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  • 1
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    Efficacy of Kami Guibi-tang as an Add-On Therapy to Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor for Cognitive Function in Mild Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
    Hindawi Limited ; 2023
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2023 ( 2023-1-30), p. 1-15
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2023 ( 2023-1-30), p. 1-15
    Abstract: Background. Kami Guibi-tang (KGT), a traditional Korean herbal medicine is mainly used to treat insomnia and nervousness. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are the main treatments for mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a degenerative brain disease. However, currently no drug can fundamentally treat AD or reverse the advanced cognitive decline. This clinical study explored the efficacy and safety of adding KGT to AChEI for cognitive function in mild AD. Methods. This was a pilot study for a larger randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants between 55–90 years diagnosed with mild AD were recruited from Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea. They were randomized to receive either KGT or placebo for 24 weeks, in addition to their regular AChEI. The primary outcome was treatment efficacy, as assessed by the relative amount of change over the study period in total scores on the Dementia version of the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB-D). Changes in SNSB subscores were assessed as secondary outcomes. Safety parameters, including adverse events and abnormalities in blood tests, electrocardiograms, and brain magnetic resonance imaging were also monitored. Results. Between March 2018 and November 2020, seven participants each in the KGT group and the placebo group completed the 24-week trial. There were no significant changes in SNSB-D total or subindex scores for either group ( p  = 0.69 and 0.63, respectively), and no significant differences were observed between them ( p = 0.71 ). No adverse events related to KGT were reported. We also compared and analyzed the results of a previous pilot study conducted on amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) using protocol of this study. The aMCI group showed a significant improvement in the total SNSB-D score, especially in the memory domain, compared to the mild AD group ( p  = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). The Korean Mini-Mental State Exam and Korean Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scores also significantly improved in the aMCI group ( p  = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusions. Compared to placebo, adding KGT to AChEI did not significantly improve cognitive function in SNSB in patients with mild AD. We suggest that KGT would have a positive effect on patients with early stages of cognitive impairment such as aMCI. The findings could assist design larger, longer-term clinical trials of KGT use in elderly patients with mild AD. This study was registered in the Korean Clinical Trial Registry on December 26, 2017, with the CRIS approval number KCT0002904.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2023/4846770
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
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    EGHB010, a Standardized Extract of Paeoniae Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix, Inhibits VEGF-Induced Tube Formation In Vitro and Retinal Vascular Leakage and Choroidal Neovascularization In Vivo
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-7
    Abstract: EGHB010 is a hot water extract of the rhizome mixture of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and vascular leakage are the common pathophysiologies of age-related macular degeneration. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of EGHB010 on retinal vascular leakage and laser-induced CNV in a rat model. Vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced tube formation was assayed in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Intravitreal VEGF-induced blood-retinal barrier breakdown was assayed in Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation in Brown Norway rats. EGHB010 (50 and 100 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 10 days after laser photocoagulation. Choroidal flat mounts were prepared to measure the lesion size of CNV. Incubation of retinal vascular endothelial cells with EGHB010 (12.5 and 25  μ g/mL) resulted in the inhibition of VEGF-induced tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. VEGF-mediated retinal vascular leakage was blocked by the oral administration of EGHB010. The CNV area was significantly lower in EGHB010-treated rats than in vehicle-treated rats. These results suggest that EGHB010 is a potent antiangiogenic agent. Thus, the oral administration of EGHB010 may have a beneficial effect in the treatment of vascular leakage and CNV in patients with age-related macular degeneration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/1568702
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 3
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    Mechanical Valve Replacement Versus Bioprosthetic Valve Replacement in the Tricuspid Valve Position : THE SELECTION OF PROSTHETIC VALVE IN TVR
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Cardiac Surgery Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2013-05), p. 212-217
    Details
    In: Journal of Cardiac Surgery, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2013-05), p. 212-217
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0886-0440
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jocs.12093
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2108425-7
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  • 4
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    Acute and Subchronic Toxicological Evaluation of the Herbal Product HAD-B1 in Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-5-31), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-5-31), p. 1-13
