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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Antibacterial Assay of Tectorigenin with Detergents or ATPase Inhibitors against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Tectorigenin (TTR) is an O-methylated isoflavone derived from the rhizome of Belamacanda chinensis (L.) DC. It is known to perform a wide spectrum of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor. The aim of this study is to examine the mechanism of antibacterial activity of TTR against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The anti-MRSA activity of TTR was analyzed in combination assays with detergent, ATPase inhibitors, and peptidoglycan (PGN) derived from S. aureus . Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to monitor survival characteristics and changes in S. aureus morphology. The MIC values of TTR against all the tested strains were 125  μ g/mL. The OD(600) of each suspension treated with a combination of Triton X-100, DCCD, and NaN 3 with TTR (1/10 × MIC) had been reduced from 68% to 80%, compared to the TTR alone. At a concentration of 125  μ g/mL, PGN blocked antibacterial activity of TTR. This study indicates that anti-MRSA action of TTR is closely related to cytoplasmic membrane permeability and ABC transporter, and PGN at 125  μ g/mL directly bind to and inhibit TTR at 62.5  μ g/mL. These results can be important indication in study on antimicrobial activity mechanism against multidrug resistant strains.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/716509
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Molecular Basis for the Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 by Gomisin A
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Transient receptor potential (TRP) channel has critical actions as conditional sensors in primary afferent neurons. We studied the regulatory action of gomisin A on TRPV1 channel current in this report. Schisandra chinensis contains bioactive compounds such as the gomisin derivatives and their related compounds. Coapplication with gomisin A inhibited the capsaicin-mediated inward peak current. This inhibitory effect of gomisin A on capsaicin-induced inward current showed concentration-dependence and was reversible. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of gomisin A was 62.7 ± 8.4   µ M. In addition, this inhibition occurred in a noncompetition regulation mode and voltage insensitive manner. Furthermore, molecular docking studies of gomisin A on TRPV1 showed that it interacted predominantly with residues at cavities in the segments 1 and 2 of each subunit. Four potential binding sites for this ligand in the extracellular region at sensor domain of TRPV1 channel were identified. Point mutagenesis studies were undertaken, and gomisin A potency decreased for both the Y453A and N467A mutants. The double mutation of Y453 and N467 significantly attenuated inhibitory effects by gomisin A. In summary, this study revealed the molecular basis for the interaction between TRPV1 and gomisin A and provides a novel potent interaction ligand.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/6451905
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Herbal Formula, CGXII, Exerts Antihepatofibrotic Effect in Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced SD Rat Model
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-12
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-12
    Abstract: We aimed to evaluate the antihepatofibrotic effects of CGXII, an aqueous extract which is composed of A. iwayomogi , A. xanthioides , and S. miltiorrhiza , against dimethylnitrosamine- (DMN-) induced hepatofibrosis. Male Sprague Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg of DMN for 4 weeks (three consecutive days weekly). Rats were orally given distilled water, CGXII (50 or 100 mg/kg), or dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate (50 mg/kg) daily. DMN injection caused substantial alteration of total body weight and liver and spleen mass, whereas they were notably normalized by CGXII. CGXII treatment also markedly attenuated the elevation of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, hepatic lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl contents. Collagen accumulation in hepatic tissue evidenced by histopathological analysis and quantitative assessment of hepatic hydroxyproline was ameliorated by CGXII. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed decreased α -smooth muscle actin supporting the antihepatofibrotic effect of CGXII. The profibrogenic cytokines transforming growth factor- β , platelet-derived growth factor- β , and connective tissue growth factor were increased by DMN injection. Administration of CGXII normalized the protein and gene expression levels of these cytokines. Our findings suggest that CGXII lowers the levels of profibrogenic cytokines and thereby exerts antifibrotic effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/5093718
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Antiemetic and Myeloprotective Effects of Rhus verniciflua Stoke in a Cisplatin-Induced Rat Model
