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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Brain Areas Predisposing to the Stroke-Related Epilepsy Development
    Hindawi Limited ; 2023
    In:  Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Vol. 2023 ( 2023-8-25), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2023 ( 2023-8-25), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Background. Stroke-related epilepsy (STRE) represents a significant health problem. We focused on identifying brain areas, which involvement in ischemia predisposes a patient to STRE development. Methods. We retrospectively identified a group of patients with STRE consisting of 33 subjects. Subsequently, age-, sex-, and territory-matched controls who underwent stroke but did not develop STRE (control group (CG)) were identified. The CG was composed of 37 patients. The total ischemia volume and distribution of ischemic changes were compared between STRE and CG. We also analyzed multivariate statistics to identify independent variables predisposing to STRE development. Results. The patients with STRE exhibited a bigger volume of ischemia than CG (average volume of ischemia in STRE 60.8 cm3, in CG 42.4 cm3, p = 0.029 ). When comparing STRE and CG, there were differences in the distribution of ischemic changes in the temporal lobe (transverse (Heschl’s) temporal gyri, superior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus) and parietooccipital region (postcentral gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, parietal operculum, lingual gyrus, and superior occipital gyrus). The involvement of transverse temporal (Heschl’s) gyri ( p = 0.0222 , odds ratio 30.0767), age ( p = 0.0110 , odds ratio 1.0745), and SeLECT score ( p = 0.0480 , odds ratio 1.8682) were identified as independent predictors for STRE development. Conclusion. The higher volume of ischemia correlates with a higher risk of STRE development. Some areas, particularly in the temporal and parietal neocortex, predispose the brain to generate epilepsy after the stroke.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1600-0404 , 0001-6314
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2023/1439121
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001898-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intellectual Impairment in Patients with Newly Diagnosed HIV Infection in Southwestern Nigeria
    Hindawi Limited ; 2015
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2015 ( 2015), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2015 ( 2015), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Neurocognitive impairment is a detrimental complication of HIV infection. Here, we characterized the intellectual performance of patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection in southwestern Nigeria. We conducted a prospective study at Owo Federal Medical Center by using the adapted Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). The raw scores were converted to standardized scores ( z -scores) and correlated with clinical and laboratory findings. Fifty-eight HIV positive patients were recruited; 72% were in WHO stages 3 and 4. We detected a high rate of intellectual impairment in HIV positive patients and controls (63.8% and 10%, resp.; P 〈 0.001 ). HIV positive patients performed worse throughout the subtests of both verbal and performance intelligence quotients. Presence of opportunistic infections was associated with worse performance in the similarities and digit symbol tests and performance and full scale scores. Lower body weight correlated with poor performance in different WAIS subtests. The high rate of advanced disease stage warrants measures aimed at earlier diagnosis and treatment. Assessment of neurocognitive performance at diagnosis may offer the opportunity to improve functioning in daily life and counteract disease progression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2015/185891
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sociodemographic Factors, Nutritional Status, and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
    Hindawi Limited ; 2023
    In:  Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Vol. 2023 ( 2023-3-17), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2023 ( 2023-3-17), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Objectives. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is characterized by cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction of unknown etiology with high a prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms. The aim of the present study was to examine sociodemographic, lifestyle, and nutritional factors as well as inflammatory markers in patients with POTS. Materials and Methods. Forty-three patients with POTS and 61 healthy controls completed questionnaires about sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Blood samples were analyzed for serum levels of cobalamins, folic acid, iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), ferritin, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, albumin, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vitamin D). Results. POTS patients were predominantly women with a lower education level and were more often working part-time, on sick leave, and living alone compared with healthy controls. They reported lower alcohol intake and physical activity levels than controls. The nutrient intake was in general similar in both groups, but POTS patients had a higher intake of different drinks and reported more gastrointestinal symptoms than controls. POTS was associated with higher CRP levels (β: 1.370; 95% CI: 0.004–2.737; p = 0.049 ), lower albumin levels (β: -1.443; 95% CI: -2.648–(-0.238); p = 0.019 ), and higher sodium levels (β: 1.392; 95% CI: 0.559–2.225; p = 0.001 ). Abdominal pain ( p = 0.004 ) and intestinal symptoms’ influence on daily life ( p = 0.025 ) were negatively associated with albumin levels. Abdominal pain ( p = 0.011 ), vomiting and nausea ( p = 0.003 ), and intestinal symptoms’ influence on daily life ( p = 0.026 ) were associated with higher sodium levels. Serum levels representing iron and vitamin metabolism were equal between groups. Conclusions. POTS is associated with poorer sociodemographic status, but malnutrition cannot explain POTS or related gastrointestinal symptoms. Higher CRP and lower albumin levels suggest low-grade inflammation as one possible etiological factor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1600-0404 , 0001-6314
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2023/3992718
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001898-8
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multiple Sclerosis and Suicide Attempts: A Review including a Meta-Analysis of Prevalence
    Hindawi Limited ; 2023
    In:  Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Vol. 2023 ( 2023-8-16), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2023 ( 2023-8-16), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Background. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disorder, and persons diagnosed with multiple sclerosis have a shorter life expectancy than the general population. Recent meta-analyses have examined the association between MS and suicide and between MS and suicidal ideation. The objective of the present review was to examine if MS is associated with a higher risk of suicide attempt. We hypothesised that MS patients were at increased risk of suicide attempts. Methods. Four databases (PubMed including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) were searched systematically for studies assessing the risk of attempted suicide in people with MS. Eligibility criteria were studies designed as cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies with attempted suicide as the outcome and published in English. Lifetime prevalence of suicide attempt was calculated through a meta-analysis, and the results were presented as a forest plot. Sensitivity analyses were used to investigate the heterogeneity among studies. Results. 13 studies were identified from 533 records, providing a total population of 50,004 participants of whom 599 had attempted suicide. The weighted overall prevalence of suicide attempts among people with MS was 0.04 (95% CI 0.02-0.06) with a Cochran’s Q value of 591.05, which rejected the null hypothesis of homogeneous studies. The performed sensitivity analysis resulted in an I 2 of 81% as the lowest possible value, which still indicated a high level of heterogeneity. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the association between MS and suicide attempts in a meta-analysis. The results suggest a significant association between MS and suicide attempts. However, the small number of the included studies and the heterogeneous nature of these studies indicate a need for more studies based on more homogeneous samples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1600-0404 , 0001-6314
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2023/1067257
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001898-8
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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