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  • Hindawi Limited  (83)
  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Does Body Mass Index and Height Influence the Incident Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Subjects?
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-22), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-22), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Objective . To estimate the incident risk of ischemic stroke (IS) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) subjects according to different body mass index (BMI) and height categories. Methods . A total of 25,130 newly diagnosed T2D subjects were included in this study. All T2D subjects were enrolled consecutively from the Chronic Disease Surveillance System (CDSS) of Ningbo. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) stratified by BMI categories and height quartiles were used to estimate the incident risk of IS in T2D subjects. Results . In total, 22,795 subjects completed the follow-up. Among them, 1268 newly diagnosed IS cases were identified, with 149,675 person-years. The SIRs of normal BMI (18.5–24.0 kg/m 2 ), overweight (24.0–28.0 kg/m 2 ), and obese (≥28.0 kg/m 2 ) in overall subjects were 2.56 (95% CI 1.90–3.13), 2.13 (95% CI 1.90–3.13), and 1.87 (95% CI 1.29–2.43), respectively ( P t r e n d 〈 0.01 ), comparing to the general population of Ningbo. For each 1 kg/m 2 increment in BMI, the SIR was 0.948 (95% CI 0.903–0.999). For height quartiles, the SIRs of male subjects in quartile 1 ( 〈 160 cm), quartile 2 (161–165 cm), quartile 3 (165–170 cm), and quartile 4 (≥171 cm) were 2.27 (95% CI 1.99–2.56), 2.01 (95% CI 1.67–2.45), 1.37 (95% CI 1.05–1.68), and 0.91 (95% CI 0.40–1.32), respectively ( P t r e n d 〈 0.01 ). While for female subjects, the SIRs in quartile 1 ( 〈 155 cm), quartile 2 (156–160 cm), quartile 3 (161–165 cm), and quartile 4 (≥166 cm) were 3.57 (95% CI 3.11–3.49), 2.96 (95% CI 2.61–3.31), 1.94 (95% CI 1.51–2.36), and 1.71 (95% CI 0.95–2.47), respectively ( P t r e n d 〈 0.01 ). Conclusion . Compared to the general population of Ningbo, T2D subjects had a higher incident risk of IS. Furthermore, the IS incident risk was not only higher in newly diagnosed T2D subjects with normal BMI but also lower in taller newly diagnosed T2D subjects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6745 , 2314-6753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/2591709
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711897-6
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  • 2
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    Gastrointestinal Motility and Improvement Efficacy of Shenhuang Plaster Application on Shenque: Identification, Evaluation, and Mechanism
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Immunology Research Vol. 2020 ( 2020-07-11), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: Journal of Immunology Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-07-11), p. 1-13
    Abstract: Constipation, a gastrointestinal function disorder, is one of the side effects of paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy. Shenhuang plaster (SHP) application on the Shenque acupoint promotes gut motility in clinical settings. In this study, we elucidated the ingredients in SHP and evaluated its effects on PTX-induced constipation using a tumour-bearing mouse model. SHP was prepared using the traditional Chinese plaster preparation method. The ingredients were analysed using UPLC-MS/MS and identified via screening in a standard drug database. The gastrointestinal transit was evaluated by the movement of a fluorescein-labelled dextran in the gastrointestinal tract. A histological study of the mucosa was carried out after haematoxylin and eosin staining. mRNA expression was assessed using real-time RT-PCR, and the foetal microbiota composition was elucidated through 16 s rDNA sequencing and BLAST analysis. Our results indicate that the application of SHP attenuated weight gain inhibition by PTX; however, no inhibitory effect was observed on tumour growth. PTX-induced sluggish intestine, villus, and mucosal base layer damage were significantly improved following the application of SHP. Further, SHP enhanced the stimulation efficiency of PTX on TLR4 and its downstream cytokines, as well as on IL-1 β in intestinal cells. SHP combined with PTX reshaped the microbiota, which showed beneficial effects on health. Hence, these results provide evidence that SHP alleviates PTX-induced constipation and intestinal morphological damage but augments the effects of PTX on the expression of cytokines in the TLR4 pathway and IL-1 β . Therefore, we propose that SHP stimulates the host immune response to eradicate cancer cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-8861 , 2314-7156
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/2383970
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2817541-4
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  • 3
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    The Rapid Effect of Bisphenol-A on Long-Term Potentiation in Hippocampus Involves Estrogen Receptors and ERK Activation
