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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Endoscopic Management of Foreign Bodies in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract of Adults
    Hindawi Limited ; 2015
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2015 ( 2015), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2015 ( 2015), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Background . Foreign object ingestion and food bolus impaction are a common clinical problem. We report our clinical experiences in endoscopic management for adults, foreign body ingestion, and food bolus impaction. Method . A retrospective chart review study was conducted on adult patients with foreign body ingestion and food bolus impaction between January 2011 and November 2014. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded. Results . A total of 198 patients (226 incidents) were included in the study (male/female: 1.54/1; age 57 ± 16 years). Among them, 168 foreign bodies were found successfully (74.3%). 75.6% of the foreign bodies were located in the esophagus. Food bolus impaction was most common (41.6%). 93.5% of foreign bodies in current study cohort were successfully extracted and 5 patients required surgical interventions. Comparisons between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients revealed that locations of foreign bodies in the pharynx and esophagus were the significant relevant factors ( P 〈 0.001 ). Shorter time taken to initiate endoscopic interventions increased detection rate (289.75 ± 465.94 versus 471.06 ± 659.93 minutes, P = 0.028 ). Conclusion . Endoscopic management is a safe and highly effective procedure in extracting foreign body ingestion and food bolus impaction. Prompt endoscopic interventions can increase the chance of successful foreign bodies’ detection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2015/658602
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Device Modeling of the Performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 Solar Cells with V-Shaped Bandgap Profiles
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Photoenergy Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: International Journal of Photoenergy, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Abstract: The effect of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) with V-shaped bandgap on device performance is investigated in detail. A series of Ga/(In+Ga) ratio are set to study the influence of V-shaped bandgap profile on the electricity of CIGS thin film solar cells. The modeling of device current density-voltage (J-V) curve and bandgap grading profile corresponded well to measurement results. Detailed characteristic and modeling results show that an increased gradient of bandgap from valley to the buffer layer CdS will result in a barrier and lead to an enhanced recombination in the valley. This phenomenon can be modified by the back electric field resulting from a gradient bandgap from valley (bandgap minimum) to the Mo back contact. These results indicate CIGS-based solar cells can achieve higher performance by optimizing the V-shaped bandgap profile.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1110-662X , 1687-529X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/186579
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028941-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemical Constituents from the Fruits of Forsythia suspensa and Their Antimicrobial Activity
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Lignans and phenylethanoid glycosides purified from Forsythia suspensa were reported to display various bioactivities in the previous literature, including the antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the present research is aimed to purify and identify the chemical constituents of the methanol extracts of fruits of F. suspensa . The methanol extracts of fruits of F. suspensa were fractionated and further purified with the assistance of column chromatography to afford totally thirty-four compounds. Among these isolates, 3 β -acetoxy-20 α -hydroxyursan-28-oic acid ( 1 ) was reported from the natural sources for the first time. Some of the purified principles were subjected to the antimicrobial activity examinations against Escherichia coli to explore new natural lead compounds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/304830
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhanced Antifungal Bioactivity of Coptis Rhizome Prepared by Ultrafining Technology
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Nanomaterials Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Journal of Nanomaterials, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the bioactive constituents in the methanol extracts of Coptis Rhizome prepared by ultrafining technology. The indicator compound was identified by spectroscopic method and its purity was determined by HPLC. Moreover, the crude extracts and indicator compound were examined for their ability to inhibit the growth of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG-4 on potato dextrose agar plates. The indicator compound is a potential candidate as a new plant derived pesticide to control Rhizoctonia damping-off in vegetable seedlings. In addition, the extracts of Coptis Rhizome prepared by ultrafining technology displayed higher contents of indicator compound; they not only improve their bioactivity but also reduce the amount of the pharmaceuticals required and, thereby, decrease the environmental degradation associated with the harvesting of the raw products.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-4110 , 1687-4129
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/262454
