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  • Hindawi Limited  (50)
  • 1
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    Dietary Plant Polyphenols as the Potential Drugs in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Evidence, Advances, and Opportunities
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Vol. 2022 ( 2022-2-21), p. 1-40
    Details
    In: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-2-21), p. 1-40
    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD), are characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases have been studied intensively, the mechanism is still in its infancy. In general, most neurodegenerative diseases share common molecular mechanisms, and multiple risks interact and promote the pathologic process of neurogenerative diseases. At present, most of the approved drugs only alleviate the clinical symptoms but fail to cure neurodegenerative diseases. Numerous studies indicate that dietary plant polyphenols are safe and exhibit potent neuroprotective effects in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, low bioavailability is the biggest obstacle for polyphenol that largely limits its adoption from evidence into clinical practice. In this review, we summarized the widely recognized mechanisms associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as misfolded proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage, and neuroinflammatory responses. In addition, we summarized the research advances about the neuroprotective effect of the most widely reported dietary plant polyphenols. Moreover, we discussed the current clinical study and application of polyphenols and the factors that result in low bioavailability, such as poor stability and low permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the future, the improvement of absorption and stability, modification of structure and formulation, and the combination therapy will provide more opportunities from the laboratory into the clinic for polyphenols. Lastly, we hope that the present review will encourage further researches on natural dietary polyphenols in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-0994 , 1942-0900
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/5288698
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2455981-7
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  • 2
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    Ferulic Acid Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via Autophagy Induction in C. elegans and Cellular Models of Parkinson’s Disease
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Vol. 2022 ( 2022-2-22), p. 1-19
    Details
    In: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-2-22), p. 1-19
    Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor features. Although some drugs have been developed for the therapy of PD in a clinical setting, they only alleviate the clinical symptoms and have yet to show a cure. In this study, by employing the C. elegans model of PD, we found that ferulic acid (FA) significantly inhibited α-synuclein accumulation and improved dyskinesia in NL5901 worms. Meanwhile, FA remarkably decreased the degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons, improved the food-sensing behavior, and reduced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 6-OHDA-induced BZ555 worms. The mechanistic study discovered that FA could activate autophagy in C. elegans, while the knockdown of 3 key autophagy-related genes significantly revoked the neuroprotective effects of FA in α-synuclein- and 6-OHDA-induced C. elegans models of PD, demonstrating that FA exerts an anti-PD effect via autophagy induction in C. elegans. Furthermore, we found that FA could reduce 6-OHDA- or H2O2-induced cell death and apoptosis in PC-12 cells. Moreover, FA was able to induce autophagy in stable GFP-RFP-LC3 U87 cells and PC-12 cells, while bafilomycin A1 (Baf, an autophagy inhibitor) partly eliminated the protective effects of FA against 6-OHDA- and H2O2-induced cell death and ROS production in PC-12 cells, further confirming that FA exerts an anti-PD effect via autophagy induction in vitro. Collectively, our study provides novel insights for FA as a potent autophagy enhancer to effectively prevent neurodegenerative diseases such as PD in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-0994 , 1942-0900
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/3723567
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
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    Intensity of hydration changes the role of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockers in contrast-induced nephropathy risk after coronary catheterisation in patients with chronic kidney disease
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2017-04), p. 147032031770889-
    Details
    In: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2017-04), p. 147032031770889-
    Abstract: This study evaluated the potential effect of hydration intensity on the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with renal insufficiency. Methods: All eligible patients were included and stratified according to hydration intensity defined as saline hydration volume to body weight tertiles: 〈 10.21 mL/kg, 10.21 to 〈 17.86 mL/kg, and ⩾17.86 mL/kg. Results: In total, 84 (6.7%) of 1254 patients developed contrast-induced nephropathy: 6.2% in the ACEI/ARB group versus 10.8% in the non-ACEI/ARB group ( P=0.029), with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46–1.73, P=0.735). The incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy was lower in the ACEI/ARB group than in the non-ACEI/ARB group in the second tertile ( P=0.031), while not significantly different in the first ( P=0.701) and third ( P=0.254) tertiles. ACEIs/ARBs were independently associated with a lower contrast-induced nephropathy risk (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.09–0.74, P=0.012) and long-term all-cause death (hazard ratio 0.461, 95% CI 0.282–0.755, P=0.002) only in the second hydration volume to body weight tertile. Conclusion: The effects of ACEIs/ARBs on contrast-induced nephropathy risk vary according to saline hydration intensity in chronic kidney disease patients, and may further reduce contrast-induced nephropathy risk in patients administered moderate saline hydration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1470-3203 , 1752-8976
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1470320317708894
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2261873-9
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  • 4
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    Botanical, Traditional Use, Phytochemical, and Toxicological of Arisaematis rhizoma
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-11-30), p. 1-25
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-11-30), p. 1-25
