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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How Arch Support Insoles Help Persons with Flatfoot on Uphill and Downhill Walking
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Healthcare Engineering Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Journal of Healthcare Engineering, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-6
    Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of arch support insoles on uphill and downhill walking of persons with flatfoot. Sixteen healthy college students with flatfoot were recruited in this study. Their heart rate, peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), and median frequency (MDF) of surface electromyogram were recorded and analyzed. Nonparametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis. The main results were as follows: (a) peak VO 2 significantly decreased with arch support insoles compared with flat insoles during uphill and downhill walking (arch support insole versus flat insole: uphill walking, 20.7 ± 3.6 versus 31.6 ± 5.5; downhill walking, 10.9 ± 2.3 versus 16.9 ± 4.2); (b) arch support insoles could reduce the fatigue of the rectus femoris muscle during downhill walking (MDF slope of arch support insole: 0.03 ± 1.17, flat insole: −6.56 ± 23.07); (c) insole hardness would increase not only the physical sensory input but also the fatigue of lower-limb muscles particularly for the rectus femoris muscle (MDF slope of arch support insole: −1.90 ± 1.60, flat insole: −0.83 ± 1.10) in persons with flatfoot during uphill walking. The research results show that arch support insoles could effectively be applied to persons with flatfoot to aid them during uphill and downhill walking.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2040-2295 , 2040-2309
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/9342789
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2545054-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Comparative Study on Loadings of the Lower Extremity during Deep Squat in Asian and Caucasian Individuals via OpenSim Musculoskeletal Modelling
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2020 ( 2020-07-04), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-07-04), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Populations of different ethnicities may present different movement capacities and muscular function adaptations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of motion and loading in the lower extremity during dynamic deep squats between Asian and Caucasian individuals using OpenSim modelling technique with a customized squat-specific musculoskeletal model. Twenty-four participants joined the test performing the step-squat test, with right foot stepping side, squatting, and returning. The one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping package was used for statistical analysis. The main findings of the current study were as follows: (1) significant lower squat depth was observed in the Asian individuals, (2) the greater knee range of motion and contact forces were found in the Asian individuals, and (3) the greater ankle contact forces in the Caucasian individuals were notable while performing the deep squat compared to the Asian group. Knowledge found in the current study may provide implication for exercise practitioners and physiotherapists while designing schemes for the prevention of loading accumulation in the lower extremity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/7531719
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hyperhomocysteinemia Associated with Low Muscle Mass, Muscle Function in Elderly Hemodialysis Patients: An Analysis of Multiple Dialysis Centers
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2019 ( 2019-06-09), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-06-09), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Background. The hyperhomocysteinemia was with high prevalence and has been considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients. These patients also experienced a high risk of muscle wasting caused by the comorbidity, malnutrition, and low physical activity. We investigated the associations of homocysteinemia with muscle mass, muscle function in elderly hemodialysis patients. Methods. A clinical cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 hemodialysis patients aged 65 years and above in seven hospital-based hemodialysis centers in Taiwan. The data on anthropometry, laboratory, and 3-day dietary intake was examined. The skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was measured by the bioelectrical impedance analysis; the SMM was adjusted by height or weight as S M M H t 2 (kg/m 2 ) and S M M W t (%). Muscle function was defined as handgrip strength (HGS) (kg) measured by handgrip dynamometer. Statistical analyses were conducted using simple regression and multivariable stepwise regression analysis. Results. In the total sample, 74.6 % of hemodialysis patients were hyperhomocysteinemia (≥ 15 μ mol/L). The means of S M M H t 2 , S M M W t , arm lean mass, hand grip strength, and muscle quality were 8.7 ± 1.2, 37.7 ± 5.6, 1.7 ± 0.5, 21.1 ± 7.4, and 10.0 ± 3.0, respectively. The multivariable stepwise regression analysis showed that homocysteinemia level was significantly inversely associated with S M M W t (B-coeff. = -0.03, p = 0.02) in hemodialysis patients above 65 years old, but not with muscle function. Conclusions. Hyperhomocysteinemia is common and associated with decreased muscle mass in the elderly hemodialysis patients. Future studies are suggested to explore the impact of the homocysteine-lowering therapy on muscle decline.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/9276097
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Energy Requirement of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Multiple Centers
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Biochemistry Research International Vol. 2020 ( 2020-03-21), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Biochemistry Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-03-21), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Background . Energy requirements must be estimated before nutritional care can be provided for patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, the recommended caloric intake for patients has not been conclusively determined because of insufficiently large sample sizes. Method . This cross-sectional observational study recruited patients undergoing long-term HD from multiple centers as well as people in the general population without chronic kidney disease. People from both groups were matched by sex and age. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was estimated using an indirect calorimeter. Two commonly used equations for estimating REE and daily energy requirement recommended by the National Kidney Foundation’s Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) were chosen. Results . This study had 154 HD patients and 33 matched HD–control group pairs. Age ( r  = −0.36, p 〈 0.01 ) and dry body weight after dialysis ( r  = 0.54, p 〈 0.01 ) were identified as the primary factors affecting total energy expenditure (TEE). When compared with measured energy expenditure, the recommended equations for evaluating energy expenditure, namely, the Harris–Benedict, Schoenfeld, and K/DOQI-recommended equations, were biased and imprecise for HD patients of different sexes and body sizes. Moreover, the TEEs of HD patients (26.8 ± 5.5 kcal/kg/day) and the matched control patients (25.3 ± 5.1 kcal/kg/day) did not significantly differ. Conclusions . Age and dry body weight are the main factors affecting the energy expenditure of HD patients. Furthermore, predicting the energy expenditure of HD patients by measuring the energy expenditure of their sedentary counterparts in the general population with the same sex, age range, and weight may yield better results than using traditional equations for predicting TEE. In East Asian populations, the TEE values were 32 and 30 kcal/kg dry weight for those aged 〈 65 and ≥65 years, respectively. Future prospective cohort studies with larger sample sizes are needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-2247 , 2090-2255
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/2054265
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2566725-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Risks in Different Groups of Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Study
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2019 ( 2019-06-11), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-06-11), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Background. To investigate the association between insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks among hemodialysis patients. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study between 2013 and 2017, on 384 hemodialysis patients from seven hospital-based-dialysis centers. HOMA-IR is classified according to median value. The CVD risks were defined by the K/DOQI Guidelines. Logistic regression analysis was used. Results. Patients’ age was 60.9 ± 11.8, 58.1% men, and 40.3% overweight/obese. The median of HOMA-IR was 5.4, 82.8% high systolic blood pressure, and 85.7% hyperhomocysteinemia. In multivariate analysis, IR was significantly associated with higher odds of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high triglyceride, and impaired fasting glucose in groups of normal weight, overweight/obese, nondiabetes, diabetes, and overall sample. IR linked with elevated high-sensitive C-reactive protein in normal weight patients (odd ratio, OR=2.21, 95% confidence interval, 1.16-4.22, p 〈 .05), with hypoalbuminemia in normal weight patients (OR=8.31, 95% CI, 2.35-29.37, p 〈 .01), in nondiabetes patients (OR=6.59, 95% CI, 1.81-23.95, p 〈 .01), and overall sample (OR=3.07, 1.51-6.23, p 〈 .01). Conclusions. The level of IR and prevalence of CVD risks were high in hemodialysis patients. IR was independently associated with CVD risks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/1541593
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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