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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic and Biological Effects of ICAM-1 E469K Polymorphism in Diabetic Kidney Disease
    Hindawi Limited ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-15), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2020 ( 2020-06-15), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a complex disease, in which local inflammatory stress results from both metabolic and hemodynamic derangements. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is an acute-phase protein marker of inflammation. In the recent years, clinical observations have reported that increased serum/plasma ICAM-1 levels are positively correlated with albuminuria in the patients with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Genetic association studies have demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms, including SNP rs5498 (E469K, G/A), in the ICAM1 gene is associated with DKD. rs5498 is a nonsynonymous SNP and caused by substitution between E (Glu) and K (Lys) for ICAM-1 protein. In this review, we first summarized the genetic effects of ICAM1 E469K polymorphism in DKD and then demonstrated the possible changes of ICAM-1 protein crystal structures according to the genotypes of this polymorphism. Finally, we discussed the genetic effects of the ICAM1 E469K polymorphism and the biological role of increased circulating ICAM-1 protein and its formation changes in DKD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6745 , 2314-6753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2020/8305460
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711897-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improved Insulin Sensitivity during Pioglitazone Treatment Is Associated with Changes in IGF-I and Cortisol Secretion in Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  ISRN Endocrinology Vol. 2013 ( 2013-01-15), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: ISRN Endocrinology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013-01-15), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Background . Hypercortisolism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) share clinical characteristics. We examined pioglitazone's effects on the GH-IGF-I and HPA axes in men with varying glucose intolerance. Methods . 10 men with T2D and 10 with IGT received pioglitazone 30–45 mg for 12 weeks. OGTT with microdialysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue and 1  μ g ACTH-stimulation test were performed before and after. Glucose, insulin, IGF-I, IGFBP1, and interstitial measurements were analyzed during the OGTT. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using HOMA-IR. Results . HOMA-IR improved in both groups. IGF-I was initially lower in T2D subjects () and increased during treatment ( to SD; ); no change was seen in IGT ( SD before and during treatment). Fasting glycerol decreased in T2D (), indicating reduced lipolysis. Fasting cortisol decreased in T2D ( to  nmol/L; ) but increased in IGT ( to  nmol/L; ). Peak cortisol was lower in T2D during treatment ( to , versus to  nmol/L in IGT; ). Conclusions . Pioglitazone improved adipose tissue and liver insulin sensitivity in both groups. This may explain increased IGF-I in T2D. Pioglitazone affected cortisol levels in both groups but differently, suggesting different mechanisms for improving insulin sensitivity between T2D and IGT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-4649
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/148497
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2623566-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of the Association of Plasma Pentraxin 3 Levels with Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in a Malay Population
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Research, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Recent reports have demonstrated that elevated plasma long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) levels are associated with cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. In the current study, we investigated the plasma PTX3 levels in 296 Malay subjects including the subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with or without DN by using an enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay. Results showed that in males, plasma PTX3 levels in T2DM patients without DN were lower than that in the subjects with NGT (2.78 versus 3.98 ng/mL; P = 0.021 ). Plasma PTX3 levels in T2DM patients with DN were decreased compared to the patients without DN (1.63 versus 2.78 ng/mL; P = 0.013 ). In females, however, no significant alteration of plasma PTX3 levels among NGT subjects and T2DM patients with and without DN was detected. Furthermore, an inverse correlation between PTX3 and body mass index was found in male subjects with NGT ( P = 0.012 ; r = - 0.390 ), but not in male T2DM patients, neither in all females. The current study provided the first evidence that decreased plasma PTX3 levels are associated with T2DM and DN in Malay men and also suggested that PTX3 may have different effects in DN and chronic kidney diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6745 , 2314-6753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/298019
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711897-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Increased Urine IgM and IgG 2 Levels, Indicating Decreased Glomerular Size Selectivity, Are Not Affected by Dalteparin Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
    Hindawi Limited ; 2012
    In:  Biochemistry Research International Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Biochemistry Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2012 ( 2012), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients with neuroischemic foot ulcers were randomised to treatment with 5000 IU of dalteparin, ( n = 28 ), or physiological saline, ( n = 26 ), once daily until ulcer healing or for a maximum of 6 months. Thirty-three patients had normo-, 15 micro-, and 6 macroalbuminuria. The urinary levels of IgM and IgG 2 were elevated in 47 and 50 patients, respectively. Elevated urinary levels of IgM and IgG 2 indicate decreased glomerular size selectivity. Urine IgM levels were associated with IGF-1/IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-1 levels. Dalteparin treatment increased urinary levels of glycosaminoglycans ( P 〈 0.001 ) and serum IGFBP-1 ( P 〈 0.05 ) while no significant effects were seen in any of the other studied parameters. In conclusion, dalteparin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes had no effects on urinary levels of albumin, IgM, or IgG 2 despite significantly increased glycosaminoglycans in urine. Elevated urinary levels of IgM and IgG 2 might be more sensitive markers of renal disease than albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and antihypertensive therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-2247 , 2090-2255
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2012/480529
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2566725-7
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