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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activations of Both Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways in HCT 116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells Contribute to Apoptosis through p53-Mediated ATM/Fas Signaling by Emilia sonchifolia Extract, a Folklore Medicinal Plant
    Hindawi Limited ; 2012
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-13
    Abstract: Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC (Compositae), an herbaceous plant found in Taiwan and India, is used as folk medicine. The clinical applications include inflammation, rheumatism, cough, cuts fever, dysentery, analgesic, and antibacteria. The activities of Emilia sonchifolia extract (ESE) on colorectal cancer cell death have not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study explored the induction of apoptosis and its molecular mechanisms in ESE-treated HCT 116 human colorectal cancer cells in vitro . The methanolic ESE was characterized, and γ-humulene was formed as the major constituent (63.86%). ESE induced cell growth inhibition in a concentration- and time-dependent response by MTT assay. Apoptotic cells (DNA fragmentation, an apoptotic catachrestic) were found after ESE treatment by TUNEL assay and DNA gel electrophoresis. Alternatively, ESE stimulated the activities of caspase-3, -8, and -9 and their specific caspase inhibitors protected against ESE-induced cytotoxicity. ESE promoted the mitochondria-dependent and death-receptor-associated protein levels. Also, ESE increased ROS production and upregulated the levels of ATM, p53, and Fas in HCT 116 cells. Strikingly, p53 siRNA reversed ESE-reduced viability involved in p53-mediated ATM/Fas signaling in HCT 116 cells. In summary, our result is the first report suggesting that ESE may be potentially efficacious in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2012/178178
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sang-qi Granula Reduces Blood Pressure and Myocardial Fibrosis by Suppressing Inflammatory Responses Associated with the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Nuclear Factor κ B Protein in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-12
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-12
    Abstract: Aim . Sang-qi Granula (SQ) is a compound prepared from Chinese herbs and is currently used for treatment of hypertension in China. Given its protective effects on cardial function in decreasing blood pressure, we investigated the mechanism of protective effects of SQ on myocardium. Methods . 16 male normal Wistar-Kyoto rats and 16 spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR) were employed without medical treatment. 16 SHR were employed with SQ treatment. Rats in each group were sacrificed at two time points (8-week treatment and 16-week treatment). Blood pressure (BP), and heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) were measured. The expression of myeloperoxidase (MCP-1), ICAM-1, TNF- α , and CD68-positive cells was assessed. The interstitial collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular collagen volume area (PVCA), and the expression of TGF- β , Smad-3, PPAR α , γ , and NF- κ B (P65 and P50) were observed. Results . SQ significantly inhibited the elevation of the blood pressure and HW/BW of SHR. Next, SQ prevented myocardial fibrosis. Finally, a proinflammatory mediator associated with NF- κ B (TNF- α , ICAM-1, MCP-1, CD68), TGF- β , and Smad-3 related to collagen deposition, which is upregulated in SHR group, was significantly suppressed by SQ. Expression of NF- κ B was decreased in SHQ+SQ group compared to PPAR α , and γ expression was increased by SQ. Conclusion . Treatment with SQ ameliorates cardial fibrosis induced by hypertension by attenuating the upregulation of ICAM-1, TNF- α , MCP-1, TGF- β , Smad-3, P65, and P50 expression and improving PPAR α and PPAR γ expression level. The results suggest that SQ may be an option for preventing cardial fibrosis through PPAR signalling pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/721729
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    GFAT1/HBP/O-GlcNAcylation Axis Regulates β -Catenin Activity to Promote Pancreatic Cancer Aggressiveness
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2020 ( 2020-02-17), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-02-17), p. 1-13
    Abstract: Reprogrammed glucose and glutamine metabolism are essential for tumor initiation and development. As a branch of glucose and metabolism, the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) generates uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and contributes to the O-GlcNAcylation process. However, the spectrum of HBP-dependent tumors and the mechanisms by which the HBP promotes tumor aggressiveness remain areas of active investigation. In this study, we analyzed the activity of the HBP and its prognostic value across 33 types of human cancers. Increased HBP activity was observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and higher HBP activity predicted a poor prognosis in PDAC patients. Genetic silencing or pharmacological inhibition of the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the HBP, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1), inhibited PDAC cell proliferation, invasive capacity, and triggered cell apoptosis. Notably, these effects can be restored by addition of UDP-GlcNAc. Moreover, similar antitumor effects were noticed by pharmacological inhibition of GFAT1 with 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) or Azaserine. PDAC is maintained by oncogenic Wnt/ β -catenin transcriptional activity. Our data showed that GFAT1 can regulate β -catenin expression via modulation of the O-GlcNAcylation process. TOP/FOP-Flash and real-time qPCR analysis showed that GFAT1 knockdown inhibited β -catenin activity and the transcription of its downstream target genes CCND1 and MYC . Ectopic expression of a stabilized form of β -catenin restored the suppressive roles of GFAT1 knockdown on PDAC cell proliferation and invasion. Collectively, our findings indicate that higher GFAT1/HBP/O-GlcNAcylation exhibits tumor-promoting roles by maintaining β -catenin activity in PDAC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/1921609
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Functional Haplotypes of CHRM3 Modulate mRNA Expression and Associate with Bladder Cancer among a Chinese Han Population in Kaohsiung City