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Neural Plasticity Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Neural Plasticity, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Bisphenol-A (BPA), a widely used synthetic compound in plastics, disrupts endocrine function and interferes with physiological actions of endogenous gonadal hormones. Chronic effects of BPA on reproductive function, learning and memory, brain structure, and social behavior have been intensively investigated. However, less is known about the influence of BPA on long-term potentiation (LTP), one of the major cellular mechanisms that underlie learning and memory. In the present study, for the first time we investigated the effect of different doses of BPA on hippocampal LTP in rat brain slices. We found a biphasic effect of BPA on LTP in the dentate gyrus: exposure to BPA at a low dose (100 nM) enhanced LTP and exposure to BPA at a high dose (1000 nM) inhibited LTP compared with vehicle controls. The rapid facilitatory effect of low-dose BPA on hippocampal LTP required membrane-associated estrogen receptor (ER) and involved activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Coadministration of 17 β -estradiol (E 2 , the primary estrogen hormone) and BPA (100 nM) abolished both the BPA-induced enhancement of LTP and the E 2 -induced enhancement of baseline fEPSP, suggesting a complex interaction between BPA- and E 2 -mediated signaling pathways. Our investigation implies that even nanomolar levels of endocrine disrupters (e.g., BPA) can induce significant effects on hippocampal LTP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-5904 , 1687-5443
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/5196958
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2236872-3
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  • 4
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    Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Diabetic Nephropathy
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is manifested as increased urinary protein level, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and final renal dysfunction. DN is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide and causes a huge societal healthcare burden. Since satisfied treatments are still limited, exploring new strategies for the treatment of this disease is urgently needed. Oxidative stress takes part in the initiation and development of DN. In addition, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Thus, activation of Nrf2 seems to be a new choice for the treatment of DN. In current review, we discussed and summarized the therapeutic effects of Nrf2 activation on DN from both basic and clinical studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6745 , 2314-6753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/3797802
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711897-6
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  • 5
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    Gastrointestinal Motility and Gut Hormone Secretion in response to Shenhuang Plaster in a Postoperative Ileus Rat Model
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-6-1), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-6-1), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Postoperative ileus (POI), a gastrointestinal function disorder, is a complication that arises from surgery. Shenhuang plaster (SHP) application to the Shenque acupoint (CV8) to promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function has achieved definite curative effects in clinical settings; however, the underlying pharmacological mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of SHP using a Sprague Dawley rat POI model. Then, gastrointestinal transit in different rat groups was evaluated by the movement of fluorescein-labelled dextran. Ghrelin, obestatin, motilin (MTL), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) plasma concentrations were measured via a radioimmunoassay. The expression of the ghrelin and obestatin receptors (GHS-R1α and GPR39) in the intestinal muscularis of rats in different groups was comparatively identified via western blotting. The results indicated that SHP application improved gastrointestinal motility in POI model rats. SHP application significantly increased ghrelin concentration and the expression of its receptor and inhibited obestatin concentration and the expression of its receptor in blood. Further, ghrelin concentration and the capability of gastrointestinal transit were positively correlated. Simultaneously, SHP application also promoted the secretion of other gastrointestinal motility hormones, such as MTL and VIP. Hence, these results provide evidence that SHP can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal transmission in POI rat models through regulation of ghrelin and other intestinal hormones.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/8859579
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 6
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    Magnetoresistance Effect in NiFe/BP/NiFe Vertical Spin Valve Devices
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Advances in Condensed Matter Physics Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Advances in Condensed Matter Physics, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides are emerging candidates for spintronic applications. Here, we report magnetoresistance (MR) properties of a black phosphorus (BP) spin valve devices consisting of thin BP flakes contacted by NiFe ferromagnetic (FM) electrodes. The spin valve effect has been observed from room temperature to 4 K, with MR magnitudes of 0.57% at 4 K and 0.23% at 300 K. In addition, the spin valve resistance is found to decrease monotonically as temperature is decreased, indicating that the BP thin film works as a conductive interlayer between the NiFe electrodes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8108 , 1687-8124
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/9042823
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2501251-4
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  • 7
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    Isoliquiritigenin Inhibits Atherosclerosis by Blocking TRPC5 Channel Expression