    Abstract: This study evaluates acute and subchronic toxicity of a Korean herbal formula HAD-B1 in rat to investigate whether HAD-B1 has potential toxicity to humans. First, the study to assess the acute oral toxicity at dose levels of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight (BW) was performed in male and female SD rats (Crl: CD, specific pathogen-free) (n = 5/group). Based on the result of the acute oral study, 4 weeks’ dose range finding study and 13 weeks’ subchronic study were performed (dose range finding study, DRF; n = 5/group) and 13 weeks (subchronic study; n = 10/group) in male and female SD rats. The control group was administered with distilled water (DW). Clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, ophthalmic examination, urinalysis, hematological/biochemical parameters, gross finding at necropsy, and histopathological examination were investigated and recorded. In the oral acute toxicity study of SD rats, no clinical signs, mortality, body weight changes, and gross findings were observed. Also, there were no treatment-related changes in the 4-week DRF study. Based on these results, a 13-week repeated-dose toxicity study (subchronic) in SD rats was performed. HAD-B1 showed temporal hypersalivation in clinical signs and an increased tendency in body weight at 2000 mg/kg BW. However, there were no treatment-related changes in mortality, food consumption, ophthalmology, urinalysis, hematology, biochemistry, gross finding at necropsy, organ weights, and histopathology in either sex of any group. Based on this toxicological evaluation of HAD-B1, we concluded that no target organ was determined, and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of HAD-B1 was determined to be  〉  2000 mg/kg B W. Therefore, we decided that consuming HAD-B1 is relatively nontoxic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/9970822
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
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    High Glucose with Insulin Induces Cell Cycle Progression and Activation of Oncogenic Signaling of Bladder Epithelial Cells Cotreated with Metformin and Pioglitazone
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-09), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-09), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Metformin and pioglitazone are two commonly prescribed oral hypoglycemic agents for diabetes. Recent evidence suggests that these drugs may contribute to bladder cancer. This study investigated molecular mechanism underlying effects of metformin and pioglitazone in bladder epithelial carcinogenesis in type 2 diabetes. The cells derived from human bladder epithelial cells (HBlEpCs) were treated with metformin or pioglitazone with high glucose and insulin. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and a bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay, respectively, while cell cycle regulatory factors and oncogene expression were analyzed using western blotting. Metformin or pioglitazone suppressed cell viability concentration and time dependently, which was reversed by exposure to high glucose with or without insulin. Prolonged exposure to high glucose and insulin enhanced cyclin D, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4), and Cdk2 expression and suppressed cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p15/16 in HBlEpC cotreated with pioglitazone and metformin. Levels of tumor suppressor proteins p53 and cav-1 were downregulated while those of the oncogenic protein as c-Myc were upregulated under high glucose and insulin supplementation in HBlEpC cotreated with pioglitazone and metformin. Prolonged exposure to high glucose with or without insulin downregulated B cell lymphoma 2-associated X (Bax) and failed to enhance the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in drug-treated cells. These results suggest that hyperglycemic and insulinemic conditions promote cell cycle progression and oncogenic signaling in drug-treated bladder epithelial cells and uncontrolled hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia are probably greater cancer risk factors than diabetes drugs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6745 , 2314-6753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/2376512
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711897-6
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  • 6
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    Multivariate Cluster-Based Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction to Identify Genetic Interactions for Multiple Quantitative Phenotypes
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2019 ( 2019-07-11), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-07-11), p. 1-10
    Abstract: To understand the pathophysiology of complex diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, and autism, deleterious phenotypes are unlikely due to the effects of single genes, but rather, gene-gene interactions (GGIs), which are widely analyzed by multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). Early MDR methods mainly focused on binary traits. More recently, several extensions of MDR have been developed for analyzing various traits such as quantitative traits and survival times. Newer technologies, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have now been developed for assessing multiple traits, to simultaneously identify genetic variants associated with various pathological phenotypes. It has also been well demonstrated that analyzing multiple traits has several advantages over single trait analysis. While there remains a need to find GGIs for multiple traits, such studies have become more difficult, due to a lack of novel methods and software. Herein, we propose a novel multi-CMDR method, by combining fuzzy clustering and MDR, to find GGIs for multiple traits. Multi-CMDR showed similar power to existing methods, when phenotypes followed bivariate normal distributions, and showed better power than others for skewed distributions. The validity of multi-CMDR was confirmed by analyzing real-life Korean GWAS data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/4578983
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 7
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    Nonclinical Safety Pharmacology Study of the Herbal Product HAD-B1
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-11-9), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-11-9), p. 1-10
    Abstract: HAD-B1 is a Korean herbal formula designed to treat solid tumors, and through cell experiments, it has proven to have an anticancer effect. The current study aims to test the safety of HAD-B1. This experiment is under the regulation of ICH. In order to find if HAD-B1 has any effect on the CNS, 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day of HAD-B1 were orally administered to male and female rats once. To discover any effect on the respiratory system, 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day of HAD-B1 were orally given to male rats followed by measuring the respiratory rate, tidal volume, and minute respiratory volume. To assess the possibility of a delayed QT period as a result of the drug administration, hERG analysis was conducted at 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 μg/ml. To assess any effect on the cardiovascular system, 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day of HAD-B1 were orally given to male beagle dogs once followed by temperature, blood pressure, ECG, and heart rate analyses. There were no clinically significant changes in both male and female rats on assessing any effects on the CNS. There were no clinically significant changes in male rats’ respiratory assessment. There were no clinically significant changes in hERG analysis results. There were no clinically significant changes in the cardiovascular system of male beagle dogs. Our results demonstrate that HAD-B1 is a safe herbal formula that does not have a clinically significant effect on the CNS, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/2162986