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Bladder cancer is one of the major cancer types and both environmental factors and genetic background play important roles in its pathology. Kaohsiung is a high industrialized city in Taiwan, and here we focused on this region to evaluate the genetic effects on bladder cancer. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (CHRM3) was reported as a key receptor in different cancer types. CHRM3 is located at 1q42-43 which was reported to associate with bladder cancer. Our study attempted to delineate whether genetic variants of CHRM3 contribute to bladder cancer in Chinese Han population in south Taiwan. Five selected SNPs (rs2165870, rs10802789, rs685550, rs7520974, and rs3738435) were genotyped for 30 bladder cancer patients and 60 control individuals and genetic association studies were performed. Five haplotypes (GTTAT, ATTGT, GCTAC, ACTAC, and ACCAC) were found significantly associated with low CHRM3 mRNA level and contributed to increased susceptibility of bladder cancer in Kaohsiung city after rigid 10000 consecutive permutation tests. To our knowledge, this is the first genetic association study that reveals the genetic contribution of CHRM3 gene in bladder cancer etiology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/4052846
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Scheme of MEMS-SINS Initial Alignment Aided by Laser Spot Perception System for the Boom-Type Roadheader
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Mathematical Problems in Engineering Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-17), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-17), p. 1-13
    Abstract: The initial alignment is one of the difficult problems of the strapdown inertial navigation system based on the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS-SINS) applied to the navigation of boom-type roadheader under a coalmine. To overcome the complex environment of the underground coalmine and the large noise of the MEMS gyroscope, the laser spot perception system (LSPS) was developed to provide the heading information of the roadheader to aid the initial alignment of the MEMS-SINS. During the process of initial alignment, the differential equation of heading error is derived, the heading error is extended as a state variable, and a nonlinear initial alignment model aided by heading error is built up. To cope with the time-varying noise statistics of MEMS-SINS in the working face of the coal mine roadway, a simplified strong tracking Unscented Kalman Filter (SST-UKF) algorithm is proposed by combining covariance matching technology with UKF. In the calculation of the measurement prediction covariance and the cross covariance, the fading factor is introduced, respectively, to avoid the contradiction between the residuals before and after the introduction; according to the characteristics of the observation equation being a linear equation, it proves that the state prediction covariance matrix change does not affect the observation measurement and uses unscented transform (UT) only once in the state estimation and variance prediction; thus, the computational burden of the algorithm is reduced and the real-time performance is improved. The simulation and onboard experiment results show that the proposed scheme can achieve horizontal alignment within 40 s and convergence azimuth misalignment angle to 0.9° within 450 s, which fully meets the requirements of MEMS-SINS initial alignment for underground coalmine roadheader.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1024-123X , 1563-5147
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/3101203
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014442-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Neuroprotective Effect of the Association of Aquaporin-4/Glutamate Transporter-1 against Alzheimer’s Disease
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  Neural Plasticity Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Neural Plasticity, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which is primarily expressed in astrocytes, is the major water channel expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). This protein plays an important role in water and ion homeostasis in the normal brain and in various brain pathological conditions. Emerging evidence suggests that AQP4 deficiency impairs learning and memory and that this may be related to the expression of glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1). Moreover, the colocalization of AQP4 and GLT-1 has long been studied in brain tissue; however, far less is known about the potential influence that the AQP4/GLT-1 complex may have on AD. Research on the functional interaction of AQP4 and GLT-1 has been demonstrated to be of great significance in the study of AD. Here, we review the interaction of AQP4 and GLT-1 in astrocytes, which might play a pivotal role in the regulation of distinct cellular responses that involve neuroprotection against AD. The association of AQP4 and GLT-1 could greatly supplement previous research regarding neuroprotection against AD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-5904 , 1687-5443
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/4626593
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2236872-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Simultaneous Determination of Three Bioactive Constituents from Bletilla striata by UPLC-MS/MS and Application of the Technique to Pharmacokinetic Analyses
