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  • Gujarat University  (4)
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  • Gujarat University  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gujarat University ; 2022
    In:  International Association of Biologicals and Computational Digest Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2022-05-02), p. 92-104
    In: International Association of Biologicals and Computational Digest, Gujarat University, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2022-05-02), p. 92-104
    Abstract: Lead is one of the most dangerous compounds present on earth. The presence of this particular compound in waste water causes toxicity to environment and also to human beings. Various methods has been analysis on different ways to carry out the lead content from water like the use of activated charcoal, some natural and synthetic adsorbents, extraction from waste water ,ion exchange, various precipitation techniques has been analysed for removal of lead. There are few models like Langmuir and frend lich isotherm are used in these methods for removal of lead. The removal of lead is found to be a sum of adsorption induced by ion exchange and precipitation of lead hydroxide. The main sources of the lead are these heavy industries, smoke from transportation both by natural and manmade activities are responsible. The various parameters that affect these methods are the pH concentration, time contact and metal ion concentration, and also its adsorption capacity. This review article presents the information about the removal of lead (Pb) and (Pb+2) ions from various techniques and models from waste water.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2583-3995
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Gujarat University
    Publication Date: 2022
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gujarat University ; 2022
    In:  International Association of Biologicals and Computational Digest Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2022-05-02), p. 83-87
    In: International Association of Biologicals and Computational Digest, Gujarat University, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2022-05-02), p. 83-87
    Abstract: Industrial wastewater often contains chromium which has raised concerns towards hexavalent chromium as it is carcinogenic to animals as well as it can also cause genetic material alterations, kidney and liver damage, etc. Hence, there are many remedial methods which have been researched for removal of Cr(VI). Out of all the methods, this article talks more about activated carbon and nano material adsorbents used for the removal of hexavalent chromium. The capacity of various adsorbents are investigated for the removal of Cr(VI). The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, which are in common use for describing sorption equilibrium for wastewater- treatment applications, are discussed. Apart from this, the adsorption dosage and capacity of disparate adsorbents are discussed with their kinetic and thermodynamic study. This review also includes the equilibrium time at which the maximum adsorption is achieved and optimum pH values for the maximum adsorption.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2583-3995
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Gujarat University
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
    In: Towards Excellence, Gujarat University
    Abstract: A simple, rapid, precise and accurate reversed phase HPLC stability indicating method was developed for simultaneous determination of emtricitabine (ECT), dolutegravir (DOL) and tenofovir alafenamide (TEN) in their combined dosage marketed formulation. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Hypersil BDS C18 (250  4.6 mm, 5.0 µ) column using 0.5 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer: acetonitrile (80: 20, v/v), pH 3.5 ± 0.1 maintained by 0.1 % o-phosphoric acid as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and monitored at 260 nm. All three analytes were resolved at retention times of 5.777, 6.783, 8.393 min for ECT, DOL, and TEN respectively. The assay performance of the present developed method was validated for various parameters like system suitability, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, limit of detection and quantification. The calibration curves were linear over concentration ranges of 12.5-75.0, 50.0-300, and 6.25-37.5 μg/ml for DOL, ECT, and TEN, respectively with correlation coefficients  0.9995. All three analytes were subjected to various stress conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal degradation. Considerable degradation was found in alkaline condition. The present method demonstrated to be effective stability-indicating by resolution of the analytes from their forced-degradation products. The validated method was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation three drugs in their combined pharmaceutical dosage form Spegra.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0974-035X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Gujarat University
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    In: Towards Excellence, Gujarat University
    Abstract: A novel, rapid and an accurate reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of emtricitabine and tenofovir related impurities namely emtricitabine s-oxide (emtricitabine impurity-A) and tenofovir (S)-propanol (tenofovir impurity-A), respectively in the combined pharmaceutical dosage form of emtricitabine, dolutegravir and tenofovir alafenamide. The separation was accomplished on Inertsil ODS C18 (250  4.6 mm, 5μ) column using 0.5 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer: acetonitrile (80: 20, v/v), pH 4.5 ± 0.1 maintained by 0.1 % o-phosphoric acid as mobile phase delivered at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection was carried out at 260 nm. Emtricitabine impurity-A and tenofovir impurity-A analytes were eluted at retention times of 10.5 and 16.6 min, respectively. The developed method was successfully validated for various parameters like system suitability, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, limit of detection and quantification in accordance with ICH guidelines. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 0.125-7.500 μg/ml for emtricitabine impurity-A and tenofovir impurity-A with correlation coefficients  0.998. The validated method was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of emtricitabine s-oxide (emtricitabine impurity-A) and tenofovir (S)-propanol (tenofovir impurity-A) in fixed-dose combination comprising of emtricitabine, dolutegravir and tenofovir alafenamide.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0974-035X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Gujarat University
    Publication Date: 2021
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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