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  • Hindawi Limited  (7)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Randomized Controlled Trial of Chinese Medicine on Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Parkinson's Disease Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Parkinson's Disease, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson’s disease (PD) have devastating impacts on both patients and their caregivers. Jiawei-Liujunzi Tang (JLT) has been used to treat some NMS of PD based on the Chinese medicine theory since Qing dynasty. Here we report a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, add-on clinical trial aiming at evaluating the efficacy and safety of the JLT in treating NMS in PD patients. We randomly assigned 111 patients with idiopathic PD to receive either JLT or placebo for 32 weeks. Outcome measures were baseline to week 32 changes in Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Parts I–IV and in NMS assessment scale for PD (NMSS). We observed improvements in the NMSS total score ( p = 0.019 ), mood/cognition ( p = 0.005 ), and reduction in hallucinations ( p = 0.024 ). In addition, post hoc analysis showed a significant reduction in constipation ( p 〈 0.001 ). However, there was no evidence of improvement in MDS-UPDRS Part I total score ( p = 0.216 ) at week 32. Adverse events (AEs) were mild and comparable between the two groups. In conclusion, long-term administration of JLT is well tolerated and shows significant benefits in improving NMS including mood, cognition, and constipation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-8083 , 2042-0080
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/1902708
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2573854-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Alpha-Asarone Protects Endothelial Cells from Injury by Angiotensin II
    Hindawi Limited ; 2014
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2014 ( 2014), p. 1-7
    Abstract: α -Asarone is the major therapeutical constituent of Acorus tatarinowii Schott. In this study, the potential protective effects of α -asarone against endothelial cell injury induced by angiotensin II were investigated in vitro . The EA.hy926 cell line derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells was pretreated with α -asarone (10, 50, 100 µmol/L) for 1 h, followed by coincubation with Ang II (0.1 µmol/L) for 24 h. Intracellular nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by fluorescent dyes, and phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) at Ser 1177 was determined by Western blotting. α -Asarone dose-dependently mitigated the Ang II-induced intracellular NO reduction ( P 〈 0.01 versus model) and ROS production ( P 〈 0.01 versus model). Furthermore, eNOS phosphorylation ( Ser 1177 ) by acetylcholine was significantly inhibited by Ang II, while pretreatment for 1 h with α -asarone partially prevented this effect ( P 〈 0.05 versus model). Additionally, cell viability determined by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay (105~114.5% versus control, P 〉 0.05 ) was not affected after 24 h of incubation with α -asarone at 1–100 µmol/L. Therefore, α -asarone protects against Ang II-mediated damage of endothelial cells and may be developed to prevent injury to cardiovascular tissues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/682041
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Total Flavonoids from Radix Glycyrrhiza Exert Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumorigenic Effects by Inactivating iNOS Signaling Pathways
    Hindawi Limited ; 2018
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2018 ( 2018), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2018 ( 2018), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in inflammation, which has also been considered as a major driver of breast cancer disease progression. Radix Glycyrrhiza (RG) has been broadly used for its anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic effects. However, the mechanisms of regulation of iNOS in inflammation and cancer have not been fully explored. Total flavonoids isolated from RG (TFRG) exhibited anti-inflammatory activity through the regulation of ERK/NF- κ B/miR-155 signaling and suppression of iNOS expression in LPS/IFN- γ stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages without cytotoxicity. TFRG also markedly reduced tumor mass of breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 xenografts with suppression of iNOS expression, formation of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), and inactivation of protumorigenic JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These results suggested that TFRG limited the development of breast cancer and inflammation due to its property of iNOS inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2018/6714282
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anti-Inflammatory Effect of 1,3,5,7-Tetrahydroxy-8-isoprenylxanthone Isolated from Twigs of Garcinia esculenta on Stimulated Macrophage
    Hindawi Limited ; 2015
    In:  Mediators of Inflammation Vol. 2015 ( 2015), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Mediators of Inflammation, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2015 ( 2015), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Garcinia Linn. plants having rich natural xanthones and benzophenones with anti-inflammatory activity attracted a great deal of attention to discover and develop them as potential drug candidates. Through screening targeting nitric oxide accumulation in stimulated macrophage, we found that 1,3,5,7-tetrahydroxy-8-isoprenylxanthone (TIE) had potential anti-inflammatory effect. To understand how TIE elicits its anti-inflammatory activity, we uncovered that it significantly inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in LPS/IFN γ -stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In further study, we showed that TIE reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), two key molecules responsible for the production of NO and PGE2 during inflammation progress. Additionally, TIE also suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and TNF- α . TIE-led suppression in iNOS, COX-2, and cytokines production were probably the consequence of TIE’s capability to block ERK and p38MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, TIE blocked activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) as well as NF- κ B regulation of miR155 expression. Our study suggests that TIE may represent as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-9351 , 1466-1861