    Abstract: Aim of the Study. This paper summarizes the traditional uses, botany, chemical composition, pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, and toxicology of Arisaematis rhizoma (hereafter referred to as AR). In addition, the future development and research prospect of AR were discussed in detail. Although many traditional uses of AR have been confirmed, it is essential to study the relationship between its structure and function, clarify the mechanism of pharmacological action, and explore new clinical applications. Materials and Methods. This review is a collection of all possible studies on AR, published in scientific journals, papers, and books. Using the papers related to Arisaematis, such as ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, Springer Link, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang Database. In this paper, the traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of AR were reviewed. Finally, the existing problems and research directions of the research on AR are discussed. Results. Ninety-eight chemical constituents were isolated from AR. AR has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as the effects on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. It also has anti-tumor, sedative, analgesic, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, antiarrhythmic, anticoagulant, and other effects. It is also considered an effective drug for in vitro and in vivo validation. Conclusions. AR is an excellent traditional medicinal plant in China. Pharmacological studies support the traditional use of AR and may verify the folk use of AR in the treatment of different diseases. The anti-tumor effect of AR has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. It has become a hot spot in recent years and has made great contributions to the survival and development of human beings. Although it has a high value of comprehensive utilization, its development and utilization are far from enough. Therefore, the comprehensive development of AR is worthy of further analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/9055574
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 5
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    Targeting Nrf2-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response in Traumatic Brain Injury: Therapeutic Perspectives of Phytochemicals
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Vol. 2022 ( 2022-4-4), p. 1-24
    Details
    In: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-4-4), p. 1-24
    Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), known as mechanical damage to the brain, impairs the normal function of the brain seriously. Its clinical symptoms manifest as behavioral impairment, cognitive decline, communication difficulties, etc. The pathophysiological mechanisms of TBI are complex and involve inflammatory response, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and so on. Among them, oxidative stress, one of the important mechanisms, occurs at the beginning and accompanies the whole process of TBI. Most importantly, excessive oxidative stress causes BBB disruption and brings injury to lipids, proteins, and DNA, leading to the generation of lipid peroxidation, damage of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, neuronal apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory response. Transcription factor NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a basic leucine zipper protein, plays an important role in the regulation of antioxidant proteins, such as oxygenase-1(HO-1), NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), to protect against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. Recently, emerging evidence indicated the knockout (KO) of Nrf2 aggravates the pathology of TBI, while the treatment of Nrf2 activators inhibits neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammatory responses via reducing oxidative damage. Phytochemicals from fruits, vegetables, grains, and other medical herbs have been demonstrated to activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway and exert neuroprotective effects in TBI. In this review, we emphasized the contributive role of oxidative stress in the pathology of TBI and the protective mechanism of the Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response for the treatment of TBI. In addition, we summarized the research advances of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, terpenoids, natural pigments, and otherwise, in the activation of Nrf2 signaling and their potential therapies for TBI. Although there is still limited clinical application evidence for these natural Nrf2 activators, we believe that the combinational use of phytochemicals such as Nrf2 activators with gene and stem cell therapy will be a promising therapeutic strategy for TBI in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-0994 , 1942-0900
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/1015791
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
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    AMOBH: Adaptive Multiobjective Black Hole Algorithm
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-19
    Details
    In: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-19
    Abstract: This paper proposes a new multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on the black hole algorithm with a new individual density assessment (cell density), called “adaptive multiobjective black hole algorithm” (AMOBH). Cell density has the characteristics of low computational complexity and maintains a good balance of convergence and diversity of the Pareto front. The framework of AMOBH can be divided into three steps. Firstly, the Pareto front is mapped to a new objective space called parallel cell coordinate system. Then, to adjust the evolutionary strategies adaptively, Shannon entropy is employed to estimate the evolution status. At last, the cell density is combined with a dominance strength assessment called cell dominance to evaluate the fitness of solutions. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods SPEA-II, PESA-II, NSGA-II, and MOEA/D, experimental results show that AMOBH has a good performance in terms of convergence rate, population diversity, population convergence, subpopulation obtention of different Pareto regions, and time complexity to the latter in most cases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-5265 , 1687-5273
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/6153951
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2388208-6
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  • 7
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    Reproductive Toxicity of Zishen Yutai Pill in Rats: The Fertility and Early Embryonic Development Study (Segment I)
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Purpose . This study was aimed to investigate the reproductive toxicity of Zishen Yutai Pill (ZYP) on fertility and early embryonic development in rats. Methods . SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: vehicle control group (distilled water, i.g.), positive control group (80 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide, i.p.), and three ZYP-treated groups (3, 6, and 12 g/kg/d, i.e., 12x, 24x, and 48x clinical doses, i.g.). The high dose was set as the maximum gavage dosage. Results . Cyclophosphamide showed diverse hazards, such as decreased weight of male reproductive organs and sperm density ( P 〈 0.05 ). However, there were no obvious effects of ZYP on physical signs, animal behavior, and survival rate, as well as on weight and food intake during the premating and gestation periods. Importantly, there were no significant adverse effects of ZYP on indexes of copulation, fecundity and fertility indexes, weights and coefficients of male reproductive organs, epididymal sperm number and motility, estrous cycle, preimplantation loss rate, and implantation rate. Besides, the numbers of live and resorbed fetuses per litter were not significantly altered. Conclusions . ZYP had no reproductive toxicities on fertility and early embryonic development in rats at 48x equivalent clinical doses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/3175902
