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  • 1
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    Crustal structure and kinematics of the TAMMAR propagating rift system on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from seismic refraction and satellite altimetry gravity (2016)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  Geophysical Journal International, 206 (2). pp. 1382-1397.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The TAMMAR segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge forms a classic propagating system centred about two degrees south of the Kane Fracture Zone. The segment is propagating to the south at a rate of 14 mm yr−1, 15 per cent faster than the half-spreading rate. Here, we use seismic refraction data across the propagating rift, sheared zone and failed rift to investigate the crustal structure of the system. Inversion of the seismic data agrees remarkably well with crustal thicknesses determined from gravity modelling. We show that the crust is thickened beneath the highly magmatic propagating rift, reaching a maximum thickness of almost 8 km along the seismic line and an inferred (from gravity) thickness of about 9 km at its centre. In contrast, the crust in the sheared zone is mostly 4.5–6.5 km thick, averaging over 1 km thinner than normal oceanic crust, and reaching a minimum thickness of only 3.5 km in its NW corner. Along the seismic line, it reaches a minimum thickness of under 5 km. The PmP reflection beneath the sheared zone and failed rift is very weak or absent, suggesting serpentinisation beneath the Moho, and thus effective transport of water through the sheared zone crust. We ascribe this increased porosity in the sheared zone to extensive fracturing and faulting during deformation. We show that a bookshelf-faulting kinematic model predicts significantly more crustal thinning than is observed, suggesting that an additional mechanism of deformation is required. We therefore propose that deformation is partitioned between bookshelf faulting and simple shear, with no more than 60 per cent taken up by bookshelf faulting.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggw219
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    SMART Cables Observing the Oceans and Earth (2022)
    Ingenta
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-09
    Description: The Joint Task Force, Science Monitoring And Reliable Telecommunications (SMART) Subsea Cables is working to integrate environmental sensors (temperature, pressure, seismic acceleration) into submarine telecommunications cables. This will support climate and ocean observation, sea-level monitoring, observations of Earth structure, tsunami and earthquake early warning, and disaster risk reduction. Recent advances include regional SMART pilot systems that are the initial steps to trans-ocean and global implementation. Building on the OceanObs'19conference and community white paper (https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00424), this paper presents an overview of the initiative and a description of ongoing projects including: InSea wet demonstration project off Sicily; Vanuatu and New Caledonia; Indonesia; CAM-2 ring system connecting the Portuguese mainland, Azores, and Madeira; New Zealand; and Antarctica. In addition to the diverse scientific and societal benefits, the telecommunications industry's mission of societal connectivity will also benefit because environmental awareness improves both individual cable system integrity and the resilience of the overall global communications network.
    Description: Published
    Description: 13-25
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: SMART sensors; earthquake early warning; seafloor sensing; telecommunication cables; tsunami detection ; SMART cables
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
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