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2229480-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Solanum lyratum Extracts Induce Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Apoptosis in WEHI-3 Murine Leukemia Cells and Inhibit Allograft Tumor
    Hindawi Limited ; 2012
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-13
    Abstract: We investigated the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle arrest and apoptotic death induced by Solanum lyratum extracts (SLE) or diosgenin in WEHI-3 murine leukemia cells in vitro and antitumor activity in vivo . Diosgenin is one of the components of SLE. Our study showed that SLE and diosgenin decreased the viable WEHI-3 cells and induced G 0 / G 1 phase arrest and apoptosis in concentration- or time-dependent manners. Both reagents increased the levels of ROS production and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential ( Δ Ψ m ). SLE- and diosgenin-triggered apoptosis is mediated through modulating the extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways. Intriguingly, the p53 inhibitor (pifithrin-α), anti-Fas ligand (FasL) mAb, and specific inhibitors of caspase-8 (z-IETD-fmk), caspase-9 (z-LEHD-fmk), and caspase-3 (z-DEVD-fmk) blocked SLE- and diosgenin-reduced cell viability of WEHI-3 cells. The in vivo study demonstrated that SLE has marked antitumor efficacy against tumors in the WEHI-3 cell allograft model. In conclusion, SLE- and diosgenin-induced G 0 / G 1 phase arrest and triggered extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways via p53 activation in WEHI-3 cells. SLE also exhibited antitumor activity in vivo . Our findings showed that SLE may be potentially efficacious in the treatment of leukemia in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2012/254960
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    NBM-T-L-BMX-OS01, Semisynthesized from Osthole, Is a Novel Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase and Enhances Learning and Memory in Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-18
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-18
    Abstract: NBM-T-L-BMX-OS01 (BMX) was derived from the semisynthesis of osthole, isolated from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss., and was identified to be a potent inhibitor of HDAC8. This study shows that HDAC8 is highly expressed in the pancreas and the brain. The function of HDAC8 in the brain has not been adequately studied. Because BMX enhances neurite outgrowth and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation, the effect of BMX on neural plasticity such as learning and memory is examined. To examine declarative and nondeclarative memory, a water maze, a passive one-way avoidance task, and a novel object recognition task were performed. Results from the water maze revealed that BMX and suberoylanilide-hydroxamic-acid-(SAHA-) treated rats showed shorter escape latency in finding the hidden platform. The BMX-treated animals spent more time in the target quadrant in the probe trial performance. An analysis of the passive one-way avoidance results showed that the BMX-treated animals stayed longer in the illuminated chamber by 1 day and 7 days after footshock. The novel object recognition task revealed that the BMX-treated animals showed a marked increase in the time spent exploring novel objects. Furthermore, BMX ameliorates scopolamine-(Sco-) induced learning and memory impairment in animals, indicating a novel role of BMX in learning and memory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/514908
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Feasibility of Radial Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Bronchoscopic Cryobiopsy without Fluoroscopy for Lung Parenchymal Lesions
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Canadian Respiratory Journal Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-5
    Details
    In: Canadian Respiratory Journal, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-5
    Abstract: Background . Cryobiopsy is used to biopsy peripheral lung lesions through flexible bronchoscopy with fluoroscopic guidance. However, fluoroscopy is not available at some institutions. This study evaluated the feasibility of radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided bronchoscopic cryobiopsy without fluoroscopy. Methods . This retrospective study was conducted at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou branch, in Taiwan. This study enrolled patients who received bronchoscopy examinations with cryotechnology between July 2014 and June 2016. The data were collected through medical chart review. Results . During the study period, 101 patients underwent bronchoscopy examinations with cryotechnology. Ninety patients with endobronchial tumors were excluded from this study. Eleven patients who underwent radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided bronchoscopic cryobiopsy for lung parenchymal lesions were enrolled into this study. The mean age was 61.1 ± 13.8 years. Five patients were men, and the other six were women. The number of cryobiopsies ranged from 1 to 3. In the histological biopsies, the mean specimen diameter was 0.53 ± 0.23 cm, and the mean biopsy area was 0.20 ± 0.19 cm 2 . Nine of 11 patients had pathological diagnoses. No complications, including pneumothorax, respiratory failure, or major bleeding, were recorded after the procedure. Conclusions . Endobronchial ultrasound is used to ensure biopsy location, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided cryobiopsy is a feasible technique to biopsy peripheral lung lesions in selected cases at institutions without fluoroscopy equipment. This study provided some rationale for further studies examining the impact of fluoroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1198-2241 , 1916-7245