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Cardiovascular Therapeutics Vol. 2020 ( 2020-04-07), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-04-07), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid isolated mainly from the licorice plant, a traditional Chinese herb. ISL has shown anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. However, the pharmaceutical effects of ISL on atherosclerosis are seldom explored. In this study, we used apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mouse model and angiotensin II- (Ang II-) stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism of ISL to inhibit atherosclerosis. We found that in ApoE −/− mice ISL could attenuate atherosclerotic lesion, reduce serum lipid levels, and inhibit TRPC5 expression. In vitro, ISL inhibited Ang II-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs and suppressed Ang II-induced TRPC5 and PCNA expressions in a dose-dependent fashion. In conclusion, our findings provide novel insight into the pharmacological effects of ISL on atherosclerosis and suggest that ISL is beneficial for cardiovascular protection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1755-5914 , 1755-5922
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/1926249
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2417088-4
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  • 8
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    Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis Using Chinese Medicinal Plants: Special Emphasis on Mechanisms of Immune Modulation
    Hindawi Limited ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Immunology Research Vol. 2018 ( 2018), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Journal of Immunology Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2018 ( 2018), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Numerous studies have examined the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The causes of osteoporosis include endocrine factors, nutritional status, genetic factors, physical factors, and immune factors. Recent osteoimmunology studies demonstrated that the immune system and immune factors play important regulatory roles in the occurrence of osteoporosis, and people should pay more attention to the relationship between immunity and osteoporosis. Immune and bone cells are located in the bone marrow and share numerous regulatory molecules, signaling molecules, and transcription factors. Abnormal activation of the immune system alters the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which results in an imbalance of bone remodeling and osteoporosis. The incidence of osteoporosis is also increasing with the aging of China’s population, and traditional Chinese medicine has played a vital role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for centuries. Chinese medicinal plants possess unique advantages in the regulation of the immune system and the relationships between osteoporosis and the immune system. In this review, we provide a general overview of Chinese medicinal plants in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, focusing on immunological aspects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-8861 , 2314-7156
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2018/6345857
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2817541-4
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  • 9
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    Design of an ultra-wideband power divider with harmonics suppression : UWB PD with Harmonics Suppression
    Hindawi Limited ; 2015
    In:  International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering Vol. 25, No. 4 ( 2015-05), p. 299-304
    Details
    In: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 25, No. 4 ( 2015-05), p. 299-304
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1096-4290
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/mmce.v25.4
    DOI: 10.1002/mmce.20862
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007326-4
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  • 10
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    Finite Element Analysis of Stress on Cross-Wavy Primary Surface Recuperator Based on Thermal-Structural Coupling Model
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 2021 ( 2021-2-11), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-2-11), p. 1-9
    Abstract: In order to study the stress, strain and deformation of the recuperator, the thermal-structural coupling finite element analysis model of cross-wavy primary surface recuperator of gas microturbine was established. The stress of cross-wavy primary surface recuperator after operation under design conditions was analyzed by finite element method. The reliability of the material selected for the recuperator was verified, and the effects of pressure ratio and gas inlet temperature on stress and displacement of the recuperator were analyzed. The research results show that the maximum stress and strain on the gas outlet side of the recuperator are higher than the maximum stress and strain on the gas inlet side when only pressure is considered, and the result is the opposite when pressure and thermal stress are considered. The air passage of the recuperator deforms to the side of the gas passage, the air passage becomes larger, and the gas passage shrinks. With the increase of pressure ratio between air side and gas side, the maximum stress of recuperator passage also increases. When the pressure ratio increases to 8.4, the strength limit of the heat exchange fin material is reached. When the gas and air outlet temperatures remain unchanged and the thermal ratio decreases, as the gas inlet temperature increases, the maximum stress increases. For every 50 K increase in the gas inlet temperature, the maximum stress of the recuperator increases by about 2.3 MPa. The research results can be used to guide the designing and optimization of recuperator.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8442 , 1687-8434
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/9604371
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2501025-6
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