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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rogue-Elephant-Inflicted Panfacial Injuries: A Rare Case Report
    Hindawi Limited ; 2012
    In:  Case Reports in Dentistry Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-3
    Details
    In: Case Reports in Dentistry, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-3
    Abstract: Attacks by elephants, the largest of the “large animals,” produce many fatalities a year. Most attacks are provoked, although rogue elephants are occasionally responsible. Trampling, goring, tossing the individual with the trunk, or crushing with the knees produces the injuries. Injuries from encounters with large animals represent a significant health risk for rural communities. Wild-animal-inflicted maxillofacial injuries are rare, and limited literature is available describing their management. We present a case of severe maxillofacial injuries caused by the attack of a rogue elephant.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-6447 , 2090-6455
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2012/127957
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2627632-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Anthropometric Indices with Menstrual Abnormality among Nursing Students of Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Obesity Vol. 2022 ( 2022-3-18), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Journal of Obesity, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-3-18), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Introduction. Obesity has been reported to be linked with menstrual abnormalities including abnormality in cycle length, duration, and period blood loss. However, which anthropometric parameter is a better marker of menstrual abnormality is yet unknown. This study aims to explore the association of BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-height ratio (WHtR) with menstrual abnormalities. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 240 nursing students on two nursing campuses of Nepal. Demographic and menstrual characteristics related data were collected from the participants via the face-to-face interview technique followed by anthropometric measurements. Binary logistic regression was used to study the association of BMI, WHR, and WHtR with menstrual characteristics. Univariable and multivariable regression models were calculated at 95% confidence interval and a P value of 0.05 using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences, IBM SPSS® v21 (IBM, Armonk, New York). Results. Out of 240 participants, 52 participants (21.67%) were underweight ( 〈 18.5 kg/m2), and 47 participants (19.58%) were either overweight (≥23 kg/m2) or obese (≥25 kg/m2). Overweight and obese BMI was associated with abnormality in menstrual cycle length (AOR = 4.24; 95% CI = 1.77–10.17), duration of the menstrual period (AOR = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.09–5.81), and periodic menstrual blood loss (AOR = 9.04; 95% CI = 3.55–23.01). Increase in WHtR ( 〉 0.5) was associated with abnormal cycle length (AOR = 3.09; 95% CI = 1.09–8.80) and abnormal period duration (AOR = 3.05; 95% CI = 1.10–8.44). An increase in WHR ( 〉 0.8) was associated with abnormal cyclical menstrual blood loss (AOR = 4.93; 95% CI = 1.55–15.71). Conclusions. Obesity predisposes to menstrual irregularities. BMI is a better predictor of menstrual irregularity as the increase in BMI is associated with abnormality in menstrual cycle length, period duration, and blood loss. Increased WHR was associated with periodic blood loss only. Increased WHtR was associated with abnormal cycle length and period duration, but not menstrual blood loss.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-0716 , 2090-0708
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/6755436
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2573566-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intestinal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- (ESBL-) Possessing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Species among Nepalese Health Science and Non-Health Science Students
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology Vol. 2021 ( 2021-4-9), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-4-9), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing Gram-negative bacteria have led to increased mortality, morbidity, and economic burden worldwide. These bacteria can colonize the healthy intestine of human beings and can disseminate in communities and hospital. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species among health science (HS) and non-health science (NHS) students. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 HS and 104 NHS students in which one stool sample from each student was collected and processed for bacterial culture and sensitivity testing according to standard bacteriological procedures. Each morphotype was identified and characterized phenotypically. The antimicrobial sensitivity profile of bacterial isolates was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique. ESBL production was tested by combination disk method as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Out of 208 stool samples, E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were recovered from 203 (86.8%) and 31 (13.2%) stool samples, respectively. Among those 234 isolates, 69 were positive for ESBL which included E. coli (n = 66, 95.7%) and Klebsiella spp. (n = 3, 4.3%). Fifty (42.4%) out of 118 isolates from HS students and 19 (16.4%) out of 116 from NHS students were colonized by ESBL-producers. Compared to non-ESBL producers, a higher number of ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (14.5% vs. 1.8%, p 〈 0.001 ), cotrimoxazole (59.4% vs. 16.4%, p 〈 0.001 ), and amikacin (10.1% vs 4.2%, p 〈 0.001 ). All E. coli and Klebsiella species isolates were susceptible to meropenem. The prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing bacteria was higher in HS students; however, there was a considerable number of these strains colonizing NHS students as well. This “iceberg phenomenon” of asymptomatic carriage of ESBL-producing pathogens might act as a source of infection in both the community and hospitals. Therefore, surveillance of carriage of drug-resistant bacteria should be performed regularly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1918-1493 , 1712-9532
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/4767429
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2207109-X
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