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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Combined Triptolide and Paeoniflorin Regimen for Percutaneous Administration in Rats Assessed by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-7-8), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-7-8), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Triptolide (TP) has shown potential in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, but the narrow therapeutic window limits its clinical application. In clinical practice, the compatibility of Tripterygium wilfordii and Paeonia lactiflora is often used to attenuate the toxicity of TP, but its compatibility mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a combined regimen of TP and paeoniflorin (PF) after transdermal administration in male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats via a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. The results showed that after percutaneous administration of TP and PF, there was no significant difference in AUC (0-t) (area under the curve) of TP, the peak concentration decreased by 58.17%, and the peak time was delayed. The AUC (0-t) of PF increased significantly ( P   〈  0.01), the peak-reaching concentration and AUC (0-∞) increased, and the half-life and average retention time were shortened, indicating that TP absorption in rats may be delayed. After percutaneous administration of TP and PF, the content of TP in the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys of male rats significantly decreased at 2 h ( P   〈  0.05) and the drug concentration in the liver tissues significantly decreased at 2 h, 4 h, and 8 h ( P   〈  0.05). The TP content in the spleen of female rats significantly decreased at 2 h and 4 h ( P   〈  0.05) and also decreased in other tissues, but not significantly. After percutaneous administration of TP and PF, the PF content in the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys of male and female rats had no significant difference. However, after percutaneous administration of TP and PF, the TP concentration in the skin increased, suggesting that the amount of TP retained in the skin increased, thereby reducing its content in blood and tissues, producing a reduction in toxicity effect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/8864273
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Are Prone to Diabetic Retinopathy: A Twelve-Province Cross-Sectional Study in China
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2020 ( 2020-04-21), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-04-21), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Aims . To investigate the distribution of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by sex in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a twelve-province cross-sectional study in China. Methods . Patients with T2DM, whose ages were ≥18 years, were recruited from 76 cities/counties in 12 provinces in mainland China between January 2015 and December 2018. All participants received a standardized interview, eye examinations, and digital fundus photography. The presence and severity of DR were diagnosed and classified by retina specialists according to the DR domestic typing method. Results . A total of 12,766 participants (5963 males and 6803 females) were eligible for this study. The total prevalence of DR was 30.1%. Females exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of DR than males (31.1% vs. 29.0%, P = 0.011 ). A multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that female sex was an independent predictor for a higher prevalence of DR after adjusting for age, the duration of diabetes, economic status, and the presence of hypertension (OR: 1.096, 95% CI: 1.013-1.186, P = 0.023 ). Even after stratification by the diabetic duration, age, and economic status, female sex was still independently associated with the presence of DR in patients whose T2DM history was more than 10 years, whose ages were over 60 years, or who were in a relatively intermediate economic area. Conclusion . Females had a higher prevalence of DR than males in T2DM patients with a diabetic history of more than 10 years, ages over 60 years, or a relatively intermediate economic status.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6745 , 2314-6753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/5814296
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711897-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Uncovering the Protective Mechanism of the Volatile Oil of Acorus tatarinowii against Acute Myocardial Ischemia Injury Using Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2021 ( 2021-6-22), p. 1-16
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-6-22), p. 1-16
    Abstract: Acorus tatarinowii is a traditional aromatic resuscitation drug that can be clinically used to prevent cardiovascular diseases. The volatile oil of Acorus tatarinowii (VOA) possesses important medicinal properties, including protection against acute myocardial ischemia (MI) injury. However, the pharmacodynamic material basis and molecular mechanisms underlying this protective effect remain unclear. Using network pharmacology and animal experiments, we studied the mechanisms and pathways implicated in the activity of VOA against acute MI injury. First, VOA was extracted from three batches of Acorus tatarinowii using steam distillation, and then, its chemical composition was determined by GC-MS. Next, the components-targets and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using systematic network pharmacology. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were also conducted in order to predict the possible pharmacodynamic mechanisms. Furthermore, animal experiments including ELISAs, histological examinations, and Western blots were performed in order to validate the pharmacological effects of VOA. In total, 33 chemical components were identified in VOA, and ß-asarone was found to be the most abundant component. Based on network pharmacology analysis, the therapeutic effects of VOA against myocardial ischemia might be mediated by signaling pathways involving COX-2, PPAR-α, VEGF, and cAMP. Overall, the obtained results indicate that VOA alleviates the pathological manifestations of isoproterenol-hydrochloride-induced myocardial ischemia in rats, including the decreased SOD (superoxide dismutase) content and increased LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) content. Moreover, the anti-MI effect of VOA might be attributed to the downregulation of the COX-2 protein that inhibits apoptosis, the upregulation of the PPAR-α protein that regulates energy metabolism, and the activation of VEGF and cAMP signaling pathways.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-4288 , 1741-427X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/6630795