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Rhus verniciflua Stoke has been commonly used in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction diseases. In order to investigate pharmacological properties of Rhus verniciflua Stoke water extract (RVX) on cisplatin-induced amnesia, RVX (0, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg) was orally administrated for five consecutive days after a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (6 mg/kg) to SD rat. Cisplatin injection significantly increased the kaolin intake (emesis) but reduced the normal diet intake (anorexia) whereas the RVX treatment significantly improved these abnormal diet behaviors at both the acute and delayed phase. The serotonin concentration and the related gene expressions (5-HT3 receptors and SERT) in small intestine tissue were abnormally altered by cisplatin injection, which were significantly attenuated by the RVX treatment. Histological findings of gastrointestinal tracts, as well as the proteins level of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF- α , IL-6, and IL-1 β ), revealed the beneficial effect of RVX on cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal inflammation. In addition, RVX significantly improved cisplatin-induced myelosuppression, as evidenced by the observation of leukopenia and by histological examinations in bone marrow. Our findings collectively indicated Rhus verniciflua Stoke improved the resistance of rats to chemotherapy-related adverse effects in the gastrointestinal track and bone marrow.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/9830342
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Amomum xanthioides Exerts Antihepatofibrotic Actions via the Regulation of Fibrogenic Cytokines in a Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced Rat Model
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Amomum xanthioides has been traditionally used to treat diverse digestive system disorders in the Asian countries. We investigated antihepatofibrotic effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Amomum xanthioides (EFAX). Liver fibrosis is induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) injection (intraperitoneally, 10 mg/kg of DMN for 4 weeks to Sprague-Dawley rats). EFAX (25 or 50 mg/kg), silymarin (50 mg/kg), or distilled water was orally administered every day. The DMN injection drastically altered body and organ mass, serum biochemistry, and platelet count, while EFAX treatment significantly attenuated this alteration. Severe liver fibrosis is determined by trichrome staining and measurement of hydroxyproline contents. EFAX treatment significantly attenuated these symptoms as well as the increase in oxidative by-products of lipid and protein metabolism in liver tissues. DMN induced a dramatic activation of hepatic stellate cells and increases in the levels of protein and gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β ), platelet derived growth factor-beta (PDGF- β ), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Immunohistochemical analyses revealed increases in the levels of protein and gene expression of α -smooth muscle actin. These alterations were significantly normalized by EFAX treatment. Our findings demonstrate the potent antihepatofibrotic properties of EFAX via modulation of fibrogenic cytokines, especially TGF- β in the liver fibrosis rat model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/6014380
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Is asymptomatic surveillance beneficial after standard treatment? A 10‐year survival analysis of recurrent BC patients by detection method of recurrence
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  The Breast Journal Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2020-03), p. 556-559
    Details
    In: The Breast Journal, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2020-03), p. 556-559
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1075-122X , 1524-4741
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/tbj.v26.3
    DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13603
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020959-9
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of 1-Propanol Toxicity in B6C3F1 Mice via Repeated Inhalation over 28 and 90 Days
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Toxicology Vol. 2020 ( 2020-09-24), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Journal of Toxicology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-09-24), p. 1-7
    Abstract: We evaluated the toxicity of 1-propanol exposure following repeated inhalation over 28- and 90-day periods in male and female B6C3F1 mice to confirm the potential target organs and to determine the no-observable-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs). Five mice of each sex were exposed to 1-propanol at concentrations of 0, 100, 400, or 1600 ppm for 28 days and showed no consequent toxicity. Following this, ten mice of each sex were exposed at concentrations of 0, 500, 1600, or 5200 ppm for 90 days. We observed no effects on food consumption, body weight, organ weight, clinical signs, hematology and biochemistry parameters, or gross or histological features even at the maximum concentration. Therefore, the NOAEL of inhaled 1-propanol was defined as 5200 ppm (12.8 mg/L) for male and female mice under study conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8191 , 1687-8205
