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  • Hindawi Limited  (10)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vascular Protective Effects of Malus toringoides (Rehd.) Hughes Extracts and their Mechanism in Diabetic Rats and HUVECs
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2022 ( 2022-10-19), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-10-19), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Malus toringoides (Rehd.) Hughes (Rosaceae) is used as a traditional folk medicine in the Tibet autonomous region of China to treat hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. However, few modern pharmacological data on the use of this plant against diabetic syndrome are available. In this study, we examined the vascular protection provided by a 70% ethanol extract of M. toringoides (EMT) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) grown in high-glucose medium and in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced rat diabetes model. EMT significantly suppressed the expression of cell adhesion molecules in both HUVECs and diabetic rats. EMT also inhibited activation of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. The results provide a significant information on the vasoprotective properties of M. toringoides that may contribute to the development and application of related herbal medicines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/4348435
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Icariin Prevents IL-1 β -Induced Apoptosis in Human Nucleus Pulposus via the PI3K/AKT Pathway
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-12
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-12
    Abstract: Purpose . To explore the effect and possible mechanism of icariin, a prenylated flavonol glycoside derived from the Chinese herb Epimedium sagittatum that was applied to IL-1 β pretreated human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Methods . Human NP cells were isolated from intervertebral discs of patients with scoliosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis. The cells were divided into five groups: A (blank control); B (20 ng/ml IL-1 β ); C (20 ng/ml IL-1 β + 20  μ M icariin); D (20  μ M icariin + 20 ng/ml IL-1 β + 25  μ M LY294002); E (20 ng/ml IL-1 β + 25  μ M LY294002). For each of the five groups, the CCK8, apoptosis rates, ROS rates, and JC-1 rates were determined and an electron micrograph was performed. Different expression levels of apoptosis proteins and proteins in the PI3K/AKT pathway were detected via western blot. Results . We found that the damage effects on human nucleus pulposus cells from 20 ng/ml of IL-1 β exposure were attenuated by icariin. When the PI3K/AKT pathway was blocked by LY294002, a specific inhibitor of this pathway, the protective effect of icariin was impaired. In summary, icariin might be a protective traditional Chinese medicine, which prevents inflammation-induced degeneration of intervertebral discs partly through the PI3K/AKT pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/2198323
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ciRS-7 Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Negatively Regulating the miR-7/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Axis
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-22), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-22), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Purpose . The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is increasing, and traditional diagnostic methods are unsatisfactory. Therefore, identifying novel prognostic markers is very important. ciRS-7 has been found to play an important role in many cancers, but its role in PTC has not been reported. This study was performed to evaluate the biological role and mechanism of ciRS-7 in PTC. Material and Methods . The expression of ciRS-7 in PTC tissues and the matched adjacent tissues was determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The PTC cell lines (TPC-1 and BCPAP) were used to evaluate the role of ciRS-7. ciRS-7-siRNA and overexpression plasmid were constructed and transfected into PTC cells. A CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay were performed to explore the effects of ciRS-7 on cell proliferation. Annexin V/PI staining and FACS detection were used to detect cell apoptosis. Wound healing assay was performed to detect cell migration. A transwell assay was conducted to explore the effects of ciRS-7 on invasion and migration. Western blotting was performed to evaluate protein expression. The luciferase reporter system was used to determine the underlying mechanism of miR-7. Result . ciRS-7 was highly expressed in PTC tissues and cell lines compared with the corresponding controls. In vitro study showed that ciRS-7 silencing suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of TPC-1 and BCPAP. Mechanistically, the effects of ciRS-7 on invasion and migration may be related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). ciRS-7 silencing could attenuate effects on PTC cells induced by miR-7 knockdown. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which was demonstrated to be a target of miR-7, decreased significantly in ciRS-7-siRNA PTC cells. Overexpression of EGFR also attenuated effects of PTC cells induced by silencing ciRS-7. Conclusion . ciRS-7 was significantly upregulated in PTC tissues, and it promoted the progression of PTC by regulating the miR-7/EGFR axis. ciRS-7 is a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in PTC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/9875636
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Preventive Intervention with Ketogenic Diet Mediated by the Histone Acetylation of mGluR5 Promotor Region in Rat Parkinson’s Disease Model: A Dual-Tracer PET Study
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Parkinson's Disease Vol. 2022 ( 2022-9-5), p. 1-12
    Details
    In: Parkinson's Disease, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-9-5), p. 1-12
