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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    COVID-19 Booster Vaccines Administration in Different Countries
    HH Publisher ; 2021
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2021-12-31)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2021-12-31)
    Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that resulted in the COVID-19 global pandemic had consequently led to the development of different types of COVID-19 vaccines, including the messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, a protein subunit vaccine, and viral vector recombinant vaccines. Countries worldwide started their national vaccination program as soon as the COVID-19 vaccines got approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) under the emergency use listing. This includes COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, Sinovac, and Sinopharm. Findings suggested that protection against COVID-19 provided by these vaccines may be waning or that the protection reduces against variants of concern (VOC) or even inadequate protection of the primary vaccination for some risk groups. This led to the development of the COVID-19 booster vaccine that aims to improve and prolong the protection against COVID-19. This review aims to discuss the various COVID-19 booster vaccines that are being authorized and administered, the eligibility criteria for the different booster vaccines, and the extent of protection these booster vaccines provide in the United States (US), Israel, United Kingdom (UK), Singapore and Chile.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000256
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    PMMB COVID-19 Bulletin: United Kingdom (22nd April 2020)
    HH Publisher ; 2020
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-04-26)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-04-26)
    Abstract: COVID-19 has greatly impacted the world and posed an enormous public health threat. The United Kingdom is hit harder by the COVID-19 crisis than any other European countries, besides Italy, Spain and France. The UK government has come under heavy criticism for its response to COVID-19, with lack of preparedness, shortages of personal protective equipment and COVID-19 testing. Despite the lockdown is in place to slow the spread of COVID-19, UK death toll continues to surge. As of 21st April 2020, more than 120,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 16,000 deaths had been recorded in UK.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000078
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Updated COVID-19 Condition in Australia
    HH Publisher ; 2021
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2021-12-16)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2021-12-16)
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on the lives of citizens worldwide in the past two years. The highly infectious respiratory disease discovered in late 2019 was a public health emergency that prompted the rapid development of vaccines to prevent the further spread of the virus. In late 2020, vaccines were finally ready to be distributed globally to reduce the severity of the disease and fatalities. The early stages of the pandemic were crucial as detecting the virus earlier on was a critical step in protecting the community from the coronavirus. In Australia, the local government quickly closed national borders, implemented lockdowns and restrictions, increased testing within the community, established mask mandates and developed vaccination programs. The strategies used by the Australian government have proven to be effective and efficient in managing outbreaks amidst the pandemic. The authorities were able to control the virus spread and maintained a low fatality rate within the country.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000250
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Role of Garlic in Chronic Diseases: Focusing on Gut Microbiota Modulation
    HH Publisher ; 2022
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-01)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-01)
    Abstract: Garlic is a herb and has been used as a spice with a long history in different types of cuisine. Garlic and its components are believed to be able to bring benefits to the health of an individual. The gut microbiota is closely related to an individual's health, and garlic is shown to have an effect on the gut microbiota as well. Hence, this literature review aims to portray the uses of garlic and its bioactive constituents on human health, particularly looking at how it modulates the gut microbiota and subsequently affects an individual's health directly or indirectly. These studies have shown the ameliorative effects of garlic and its bioactive constituents on various chronic diseases, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia and liver diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000271
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Burden of Vibrio sp. Infections – A Scoping Review
    HH Publisher ; 2023
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-07-28)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-07-28)
    Abstract: Vibrios are a group of Gram-negative bacteria ubiquitous in our surrounding environments and responsible for various clinically significant human infections. The three species responsible for human illness are Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus. V. cholerae causes cholera which may result in severe dehydration and death without timely treatment, V. parahaemolyticus infection causes gastroenteritis while V. vulnificus infections typically manifest as wound or soft tissue infections with poor prognosis, including amputation or death. Available data on the epidemiology and clinical burden of Vibrio infections were compiled systematically following a literature review, and 149 relevant studies published between 2010 to 2022 were identified. Cholera represents the majority of Vibrio infections, affecting individuals of all ages and gender, while V. parahaemolyticus infections were found to affect mostly adult males. V. vulnificus infections were mostly reported in males over 50 years old with pre-existing co-morbidities. This review's findings may guide planning and implementing preventative measures in affected regions to prevent future Vibrio infections, disease transmission, and major outbreaks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000340
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Streptomyces sp. strain MUSC 5 from mangrove forest in Malaysia: Identification, antioxidant potential and chemical profiling of its methanolic extract
    HH Publisher ; 2020
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-05-28)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-05-28)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000087
