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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial induction and inhibition of a fast mecrotic response in Gracilaria conferta (Rhodophyta) (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 9 (1997), S. 277-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: cefotaxim ; epiphytic bacteria ; Gracilaria ; seaweed-microbe interactions ; seaweed pathology ; Vancomycin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Of 45 bacterial isolates from healthy tips of Gracilaria conferta (Schousboe ex Montagne) J. et G. Feldmann, 29% were identified as ‘conditional inducers’ of an apical necrosis. That is, the isolates induced necrotic tips in G. conferta within 16 h after elimination of most of the resident microflora from the alga. Several disinfectants and antibiotics were screened for their ability to induce algal susceptibility to the bacteria and to suppress uncontrolled appearance of tip necrosis. Treatment with 100 mg L-1 Cefotaxim + 100 mg L-1Vancomycin over three days was the least damaging and most efficient. Tip necrosis was related to isolates of the Corynebacterium-Arthrobacter-group and to the Flavobacterium-Cytophaga-group. The damaging effect occurred due to the bacterial excretion of active agents and was not correlated with acapability to degrade agar. The damaging influence of four Cytophaga-likestrains was inhibited by 20 of 40 isolates. This protective effect was caused by very different organisms. In five of six cases examined further, the effect was not cellbound, but due to the excretion of agents. These were not antimicrobially active, but inactivated necrosis-inducing excretions. These results indicate that epiphytic bacterial degradation or inactivation of damaging agents is a protecting factor in Gracilaria, which prevents the alga from being harmed by epiphytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007990712925
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Vertical distribution and activity of bacteria in the Central Arabian Sea (1991)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-07
    Description: During the RV "Meteor" expedition in the Central Arabian Sea (MINDIK 87) the vertical distribution of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, bacterial abundance, heterotrophic activity for glucose and the bacterial production determined by [3H-methyl]-thymidine incorporation were surveyed. At the time of observation (April-May) the study area was characterized by a stable pycnocline at 35 m and a nutricline at 50 to 55 m depth. Maxima for all biomass measurements were observed in the nutricline, whereas highest rates were detected in the nutrient-depleted surface layer above the nutricline. Based on these hydrographic conditions, a double vertical zonation was established also for microbiological and planktological events in the water column. The integrated bacterial production in the mixed surface layer (0-30 m) was half that in the layer underneath (30-100 m). This upper zone can be considered as a more or less closed sub-system and a significant amount of primary production (approximately 30 %) was channelled through the bacteria. Corresponding to the higher biomass in the lower zone the turnover of organic material was somewhat slower. This observation together with the presence of nutrients in the chemocline indicated a subsystem of more open character for exchange processes with underlying waters.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
  • 3
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    Seasonal variation in bacterial activity in the near-bottom water layer of Kiel Bight (Western Baltic Sea) (1991)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-03
    Description: The near-bottom water layer is influenced by events in the sediment and by sedimentation from the productive surface layer. Microbial activity in this layer shows occasionally strong gradients from the pycnocline down to the sediment and it reacts to seasonal variations in oxygen content in the adjacent to the sediment. Comparison of mean values of bacterial stock and activity parameters in the productive surface layer and in the near-bottom layer shows, that despite of similar patterns of bacterial biomass and bacterial production in both layers, uptake velocity of leucine, peptidase activity, as well as turnover rates of leucine and hydrolysis rates of peptides are considerably lower in the near-bottom water layer. This is explained by effects of temperature, nutrient quality and oxygen depletion.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
  • 4
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    Bacterial induction and inhibition of a fast necrotic response in Gracilaria conferta (Rhodophyta) (1997)
    Springer
    In:  Journal of Applied Phycology, 9 (3). pp. 277-285.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-01
    Description: Of 45 bacterial isolates from healthy tips of Gracilaria conferta (Schousboe ex Montagne) J. et G. Feldmann, 29% were identified as 'conditional inducers' of an apical necrosis. That is, the isolates induced necrotic tips in G. conferta within 16 h after elimination of most of the resident microflora from the alga. Several disinfectants and antibiotics were screened for their ability to induce algal susceptibility to the bacteria and to suppress uncontrolled appearance of tip necrosis. Treatment with 100 mg L-1 Cefotaxim + 100 mg L-1 Vancomycin over three days was the least damaging and most efficient. Tip necrosis was related to isolates of the Corynebacterium-Arthrobacter-group and to the Flavobacterium-Cytophaga-group. The damaging effect occurred due to the bacterial excretion of active agents and was not correlated with a capability to degrade agar. The damaging influence of four Cytophaga-like strains was inhibited by 20 of 40 isolates. This protective effect was caused by very different organisms. In five of six cases examined further, the effect was not cellbound, but due to the excretion of agents. These were not antimicrobially active, but inactivated necrosis-inducing excretions. These results indicate that epiphytic bacterial degradation or inactivation of damaging agents is a protecting factor in Gracilaria, which prevents the alga from being harmed by epiphytes.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1007990712925
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Bio-C-Flux : biologischer Kohlenstofffluß in der bodennahen Wasserschicht des küstenfernen Ozeans ; Schlußbericht für den Förderzeitraum 1.1.1990 - 31.12.1994 (1995)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 280 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 114 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-18