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2019 ( 2019-10-21), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-10-21), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Bletilla striata has been widely used as a valuable hemostatic agent for thousands of years due to the high levels of bioactive constituents it contains. Here, we used a sensitive ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of three major active ingredients of the B. striata extract, namely, α -isobutylmalic acid, gymnoside I, and militarine in rat plasma. The three major active ingredients were determined using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode at m/z 189 ⟶ 129 for α -isobutylmalic acid, m/z 457.2 ⟶ 285.1 for gymnoside I, m/z 725.3 ⟶ 457.2 for militarine, and m/z 417.0 ⟶ 267.0 for the IS puerarin. All calibration curves showed good linearity ( R 2  ≥ 0.999) over the concentration range with the lower limit of quantification between 0.015 and 0.029  μ g/mL. The relative standard deviations of intraday and interday measurements were less than 15%, and the method was accurate within 93.3–100.4%. The extraction recovery was 92.65–100.98%, and no matrix effect was observed. The results indicated that after oral administration of B. striata in rats, the T max of α -isobutylmalic acid was significantly longer than that of gymnoside I and militarine and the mean residence time and area under the curve of α -isobutylmalic acid and gymnoside I in rats were significantly higher than those of militarine. Moreover, the blood concentration-time curve of α -isobutylmalic acid showed double peaks, suggesting that α -isobutylmalic acid could exhibit the phenomenon of enterohepatic circulation or metabolic conversion. We also explored some of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of three ingredients from B. striata extract in vivo , and the data obtained may provide a basis for the further investigation of B. striata .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/8942512
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neglected Pediatric Osteochondral Fracture Dislocation of the Patella
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  Case Reports in Orthopedics Vol. 2019 ( 2019-10-21), p. 1-5
    Details
    In: Case Reports in Orthopedics, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-10-21), p. 1-5
    Abstract: Pediatric osteochondral fracture dislocation of the patella is sometimes difficult to diagnose on the basis of physical examination or plain film radiography. Magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in its early diagnosis, and early treatment can prevent damage to the articular cartilage as well as decrease the dislocation rate. Currently, many treatment choices have been reported with good results, but there is no consensus on which treatment option may lead to the best outcome. Herein, we describe the case of a 14-year-old girl with neglected osteochondral fracture dislocation of the patella. The outcome was optimal on the basis of a 2-year postoperative follow-up; thus, we believe that fixation with headless screws is a simple and effective method if the fracture fragment is large enough.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-6749 , 2090-6757
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/2904782
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2684648-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-Term Outcomes of Caustic Esophageal Stricture with Endoscopic Balloon Dilatation in Chinese Children
    Hindawi Limited ; 2018
    In:  Gastroenterology Research and Practice Vol. 2018 ( 2018-08-08), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Gastroenterology Research and Practice, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2018 ( 2018-08-08), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Caustic esophageal stricture (CES) in children still occurs frequently in developing countries. We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) in treating CES in children and the influencing factors associated with outcome. We retrospectively reviewed the data of all patients who had a diagnosis of CES and underwent EBD from August 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014. The primary outcome was EBD success, which was defined as the maintenance of dysphagia-free status for at least 12 months after the last EBD. The secondary outcome was to analyze influencing factors associated with EBD success. Forty-three patients were included for analysis (29 males; mean age at first dilatation 44 months with range 121 months). 26 (60.5%) patients had long segment ( 〉 2 cm) stricture. A total of 168 EBD procedures were performed. Twenty-six (60.5%) patients were considered EBD success. Seventeen (39.5%) patients failed EBD and required stent placement and/or surgery. Patients in the EBD success group had significantly shorter stricture segments when compared to the EBD failure group ( t = 2.398 , P = 0.018 , OR = 3.206 , 95% OR: 1.228–8.371). Seven (4.4%) esophageal perforations occurred in 6 patients after EBD. Stents were placed in 5 patients, and gastric tube esophagoplasty was performed in 14 patients. In conclusion, 26 (60.5%) of 43 children with CES had EBD success. Length of stricture was the main influencing factor associated with EBD treatment outcome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-6121 , 1687-630X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2018/8352756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2435460-0
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Aqueous Extract of Clerodendranthus spicatus Exerts Protective Effect on UV-Induced Photoaged Mice Skin
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Clerodendranthus spicatus (Thunb.) C.Y.Wu (CS) is commonly used to treat kidney diseases in traditional Chinese medicine for its prominent anti-inflammatory effect and nourishing function to kidneys. In this study, aqueous extract of CS was assessed for its protective effect on UV-induced skin damage of mice. The chemical compositions of CS aqueous extract were determined by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, in which 10 components were identified. During the experimental period, CS (0.9, 1.8, and 3.6 g/mL) was externally applied to shaved dorsal skins of mice prior to UV irradiation, daily for ten weeks. The results presented that CS (3.6 g/mL) apparently improved photodamaged skin appearance such as erythema, edema, and coarseness. The abnormal epidermal thickening was significantly reduced, and the dermal structures became more complete. The underlying protective mechanisms were associated with improving antioxidant enzymes activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), downregulating inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β , IL-6, TNF- α , COX-2, and PGE 2 ) expressions, recovering collagen density, and reducing matrix metalloproteinases productions. Sun protection factor of CS (3.6 g/mL) was 16.21 ± 0.03 . Our findings for the first time demonstrated that CS had therapeutic effect on the photoaged skin. The results indicated that CS is a potential agent for photoprotective cosmetics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/9623957
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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