteroids by ring glands and brain-ring gland complexes from third instar post-feeding larvae ofDrosophila melanogaster in a reversible manner, although JHB3 had greater efficacy. The JH III and JHB3 precursor, methyl farnesoate, did not affect ecdysteroid production. The in vitro synthesis of total detectable JH (JHB3+JH III+methyl farnesoate) by the corpus allatum portion of the isolated ring gland was also inhibited reversibly in the presence of exogenous JHB3 and JH III, but not by methyl farnesoate. These data indicating negative feedback are in agreement with the accepted dogma of endocrine gland regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 6 (1978), S. 269-276 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunofluorescence tests indicate that alloantibodies specific for mouse histocompatibility antigens H-1a, H-3a, and H-13a have been produced, using four different immunizations. Furthermore, an immunization employing donors and recipients which were H-2k at the MHC produced stronger anti-H-3a and anti-H-13a than did immunizations where donors and recipients were H-2b at the MHC.
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