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
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    Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases (Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): A Prospective Observational Study
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2022 ( 2022-5-29), p. 1-12
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-5-29), p. 1-12
    Abstract: Background. Obstructive airway disease is a major health problem and has a great impact on global socioeconomic burden. Despite therapeutic advances in recent decades, there is still a need for effective and safe therapeutic agents for patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. This prospective observational study explored the effects of herbal medicines in patients with asthma and COPD. All participants visited the hospital at least every 4 weeks for 12 weeks to receive their herbal medicines based on their pattern identification and to evaluate safety and efficacy endpoints. We followed the diagnostic criteria used by Korean medicine doctors to prescribe herbal medicines, explored variations in prescribed herbal medicines, and explored a number of clinical features in patients with asthma or COPD. Results. A total of 24 patients were enrolled: 14 were diagnosed with asthma and 10 with COPD and 19 completed the study. After 12 weeks of herbal medicine treatment, herbal medicines significantly improved the modified Clinical Asthma Measurement Scale in Oriental Medicine-V in asthma patients and the modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire in COPD patients. For all patients, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale score and interleukin-13 were found to be significantly different after treatment. Additionally, the majority of patients were satisfied with our herbal medicine treatments, and no severe adverse events were reported during the study. Conclusions. Our study provides preliminary clinical data on the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines in patients with asthma and COPD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/3485757
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 9
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    Hair Growth Promotion Effect of Nelumbinis Semen Extract with High Antioxidant Activity
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-3-13), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-3-13), p. 1-11
    Abstract: This study investigated the hair regeneration promotion and hair loss prevention properties of Nelumbinis Semen (NS) extract in vitro and in vivo. The effect of NS on the proliferation and migration of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) was measured in vitro via CCK-8 and scratch migration assays, after which the antioxidant activity of NS was also quantified. NS extracts were then applied to the back of 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice for 3 weeks to monitor hair growth patterns and hair follicle (HF) histology. The mice were divided into three groups: negative control group (NC; DMSO), positive control group (PC; 3% minoxidil), and experimental group (NS extract 1,000 ppm). Moreover, to study the molecular mechanisms by which NS extract regenerates hair growth, real-time PCR was used to analyze factors related to the hair growth cycle. The NS extracts were found to possess high antioxidant properties due to their high flavonoid contents and electron-donating ability. Moreover, NS extracts enhanced hDPC proliferation and migration in a concentration-dependent manner (15.63–125 ppm). The hair growth index and growth area of the NS group (2.81 score, 81%) on day 14 were higher than those of the PC group (2.65 score, 68%) ( p 〈 0.05 ). Additionally, the HFs of the NS group were located deep in the subcutis, similar to the PC group with developed hair roots. Moreover, the mRNA expression of VEGF and IGF-1 was higher in the NS group compared to the PC group, whereas TGF-β1 expression was lower ( p 〈 0.05 ). Our findings indicate that NS modulates hair growth by increasing IGF-1 and VEGF expression while inhibiting that of TGF-β1. Therefore, our findings suggest that NS extract is a promising new hair loss treatment derived from a natural substance that helps promote hair growth and prevent hair loss.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/6661373
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 10
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    Antiobesity and Antidiabetic Effects of Portulaca oleracea Powder Intake in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 Mice
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-6-25), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-6-25), p. 1-11
    Abstract: This study investigated the hypothesis that Portulaca oleracea L. exerts antiobesity and antidiabetic effects by evaluating blood lipid profiles, blood glucose control factors, protein expression of lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity improvement. Three groups of high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese C57BL/6 mice (n = 8) received treatment with low (5%; HFD + PO5%) or high (10%; HFD + PO10%) concentrations of P. oleracea powder for 12 weeks or no treatment (HFD) and were compared with each other and a fourth control group. Weight gain was reduced by 34% in the HFD + PO10% group compared to the HFD group. Moreover, the perirenal and epididymal fat contents in the HFD + PO10% group were 6.3-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively, lower than those in the HFD group. The atherogenic index (AI) and cardiac risk factor (CRF) results in the P. oleracea-treated groups were significantly lower than those in the HFD group. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels was lower in the HFD + PO10% group than in the HFD group. The protein expression levels of the proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 and PPAR-γ were upregulated in the HFD + PO10% group compared to the HFD group. However, the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were lower in the P. oleracea-treated groups than in the HFD group. Our results demonstrate that P. oleracea powder could be effectively used to treat and prevent obesity and diabetes-associated diseases through suppression of weight gain and reduction in body fat and blood glucose levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/5587848
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
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