    Abstract: Background and Objectives. The exact pathological mechanism of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains elusive, and the existing therapies fail to reverse the disease progression. This study intended to explore the epigenetic anti-inflammatory mechanism of ketogenic diet (KD). Materials and Methods. The neuroprotective effect of ketosis state prior to the onset of PD (preventive KD, KDp) was compared with that receiving KD after the onset (therapeutic KD, KDt) in the lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced rat PD model. A total of 100 rats were randomly assigned to the following 4 groups: sham, LPS, LPS + KDp, and LPS + KDt groups. Results. Significant dopamine deficient behaviors (rotational behavior and contralateral forelimb akinesia), upregulation of proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), loss of dopaminergic neurons, reduction of mGluR5+ microglia cells, increase of TSPO+ microglia cells, reduction of H3K9 acetylation in the mGluR5 promoter region and mGluR5 mRNA expression, and decline in the phosphorylation levels of Akt/GSK-3β/CREB pathway were observed after the intervention of LPS ( P 〈 0.01 ). TSPO and DAT PET imaging revealed the increased uptake of 18F-DPA-714 in substantia nigra and decreased uptake of 18F-FP-CIT in substantia nigra and striatum in LPS-treated rats ( P 〈 0.001 ). These impairments were alleviated by the dietary intervention of KD, especially with the strategy of KDp ( P 〈 0.05 ). Conclusions. The anti-inflammatory effect of KD on PD was supposed to be related to the modulation of Akt/GSK-3β/CREB signaling pathway mediated by the histone acetylation of mGluR5 promotor region. The KD intervention should be initiated prior to the PD onset in high-risk population to achieve a more favorable outcome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2042-0080 , 2090-8083
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/3506213
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2573854-9
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  • 5
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    Toward Identifying APT Malware through API System Calls
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Security and Communication Networks Vol. 2021 ( 2021-12-9), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: Security and Communication Networks, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-12-9), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Self-developed malware was usually used by advanced persistent threat (APT) attackers to launch APT attacks. Therefore, we can enhance the understanding and cognition of APT attacks by comprehending the behavior of APT malware. Unfortunately, the current research cannot effectively explain the relationship between the recognition, detection, and defense of APT. The model of similar studies also lacks an explanation about it. To defend against APT attacks and inquire about the similarity of different APT attacks, this study proposes an APT malware classification method based on a combination of multiple deep learning algorithms and transfer learning by collecting malware used in several famous APT groups in public. By extracting the application programming interface (API) system calls, with the vector representation of features by combining dynamic LSTM and attention algorithm, we can obtain API at different APT families classification contributions trained dynamic. Thus, we used transfer learning to perform multiple classifications of the APT family. This study aims to reduce the burden of network security staff from reviewing a large number of suspicious files when defending against APT attacks. Additionally, it can effectively intercept them in the initial invasion stage of APT to perform targeted defense against specific APT attacks by combining threat intelligence in public. The experimental result shows that the proposed method can achieve 99.2% in distinguishing common malware from APT malware and assign APT malware to different APT families with an accuracy of 95.5%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1939-0122 , 1939-0114
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/8077220
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2415104-X
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Icariin Prevents H 2 O 2 -Induced Apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt Pathway in Rat Nucleus Pulposus Intervertebral Disc Cells
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Icariin is a prenylated flavonol glycoside derived from the Chinese herb Epimedium sagittatum. This study investigated the mechanism by which icariin prevents H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. NP cells were isolated from the rat intervertebral disc and they were divided into five groups after 3 passages: (A) blank control; (B) 200  μ M H 2 O 2 ; (C) 200  μ M H 2 O 2 + 20  μ M icariin; (D) 20  μ M icariin + 200  μ M H 2 O 2 + 25  μ M LY294002; (E) 200  μ M H 2 O 2 + 25  μ M LY294002. LY294002 is a selective inhibitor of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. NP cell viability, apoptosis rate, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, and the expression of AKT, p-AKT, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 were estimated. The results show that, compared with the control group, H 2 O 2 significantly increased NP cell apoptosis and the level of intracellular ROS. Icariin pretreatment significantly decreased H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis and intracellular ROS and upregulated p-Akt and BCL-2 and downregulated caspase-3 and Bax. LY294002 abolished the protective effects of icariin. Our results show that icariin can attenuate H2O2-induced apoptosis in rat nucleus pulposus cells and PI3K/AKT pathway is at least partly included in this protection effect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/2694261
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Dealing with Insufficient Location Fingerprints in Wi-Fi Based Indoor Location Fingerprinting
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-11
    Abstract: The development of the Internet of Things has accelerated research in the indoor location fingerprinting technique, which provides value-added localization services for existing WLAN infrastructures without the need for any specialized hardware. The deployment of a fingerprinting based localization system requires an extremely large amount of measurements on received signal strength information to generate a location fingerprint database. Nonetheless, this requirement can rarely be satisfied in most indoor environments. In this paper, we target one but common situation when the collected measurements on received signal strength information are insufficient, and show limitations of existing location fingerprinting methods in dealing with inadequate location fingerprints. We also introduce a novel method to reduce noise in measuring the received signal strength based on the maximum likelihood estimation, and compute locations from inadequate location fingerprints by using the stochastic gradient descent algorithm. Our experiment results show that our proposed method can achieve better localization performance even when only a small quantity of RSS measurements is available. Especially when the number of observations at each location is small, our proposed method has evident superiority in localization accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1530-8669 , 1530-8677