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/9172569
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2495098-1
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Experimental Study on Reinforced Concrete Column Incased in Prefabricated Permanent Thin-Walled Steel Form
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Conventional construction methods of reinforced concrete (RC) structures generally require a long construction period and high costs due to many on-site temporary form works. In this study, a prefabricated permanent thin-walled steel form integrated with reinforcement cage (PPSFRC) was developed, and it makes for a fast-built construction by reducing the temporary form works. Axial compression tests were conducted on a total of 9 test specimens to investigate the structural performances of the newly developed columns. The proposed column construction method utilized relatively thinner steel plates compared to conventional concrete-filled tube (CFT) columns, but it was designed to have sufficient resistance performances against the lateral pressure of fresh concrete and to prevent the buckling of the thin plates by utilizing the steel angles and channel stiffeners prefabricated in the permanent thin-walled steel form. The experimental results showed that the column specimens fabricated by the PPSFRC method had better local buckling resistance and behaved in a more ductile manner compared to the conventional CFT columns. In addition, the axial strengths of the test specimens were compared with those estimated by design provisions, and the flexural moments induced by initial imperfection or accidental eccentricity of axial loads were also discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8434 , 1687-8442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/3806549
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2501025-6
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Artemisia iwayomogi plus Curcuma longa Synergistically Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in HepG2 Cells
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-9
    Abstract: The combination of Artemisia iwayomogi and Curcuma longa radix is frequently prescribed for liver diseases in TKM. However, the synergic effects of the two herbs on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have not yet been studied. Therefore, we investigated the anti-NASH effects of the water extract of A. iwayomogi (AI), C. longa radix (CL), and combination of the two herbs (ACE). Hepatic steatosis and NASH were induced in HepG2 cells by treatment with palmitic acid (PA, for 6 h) with/without pretreatment of ACE (25 or 50  μ g/mL), AI (50 or 100  μ g/mL), CL (50 or 100  μ g/mL), curcumin (5  μ g/mL), or scopoletin (5  μ g/mL). The PA treatment (200  μ M) drastically altered intracellular triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, and expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism (CD36, SREBP1c, PPAR- γ , and PPAR- α ), whereas pretreatment with ACE significantly attenuated these alterations. ACE also protected HepG2 cells from PA- (300  μ M-) induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis and attenuated the related key molecules including GRP78, eIF2, and CHOP, respectively. In conclusion, we found synergic effects of A. iwayomogi and C. longa on NASH, supporting the clinical potential for fatty liver disorders. In addition, modulation of ER stress-relative molecules would be involved in its underlying mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/4390636
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Combination Therapy of Sophoraflavanone B against MRSA: In Vitro Synergy Testing
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Sophoraflavanone B (SPF-B), a known prenylated flavonoid, was isolated from the roots of Desmodium caudatum . The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial synergism of SPF-B combined with antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA, a multidrug-resistant pathogen, causes both hospital- and community-acquired infections worldwide. The antimicrobial activity of SPF-B was assessed by the broth microdilution method, checkerboard dilution test, and time-kill curve assay. The MIC of SPF-B for 7 strains of S. aureus ranges from 15.6 to 31.25  μ g/mL determined. In the checkerboard method, the combinations of SPF-B with antibiotics had a synergistic effect; SPF-B markedly reduced the MICs of the β -lactam antibiotics: ampicillin (AMP) and oxacillin (OXI); aminoglycosides gentamicin (GET); quinolones ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR) against MRSA. The time-kill curves assay showed that a combined SPF-B and selected antibiotics treatment reduced the bacterial counts below the lowest detectable limit after 24 h. These data suggest that the antibacterial activity of SPF-B against MRSA can be effectively increased through its combination with three groups of antibiotics ( β -lactams, aminoglycosides, and quinolones). Our research can be a valuable and significant source for the development of a new antibacterial drug with low MRSA resistance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/823794
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
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