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effectiveness of Cupping Therapy on Relieving Chronic Neck and Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Hindawi Limited ; 2016
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-7
    Abstract: The research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cupping therapy (CT) in changes on skin surface temperature (SST) for relieving chronic neck and shoulder pain (NSP) among community residents. A single-blind experimental design constituted of sixty subjects with self-perceived NSP. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. The cupping group received CT at SI 15, GB 21, and LI 15 acupuncture points, and the control group received no intervention. Pain was assessed using the SST, visual analog scale (VAS), and blood pressure (BP). The main results were SST of GB 21 acupuncture point raised from 30.6°C to 32.7°C and from 30.7°C to 30.6°C in the control group. Neck pain intensity (NPI) severity scores were reduced from 9.7 to 3.6 in the cupping group and from 9.7 to 9.5 in the control group. The SST and NPI differences between the groups were statistically significant ( P   〈   0.001 ). One treatment of CT is shown to increase SST. In conjunction with the physiological effect the subjective experience of NSP is reduced in intensity. Further studies are required to improve the understanding and potential long-term effects of CT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/7358918
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effect of Geometrical Parameters on Resonance Characteristics of Acoustic Metamaterials with Negative Effective Modulus
    Hindawi Limited ; 2018
    In:  Advances in Condensed Matter Physics Vol. 2018 ( 2018), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Advances in Condensed Matter Physics, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2018 ( 2018), p. 1-8
    Abstract: There has been an explosion of interest in acoustic metamaterial in the last ten years. The tunable negative acoustic metamaterial is an important issue for designing metamaterials. The acoustic metamaterial is restricted by the narrow bandgap of sound waves for the local resonance of metamaterial unit cells. By shifting the sizes of the unit cell, the acoustic metamaterial could potentially overcome the limit of the narrow resonance frequency. In this research, we focus on the resonant behavior of split hollow sphere (SHS) in the waveguide. Firstly, we analyze the resonance characteristics of SHS and get an analytical formula for the effect of geometrical parameters on the resonance frequency. Furthermore, the resonance frequency of SHS is verified with finite-element method analysis based on COMSOL Multiphysics simulation. The results are in good agreement with theory model. It is observed that there is a blue shift of the resonance frequency with the gradual increase of the neck radius of SHS, a V-type response curve with the increase of inner radius of SHS, and a red shift with the increase of outer radius of SHS. Using the method of estimate of resonance, we could get a precisely controllable unit structure with negative effective modulus and offer a way to optimize the realization of double negative acoustic metamaterial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8108 , 1687-8124
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2018/4847036
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2501251-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tissue Distribution Comparison of Six Active Ingredients from an Eucommiae Cortex Extract between Normal and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-08), p. 1-16
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-08), p. 1-16
    Abstract: Eucommiae Cortex (EC), a rare, nourishing medicinal herb that is native in China, has good effect in the treatment of hypertension. In this study, we compared tissue distribution of six representative active components of EC extract—genipinic acid (GA), protocatechuic acid (PCA), neochlorogenic acid (NCA), chlorogenic acid (CA), (+)-pinoresinol di-O- β -D-glucopyranoside (PDG), and (+)-pinoresinol 4′-O- β -D-glucopyranoside (PG)—between normal rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Each rat was intragastrically given EC extract at a dose of 5.4 g/kg. Rats were sacrificed at 10 min, 30 min, 2 h, and 8 h after administration; six rats were sacrificed at each time point. Then, we quickly harvested their major organs, including heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and brain. Using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), we determined the levels of the above mentioned six components in the organs of both types of rats and then analyzed differences in the tissue distribution. The results showed that levels of each component differed between SHRs and the normal group at each time point. As time progressed, the number of organs in which GA distribution in each tissue of SHRs differed from that of the normal group gradually increased: SHRs showed lower GA levels than normal rats. Levels of PG and PDG in both groups at 10 and 30 min were similar. NCA and CA in the SHR group and the normal group at 10 min, 30 min, and 2 h were also similar to some extent. The results indicated that the pathological state of spontaneous hypertension could affect tissue distribution of EC active components in rats.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/2049059