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/1268515
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2045240-8
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Automated Particle Shape Identification and Quantification for DEM Simulation of Rockfill Materials in Subgrade Construction
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 2022 ( 2022-3-4), p. 1-16
    Details
    In: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-3-4), p. 1-16
    Abstract: Rockfill materials, conducted by impermeable stone, are frequently used in subgrade construction projects. The irregularity and variability of particle shape are demonstrated to affect the mechanical properties of rockfill subgrade, such as void ratio and coordination number. This study first identifies the subgrade rockfill particle contour by machine learning algorithms, including AdaBoost, Cascade, and sliding windows. Then, the shape evaluation indexes of length flatness, edge angle, and roughness are quantified, and the statistical analysis of each index is presented. In addition, the discrete element method (DEM) simulation is implemented on the compaction of rockfill subgrade to explore the impact of roundness on characteristics of particles. Finally, the macroanalysis on the void ratio and cumulative settlement and the microanalysis on particle coordination number, rotation momentum, and displacement are studied. The results illustrate that roundness has a significant effect on the mechanical characteristics of subgrade rockfill materials. With the increase of rolling passes, the porosity of packing decreases, whereas the settlement increases gradually. The change rate starts fast and ends slowly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8442 , 1687-8434
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/5043729
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2501025-6
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  • 9
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    Treadmill Training Reduces Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis through Activation of SLC7A11/GPX4
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Vol. 2022 ( 2022-6-6), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-6-6), p. 1-11
    Abstract: The mechanism by which exercise training attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, especially in the regulation of iron level in neuronal damage, has not been systematically studied. Here, we showed that treadmill training inhibited ferroptosis after I/R injury in rats. Modified neurologic severity score (mNSS) test showed that the motor function, reflex, and balance abilities in the I/R injury rats after treadmill intervention were significantly improved. Treadmill training decreased the level of lipid peroxides in the cerebral cortex of ischemic rats. We found that the protein levels of ferroptosis-related proteins including nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), cystine/glutamate reverse transporter (SLC7A11), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) were decreased in rats after cerebral I/R injury, while treadmill training prevented the reduction of these proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrated that erastin- (a ferroptosis activator-) induced downregulation of SLC7A11 reversed the neuroprotective effect of treadmill training. This study provides the first evidence suggesting that treadmill training suppresses ferroptosis by activating the SLC7A11/GPx4 pathway, thereby protecting against cerebral I/R injury.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-0994 , 1942-0900
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/8693664
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2455981-7
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  • 10
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    Stopping the Cyberattack in the Early Stage: Assessing the Security Risks of Social Network Users
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  Security and Communication Networks Vol. 2019 ( 2019-07-11), p. 1-14
    Details
    In: Security and Communication Networks, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-07-11), p. 1-14
    Abstract: Online social networks have become an essential part of our daily life. While we are enjoying the benefits from the social networks, we are inevitably exposed to the security threats, especially the serious Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attack. The attackers can launch targeted cyberattacks on a user by analyzing its personal information and social behaviors. Due to the wide variety of social engineering techniques and undetectable zero-day exploits being used by attackers, the detection techniques of intrusion are increasingly difficult. Motivated by the fact that the attackers usually penetrate the social network to either propagate malwares or collect sensitive information, we propose a method to assess the security risk of the user being attacked so that we can take defensive measures such as security education, training, and awareness before users are attacked. In this paper, we propose a novel user analysis model to find potential victims by analyzing a large number of users’ personal information and social behaviors in social networks. For each user, we extract three kinds of features, i.e., statistical features, social-graph features, and semantic features. These features will become the input of our user analysis model, and the security risk score will be calculated. The users with high security risk score will be alarmed so that the risk of being attacked can be reduced. We have implemented an effective user analysis model and evaluated it on a real-world dataset collected from a social network, namely, Sina Weibo (Weibo). The results show that our model can effectively assess the risk of users’ activities in social networks with a high area under the ROC curve of 0.9607.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1939-0114 , 1939-0122
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/3053418
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
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