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3289/ifm_ber_280
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 6
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    Auswirkungen von Salzgehalts- und Temperaturänderungen auf die extrazelluläre Enzymaktivität marin-pelagischer Mikroorganismen (1985)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 145 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 55 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3289/ifm_ber_145
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 7
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    Taxonomische Untersuchungen an Hefen aus der westlichen Ostsee (1972)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-05
    Description: In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird zur Ergänzung der quantitativen Bestandsaufnahme (HOPPE 1972) eine taxonomische Übersicht über die im Bereich der westlichen Ostsee vorkommenden Hefen gegeben. Rhodotorula-, Debaryomyces- und Candida-Arten wurden in diesem Areal besonders häufig registriert. In dem Vorfluter für städtische Abwässer bei Bülk (Kieler Bucht) geht der Hefegehalt der Abwasserfahne mit zunehmender Küstenentfernung stark zurück. Dagegen erhöht sich der Anteil roter Hefen und relativ anspruchsloser Organismen an der gesamten Hefeflora beständig. In the present investigation, completing the quantitative record (HOPPE 1972), a taxonomic survey of the yeasts found in the western Baltic Sea is given. Rhodotorula-, Debaryomyces- and Candida-species were especially frequently registered in this area. At the sewage outlet for city waste-effluent at Bülk (Bay ofKiel), the yeast content of the waste water stream decreases, the greater the distance from the shore. On the other hand, the percentage of red yeasts and relatively unpretentious organisms of the total yeast flora continuously increases.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Untersuchungen zur Ökologie der Hefen im Bereich der westlichen Ostsee (1972)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-05
    Description: In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird eine erste Bestandsaufnahme der quantitativen Hefeverteilung in der westlichen Ostsee gegeben. Zur Begründung der gefundenen zeitlichen und räumlichen Hefeverteilung werden verschiedene biotische und abiotische Faktoren untersucht. Es ergab sich eine starke Abhängigkeit von der jeweils vorherrschenden hydrographischen Situation, der Temperatur und dem Nährstoffgehalt des Ostseewassers. Die Frühjahrs- und Herbstmaxima der Hefeentwicklung traten in der Kieler Förde vor den vergleichsweise ermittelten Maxima der Bakterienzahlen auf. Mit zunehmender Küstenentfernung nimmt die „Biomasse" der Hefen stärker ab als die der Bakterien, im Durchschnitt wird eine Relation von 1 : 124 erreicht. In steril filtriertem Ostseewasser entstand und überlebte eine größere Zellzahl bei niedrigen Temperaturen (4°C, 12°C) als bei höheren Temperaturen (20°C, 25°C) (Rhodotorula-Stamm). Zur ersten Orientierung wurde die Generationszeit des Rhodotorula-Stammes H 25 in Ostseewasser durch eine kontinuierliche Kultur annäherungsweise ermittelt. Sie betrug 178 Stunden (25°C) bei einer Zelldichte von 5020 Zellen/ml und 263 Stunden (12°C) bei einer Zelldichte von 23800 Zellen/ml.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Competition in the uptake of methylamine / ammonium by phytoplankton and bacteria (1981)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-24
    Description: 14C and 3H methylamine, ammonium analogues, were used to study the competitive NH4+ uptake by cultured and natural phytoplankton and bacteria populations. The tracer experiments, performed by liquid scintillation techniques and microautoradiography, give evidence of competitive NH4+ uptake by bacteria and phytoplankton in oligotrophic and mesotrophic waters of the Baltic Sea. In eutrophic waters the uptake of the ammonium analogue was low especially for bacteria. Decreasing light intensity increased the methylamine uptake by bacteria compared to phytoplankton. Bacteria, competing with phytoplankton for dissolved ammonia in oligotrophic Baltic water, apparently do not play an important role in nitrogen remineralization. The significance of other decomposers is discussed.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
  • 10
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    Untersuchungen zur Analyse mariner Bakterienpopulationen mit einer autoradiographischen Methode (1974)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-17
    Description: Untersuchungen über die Zusammensetzung aquatischer Bakterienpopulationen hinsichtlich ihrer Fähigkeit zur Verwertung verschiedener Kohlenstoffquellen sind bisher wenig durchgeführt worden, da es an adäquaten Methoden mangelt. Es wird eine kombinierte Methode mit 14C-markierten Substraten, Nährkartonscheiben, Membranfiltern und Autoradiographie beschrieben, mit der verschiedene physiologische Gruppen erfaßt werden können. Kolonien mit besonderen Eigenschaften (z. B. Phenol oder DDT-Abbauer) können leicht identifiziert und isoliert werden. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse zeigen, daß einige der getesteten Substrate (Glucose, Asparaginsäure, Acetat) stets von fast allen Saprophyten aufgenommen werden können, während die Aufnahme anderer (z. B. Xylose, Lactose, Harnsäure, Phenol, Riboflavin, Fett) sowohl jahreszeitlich bedingte als auch von der Verschmutzung und Küstenentfernung abhängige Fluktuationen aufweist. Von dem größeren Spektrum der Nährstoffverwertung durch Bakterien in Küstengewässern kann eine schnelle Adaptation an Abwasserinhaltsstoffe erwartet werden, während in küstenferneren Gebieten entsprechende Populationen nur sehr schwach vertreten sind. Investigations on the composition of aquatic bacterial populations in respect of their nutritional requirements have been rarely made because of the lack of adequate methods. A combined method using 14C-marked substrates, nutrient pads, membrane filters and autoradiography is described, which enables one to differentiate the physiological groups of bacteria. Colonies with special properties (e.g. degradation of phenol or DDT) can easily be identified and isolated. The preliminary results show that some of the test substrates (glucose, aspartic acid, acetate) can always be taken up by most of the bacteria. Others (e.g. xylose, lactose, uric acid, phenol, riboflavin, fat) show seasonal and environmental fluctuations. The wide spectrum of nutritional requirements of bacterial populations in coastal reagions may lead to a quick adaption to sewage compounds, while in offshore regions the corresponding populations are rather small.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
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