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long COVID-19: Psychological symptoms in COVID-19 and probiotics as an adjunct therapy
    HH Publisher ; 2022
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-04-22)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-04-22)
    Abstract: There is an increase in mental health sequelae following COVID-19 infection, with some studies showing a higher prevalence rate of psychiatric sequelae in post-COVID-19 survivors than in the general population. This review discusses the possible causes, prevalence, and risk factors of COVID-19 associated psychological manifestations, namely anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although the exact cause is yet to be determined, it is likely multifactorial involving environmental, biological, and psychological factors due to the pandemic. Variation exists for risk factors and prevalence, but the female gender and psychiatric disorder history seem to be consistent risk factors across several studies. While conventional psychotropic medications are the common therapeutic intervention, probiotics could be a potential adjunct treatment to prevent and treat COVID-19 and its associated psychological manifestations. Their anti-inflammatory effects have been seen directly via reducing plasma concentration of proinflammatory cytokines or indirectly via the suppression within the kynurenine pathway and restoration of gut permeability. Additionally, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are crucial gut microbial metabolites with essential roles, including signaling along the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, maintaining blood-brain barrier’s (BBB) integrity, neuronal functions, neurotransmitters, and neurotrophic factors modulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000267
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gut Microbiome in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Potential of Probiotics as an Adjuvant Therapy
    HH Publisher ; 2022
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-30)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-30)
    Abstract: The gut-brain axis concept has become an exciting area of research in psychiatry. Gastrointestinal inflammation and gut microbiome dysbiosis have been associated with mental health disorders. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating and complex mental illness that cannot be completely curable, stemming from many causes and risk factors. Generally, there is limited research on OCD and its association with the gut microbiome compared to other psychiatric conditions such as depression and anxiety. This review aims to provide insights into the association of gut microbiome and gastrointestinal inflammation with OCD. Besides, the role of probiotics as a potential therapy will be discussed in this review. The studies compiled in this review demonstrated variations in the gut microbial composition, often with lower microbial diversity in OCD patients compared to the controls. The gut microbiome is also involved in regulating the immune system. Alteration in certain groups of gut bacteria could give rise to inflammation and manifestations of gastrointestinal symptoms in OCD patients. As an approach to restoring the balance of the gut microbiome, probiotics serve as an effective solution. In vivo animal studies showed that probiotics can potentially improve OCD symptoms. Nevertheless, clinical trials are required to determine the efficacy of probiotics as an adjuvant therapy to alleviate OCD symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000272
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Whole-Genome Sequence of Streptomyces pluripotens strain MUM 16J, a Potential Resource of Glycopeptide Antibiotic and Biocontrol Agent against Biofilm-forming Bacteria
    HH Publisher ; 2023
    In:  Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-05-02)
    Details
    In: Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, HH Publisher, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-05-02)
    Abstract: Streptomyces pluripotens strain MUM 16J is a Gram-positive filamentous bacteria isolated from mangrove soil in Kampung Trombol area of Kuching, Sarawak. The draft genome of Streptomyces pluripotens strain MUM 16J consists of 7,671,699 bp assembled into 164 contigs. The GC content of the genome is 70.06 %, and the sequencing coverage of 108×. Its genome consists of 6,781 predicted genes, 6,459 protein-coding genes, and 79 RNA-coding genes (tRNA: 71, rRNA: 8). Here we report the draft genome of this strain to highlight its potential in producing glycopeptide antibiotic as well as catechol, a biocontrol agent of biofilm-producing bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-1049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pmmb.a0000330
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3137141-3
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrating the Basic and Clinical Sciences Throughout the Medical Curriculum: Contemplating the Why, When and How
    HH Publisher ; 2022
    In:  Progress in Drug Discovery & Biomedical Science Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-24)
    Details
    In: Progress in Drug Discovery & Biomedical Science, HH Publisher, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-24)
    Abstract: A safe, effective clinician should have the ability to reason through any case they encounter — some of which may be unusual presentations or complex cases which may not fully match standard clinical practice guidelines. When faced with a situation that does not match a known pattern, a solid foundation in the underlying principles of the scientific basis of medicine would be needed to correctly reach the most probable diagnosis and choose the most appropriate treatment strategy. The ability to do this requires the clinician to be able to integrate relevant pieces of related knowledge from both the basic and clinical sciences. However, these two elements are often taught in a dissociated manner in medical school. This often results in students struggling to see connections between the two, and often perceiving the basic sciences as being not relevant to the practice of clinical medicine. The need for better integration of the curriculum has been recognized and many medical schools have attempted to implement an integrated curriculum to varying degrees. This article attempts to summarize the theoretical basis and available evidence supporting a fully integrated spiral curriculum as an effective model for medical curriculum development in order to train safe, effective clinicians. We also briefly discuss some challenges to this and some possible strategies to overcome them.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2710-6039
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.36877/pddbs.a0000308
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: HH Publisher
    Publication Date: 2022
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