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Xingnaojing Injection on Adenosinergic Transmission and Orexin Signaling in Lateral Hypothalamus of Ethanol-Induced Coma Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2019 ( 2019-06-27), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-06-27), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Acute alcohol exposure induces unconscious condition such as coma whose main physical manifestation is the loss of righting reflex (LORR). Xingnaojing Injection (XNJI), which came from Chinese classic formula An Gong Niu Huang Pill, is widely used for consciousness disorders in China, such as coma. Although XNJI efficiently shortened the duration of LORR induced by acute ethanol, it remains unknown how XNJI acts on ethanol-induced coma (EIC). We performed experiments to examine the effects of XNJI on orexin and adenosine (AD) signaling in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) in EIC rats. Results showed that XNJI reduced the duration of LORR, which implied that XNJI promotes recovery form coma. Microdialysis data indicated that acute ethanol significantly increased AD release in the LHA but had no effect on orexin A levels. The qPCR results displayed a significant reduction in the Orexin-1 receptors (OX 1 R) expression with a concomitant increase in the A 1 receptor (A 1 R) and equilibrative nucleoside transporter type 1 (ENT1) expression in EIC rats. In contrast, XNJI reduced the extracellular AD levels but orexin A levels remained unaffected. XNJI also counteracted the downregulation of the OX 1 R expression and upregulation of A 1 R and ENT1 expression caused by EIC. As for ADK expression, XNJI but not ethanol, displayed an upregulation in the LHA in EIC rats. Based on these results, we suggest that XNJI promotes arousal by inhibiting adenosine neurotransmission via reducing AD level and the expression of A 1 R and ENT1.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/2389485
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cutaneous Vasculitis, Interstitial Pneumonia with Crazy-Paving Appearance, and Positive pANCA in a Patient with Severe Crohn’s Disease
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Cutaneous vasculitis, interstitial pneumonia with crazy-paving appearance on high-resolution computed tomography, and repeated positive perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) are rarely found together in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the existing literature. We report the case of a Chinese patient previously diagnosed with cutaneous vasculitis and interstitial pneumonia, who presented with acute pain and mass in his right lower quadrant a couple of years later. The terminal ileum biopsy and postoperative pathology confirmed Crohn’s disease (CD).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-6528 , 2090-6536
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/485714
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2627636-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of echocardiographic left ventricular structure and −344C/T aldosterone synthase gene variant: A meta-analysis
    Hindawi Limited ; 2015
    In:  Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2015-12), p. 858-871
    Details
    In: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2015-12), p. 858-871
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1470-3203 , 1752-8976
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1470320314535459
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2261873-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantitative Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound That Can Be Used to Evaluate Angiogenesis during Patellar Tendon Healing in Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Vol. 2022 ( 2022-10-13), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-10-13), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Objective. To investigate the efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in quantitatively evaluating angiogenesis during patellar tendon healing in rats. Methods. A total of 40 Sprague–Dawley rats were used in this study. The patellar tendons of 30 rats (60 limbs) that underwent incision and suture were treated as the operation group and monitored after 7, 14, and 28 days. The normal patellar tendons of 10 rats (20 limbs) were treated as the control group and monitored on day 0. The ultrasound examination was used to evaluate the structure and blood perfusion of the patellar tendon. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess angiogenesis, and the biomechanical test was used to verify functional recovery of the patellar tendon. Results. The tendons in the operation group were significantly thickened compared with those in the control group ( p   〈  0.01). The peak intensity (PI) in CEUS of the tendons showed a clear difference at each time point after the surgery ( p   〈  0.01). PI increased in the operation group with a maximum on day 7, and then gradually decreased until day 28 when PI was close to the basic intensity (BI) in the control group ( p   〉  0.05). It was consistent with the change of the CD31-positive staining areas representing angiogenesis of the injured patellar tendons. The PI was positively correlated with the CD31-positive staining area fraction (R = 0.849, p   〈  0.001). The failure load and tensile strength of the repaired patellar tendons in the operation group increased over time. The PI showed negative correlations with the failure load (R = −0.787, p   〈  0.001) and tensile strength (R = −0.714, p   〈  0.001). Conclusion. The PI in CEUS could quantitatively reflect the time-dependent change in the blood supply of the healing site, and the PI correlated with histologic and biomechanical properties of the healing tendon. Quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound could be a useful method to evaluate angiogenesis in healing tendons.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1555-4317 , 1555-4309
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/6867743
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2222967-X
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