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 8
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    Association of Smoking-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) with Nutritional Status and Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study in China
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2019 ( 2019-08-21), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-08-21), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Background . Smoking is the second leading cause of death. Limited studies are available about smoking and overall diet quality. The current study was aimed at finding an association of s-KAP (smoking-related knowledge, attitude, and practices) with nutritional status and diet quality. Methodology . The current study was a cross-sectional community-based study conducted in Jurong city, China. Validated questionnaires were used for the collection of data regarding s-KAP and dietary intake. Correlation and multivariate linear regression analysis were used for the association of s-KAP scores with diet quality scores and nutritional status. Results . The total numbers of participants were 7998 with a mean age of 59.3±11.4 years, including 38.5% males and 41.5% females. s-KAP scores were categorized into two groups, i.e., High s-KAP group and low s-KAP group. The High s-KAP group had significantly higher ( P 〈 0.05 ) diet scores and BMI but lower ( P 〈 0.05 ) WC (waist circumference) and WHR (waist to hip ratio) than the Low s-KAP group. Independent positive association ( P 〈 0.05 ) of s-KAP scores with diet scores was observed after the adjustment for age, gender, physical activity, alcohol consumptions, monthly income, and anthropometric measures (BMI, WC, and WHR). Similarly, smoking was positively associated ( P 〈 0.05 ) with diet scores after adjustment for covariates. Conclusion . In conclusion, the higher s-KAP scores indicated more knowledge regarding the harmful consequences of the smoking outcomes, positive attitude, less smoking practices, and having a good plan to quit smoking. Individuals with high s-KAP scores had good diet quality and lower adiposity measures. Furthermore, s-KAP scores and smoking status were having an independent positive association with diet scores.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/5897478
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 9
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    Correlation of PD-L1 Expression with Clinicopathological and Genomic Features in Chinese Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Oncology Vol. 2022 ( 2022-4-11), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Journal of Oncology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-4-11), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been approved as predictive biomarker for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with PD-(L)1 blockade therapy. The clinical/genomic features associated with PD-L1 are not well studied. Genomic profiling of tumor biopsies from 883 Chinese NSCLC patients was performed by targeted next-generation sequencing. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to evaluate PD-L1 expression levels using antibodies Dako 22C3 and 28-8, respectively. Our study showed distinct correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinical/genomic characteristics when using different PD-L1 antibodies and in different histological subtypes including adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), respectively. PD-L1 high expression (22C3) was associated with male and lymph node metastasis only in ADC patients. Furthermore, mutations of TP53 and KRAS, KIF5B-RET fusion, copy number gains of PD-L1 and PD-L2, and arm-level amplifications of chr.12p were significantly associated with PD-L1 positive status in ADC patients. For SCC patients, the gain of EGFR and MDM2 and loss of PTPRD were negatively associated with PD-L1 expression. We also compared our results with other studies and found conflicting results presumably because of the multiplicity of antibody clones and platforms, the difference of cutoffs for assigning PD-L1 expression levels, and the variation in study populations. Our study can help to understand the utility and validity of PD-L1 as biomarker of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8469 , 1687-8450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/1763778
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2461349-6
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  • 10
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    Dysregulation of Circulating FGF19 and Bile Acids in Primary Biliary Cholangitis-Autoimmune Hepatitis Overlap Syndrome
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-12), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-12), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Background . Primary biliary cholangitis-autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome (PBC-AIH OS), which exhibits features between autoimmune hepatitis and cholestasis, is a common condition and usually shows a progressive course toward cirrhosis and liver failure without adequate treatment. Synthesis of bile acids (BAs) plays an important role in liver injury in cholestasis, and the process is regulated by fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19). The overall role of circulating FGF19 in BA synthesis and PBC-AIH OS requires further investigation. Methods . We analyzed BA synthesis and correlated clinical parameters with serum BAs and FGF19 in 35 patients with PBC-AIH OS. Serum concentrations of 7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one (C4) were used to quantify the synthesis of BA directly. Results . Serum FGF19 levels were higher, while C4 levels were substantially lower in PBC-AIH OS patients than those in healthy controls. Circulating FGF19 levels strongly correlated with C4 ( r = − 0.695 , p 〈 0.0001 ), direct bilirubin ( r = 0.598 , p = 0.0001 ), and total bile acids ( r = 0.595 , p = 0.002 ). Moreover, circulating FGF19 levels strongly correlated with the model for end-stage liver disease score ( r = 0.574 , p = 0.0005 ) and Mayo risk score ( r = 0.578 , p = 0.001 ). Conclusions . Serum FGF19 is significantly increased in patients with PBC-AIH OS, while BA synthesis is suppressed. Circulating FGF19 primarily controls the regulation of BA synthesis in response to cholestasis and under cholestatic conditions. Therefore, modulation of circulating FGF19 could provide a promising targeted therapy for patients with PBC-AIH OS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/1934541
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
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