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2015/350564
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008065-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Vasodilatory Effects of Anti-Inflammatory Herb Medications: A Comparison Study of Four Botanical Extracts
    Hindawi Limited ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-15
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2017 ( 2017), p. 1-15
    Abstract: Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, in which, the endothelium dysfunction has been a key element. The current study was designed to explore the vasodilatory effect of anti-inflammatory herbs which have been traditionally used in different clinical applications. The total saponins from Actinidia arguta radix (SAA), total flavonoids from Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma (FGR), total coumarins from Peucedani radix (CPR), and total flavonoids from Spatholobi caulis (FSC) were extracted. The isometric measurement of vasoactivity was used to observe the effects of herbal elements on the isolated aortic rings with or without endothelium. To understand endothelium-independent vasodilation, the effects of herb elements on agonists-induced vasocontractility and on the contraction of endothelium-free aortic rings exposed to a Ca 2+ -free medium were examined. Furthermore, the role of nitric oxide signaling in endothelium-dependent vasodilation was also evaluated. In summary, FGR and FSC exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects compared to CPR and SAA. FGR exerts the strongest vasodilatory effect, while CPR shows the least. The relaxation induced by SAA and FSC required intact endothelia. The mechanism of this vasodilation might involve eNOS. CPR-mediated vasorelaxation appears to involve interference with intracellular calcium homeostasis, blocking Ca 2+ influx or releasing intracellular Ca 2+ .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2017/1021284
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CD226 Deficiency Alleviates Murine Allergic Rhinitis by Suppressing Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Responses
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  Mediators of Inflammation Vol. 2022 ( 2022-7-7), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: Mediators of Inflammation, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-7-7), p. 1-13
    Abstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an immunoglobulin E-mediated type 2 inflammation of the nasal mucosa that is mainly driven by type 2 helper T cells (Th2) and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). CD226 is a costimulatory molecule associated with inflammatory response and is mainly expressed on T cells, natural killer cells, and monocytes. This study is aimed at elucidating the role of CD226 in allergic inflammatory responses in murine AR using global and CD4+ T cell-specific Cd226 knockout (KO) mice. AR nasal symptoms were assessed based on the frequency of nose rubbing and sneezing. Hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid–Schiff staining and quantitative real-time PCR methods were used to determine eosinophils, goblet cells, and ILC2-associated mRNA levels in the nasal tissues of mice. CD226 levels on ILC2s were detected using flow cytometry, and an immunofluorescence double staining assay was employed to determine the number of ILC2s in the nasal mucosa. The results showed that global Cd226 KO mice, but not CD4+ T cell-specific Cd226 KO mice, exhibited attenuated AR nasal symptoms. Eosinophil recruitment, goblet cell proliferation, and Th2-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced, which resulted in the alleviation of allergic and inflammatory responses. ILC2s in the murine nasal mucosa expressed higher levels of CD226 after ovalbumin stimulation, and CD226 deficiency led to a reduction in the proportion of nasal ILC2s and ILC2-related inflammatory gene expression. Hence, the effect of CD226 on the AR mouse model may involve the regulation of ILC2 function rather than CD4+ T cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1466-1861 , 0962-9351
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/1756395
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008065-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Heart Protection by Herb Formula BanXia BaiZhu TianMa Decoction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
    Hindawi Limited ; 2019
    In:  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol. 2019 ( 2019-11-16), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2019 ( 2019-11-16), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Modern research has shown that BanXia BaiZhu TianMa decoction (BBT) has the potential effect of lowering BP in vitro and in vivo. However, its therapeutic mechanism has not been clearly defined. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of BBT on the heart by examining heart functioning and anti-inflammatory characteristics and to obtain scientific evidence for its further medical applications. BBT was extracted by decocting the herb extraction and analysed by HPLC. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was measured, and a histological examination of samples of the heart was performed. Inflammatory status was investigated by measuring tissue levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF- α ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and molecules of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. The BBT treatment significantly reversed the course of hypertension-derived heart damage. Meanwhile, the herb formula markedly reduced levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF- α , and iNOS. In addition, the traditional compound suppressed the activity of the NF-κB pathway. The present study provides evidence of heart protection by BBT in SHRs. The action mechanisms may be partially attributable to the anti-inflammatory characteristic of the formula. Understanding the pharmacological action of BBT will benefit its impending use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-427X , 1741-4288
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2019/5612929
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2148302-4
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