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/7170687
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2207107-6
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Garlic Oil Alleviates MAPKs- and IL-6-mediated Diabetes-related Cardiac Hypertrophy in STZ-induced DM Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2011
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2011 ( 2011), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2011 ( 2011), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Garlic oil has been reported to protect the cardiovascular system; however, the effects and mechanisms behind the cardioprotection of garlic oil on diabetes-induced cardiaomyopathy are unclear. In this study, we used streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats to investigate whether garlic oil could protect the heart from diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy. Wistar STZ-induced diabetic rats received garlic oil (0, 10, 50 or 100 mg kg −1 body weight) by gastric gavage every 2 days for 16 days. Normal rats without diabetes were used as control. Cardiac contractile dysfunction and cardiac pathologic hypertrophy responses were observed in diabetic rat hearts. Cardiac function was examined using echocardiography. In addition to cardiac hypertrophy-related mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways (e.g., p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and extracellularly responsive kinase (ERK1/2)), the IL-6/MEK5/ERK5 signaling pathway was greatly activated in the diabetic rat hearts, which contributes to the up-regulation of cardiac pathologic hypertrophy markers including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and leads to cardiac contractile dysfunction. Garlic oil treatment significantly inhibited the up-regulation in MAPK (e.g., p38, JNK and ERK1/2) and IL-6/MEK5/ERK5 signaling pathways in the diabetic rat hearts, reducing the levels of cardiac pathologic hypertrophy markers such as ANP and BNP, and improving the cardiac contractile function. Collectively, data from these studies demonstrate that garlic oil shows the potential cardioprotective effects for protecting heart from diabetic cardiomyopathy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neq075
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Current Pharmacological Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Gastroenterology Research and Practice Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-12
    Details
    In: Gastroenterology Research and Practice, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-12
    Abstract: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a common disorder with troublesome symptoms caused by reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, has adverse impact on quality of life. A variety of medications have been used in GERD treatment, and acid suppression therapy is the mainstay of treatment for GERD. Although proton pump inhibitor is the most potent acid suppressant and provides good efficacy in esophagitis healing and symptom relief, about one-third of patients with GERD still have persistent symptoms with poor response to standard dose PPI. Antacids, alginate, histamine type-2 receptor antagonists, and prokinetic agents are usually used as add-on therapy to PPI in clinical practice. Development of novel therapeutic agents has focused on the underlying mechanisms of GERD, such as transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, motility disorder, mucosal protection, and esophageal hypersensitivity. Newer formulations of PPI with faster and longer duration of action and potassium-competitive acid blocker, a newer acid suppressant, have also been investigated in clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the current and developing therapeutic agents for GERD treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-6121 , 1687-630X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/983653
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2435460-0
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Does Long-Term Use of Silver Nanoparticles Have Persistent Inhibitory Effect on H. pylori Based on Mongolian Gerbil’s Model?
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Background . It is urgent to find alternative agents due to increasing failure rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) eradication. The study surveyed the long-term effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) on H. pylori based on Mongolian gerbil’s model. Materials and Methods . Fifty gerbils were randomly allocated to six groups (A–F). Group (Gr) A: the gerbils were fed with broth; Gr B and D: the gerbils were fed with AgNP/clay complex (0.1% of weight); Gr C and E: the gerbils were fed with AgNP/clay complex(1% of weight); and Gr D, E, and F: the gerbils were inoculated with H. pylori . At the 20th experimental week, the gerbils were sacrificed. Histology was evaluated according to the classification of the Sydney system. P 〈 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results . The AgNP/clay has more obvious inhibitory effect on H. pylori in vitro. There was a trend of higher concentrations of AgNP with stronger inhibitory effect on H. pylori growth ( P = 0.071 ) . There were no significant differences of inflammation among groups D, E, and F ( P = 0.688 ) . Conclusion . AgNP/clay would be a potential and safe agent for inhibiting H. pylori . It should be helpful for eradication of H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/461034
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
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