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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-3)
    Abstract: Mukawa virus (MKWV), a novel tick-borne virus (TBV) of the genus Phlebovirus of family Phenuiviridae , has been firstly reported in Ixodes persulcatus in Japan. In this study, we made an epidemiological investigation in China to obtain the geographic distribution and genetic features of this virus outside Japan. We screened 1,815 adult ticks (665 I. persulcatus , 336 Dermacentor silvarum , 599 Haemaphysalis longicornis , 170 Rhipicephalus microplus , 45 Haemaphysalis concinna ) and 805 wild small mammals collected from eight provinces. The positive rate of 6.77% (45/665, including 18 female and 27 male I. persulcatus ) and 2.22% (1/45, 1 male H. concinna ) were obtained from I. persulcatus and H. concinna in Heilongjiang province, respectively. No evidence of MKWV infection was found in other three tick species or any of the mammalian species. The virus can infect the Vero cells successfully, indicating the ability of MKWV to replicate in mammalian cells. A phylogenetic tree based on the nucleotide sequences of L, M, and S segments demonstrated that the Japanese MKWV variant, our two MKWV variants, and KURV were clustered with the members of the mosquito/sandfly-borne phleboviruses and distant from other tick-borne phenuiviruses. A phylogenetic analysis based on 895 bp partial L gene sequences ( n = 46) showed that all MKWV sequences were separated into three lineages. Our results showed the presence of MKWV in I. persulcatus and H. concinna in northeast of China, highlighting the necessity of epidemiological study in wider regions. Due to the ability of MKWV to replicate in mammalian cells, the potential for zoonosis, and wide distribution of I. persulcatus and H. concinna in China, the important vectors of MKWV, further screening to more tick species, wild animals, domestic animals, and humans raises up practical significance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.791563
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.791563.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
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    Image_5.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-14)
    Abstract: Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) are important causes of infection in children. However, without a comprehensive and persistent surveillance, the epidemiology and clinical features of HPeV infection remain ambiguous. We performed a hospital-based surveillance study among three groups of pediatric patients with acute respiratory infection (Group 1), acute diarrhea (Group 2), and hand, foot and mouth disease (Group 3) in Chongqing, China, from 2009 to 2015. Among 10,212 tested patients, 707 (6.92%) were positive for HPeV, with the positive rates differing significantly among three groups (Group 1, 3.43%; Group 2, 14.94%; Group 3, 3.55%; P & lt; 0.001). The co-infection with other pathogens was detected in 75.2% (531/707) of HPeV-positive patients. Significant negative interaction between HPeV and Parainfluenza virus (PIV) ( P = 0.046, OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.34–0.98) and positive interactions between HPeV and Enterovirus (EV) ( P = 0.015, OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.23–4.73) were identified. Among 707 HPeV-positive patients, 592 (83.73%) were successfully sequenced, and 10 genotypes were identified, with HPeV1 ( n = 396), HPeV4 ( n = 86), and HPeV3 ( n = 46) as the most frequently seen. The proportion of genotypes differed among three groups ( P & lt; 0.001), with HPeV1 and HPeV4 overrepresented in Group 2 and HPeV6 overrepresented in Group 3. The spatial patterns of HPeV genotypes disclosed more close clustering of the currently sequenced strains than those from other countries/regions, although they were indeed mixed. Three main genotypes (HPeV1, HPeV3, and HPeV4) had shown distinct seasonal peaks, highlighting a bi-annual cycle of all HpeV and two genotypes (HPeV 1 and HPeV 4) with peaks in odd-numbered years and with peaks in even-numbered years HPeV3. Significantly higher HPeV1 viral loads were associated with severe diarrhea in Group 2 ( P = 0.044), while associated with HPeV single infection than HPeV-EV coinfection among HFMD patients ( P = 0.001). It’s concluded that HPeV infection was correlated with wide clinical spectrum in pediatric patients with a high variety of genotypes determined. Still no clinical significance can be confirmed, which warranted more molecular surveillance in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
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    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709849
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709849.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709849.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709849.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709849.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709849.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709849.s006
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
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    Data_Sheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 9 ( 2022-4-27)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-4-27)
    Abstract: Emergency endoscopy is recommended for patients with acute esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) and their prognosis has improved markedly over past decades due to the increased specialization of endoscopic practice. The study aimed to compare outcomes following emergency endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) and endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) in cirrhotic patients with acute EVB. Methods Cirrhotic patients with acute EVB who underwent emergency endoscopy were retrospectively enrolled from 2013 to 2020 across 34 university hospitals from 30 cities. The primary outcome was the incidence of 5-day rebleeding after emergency endoscopy. Subgroup analysis was stratified by Child-Pugh class and bleeding history. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed. Results A total of 1,017 and 382 patients were included in EIS group and EVL group, respectively. The 5-day rebleeding incidence was similar between EIS group and EVL group (4% vs. 5%, P = 0.45). The result remained the same after PSM ( P = 1.00). Among Child-Pugh class A, B and C patients, there were no differences in the 5-day rebleeding incidence between the two groups after PSM ( P = 0.25, 0.82, and 0.21, respectively). As for the patients with or without bleeding history, the differences between EIS group and EVL group were not significant after PSM ( P = 1.00 and 0.26, respectively). Conclusion The nationwide cohort study indicates that EIS and EVL are both efficient emergency endoscopic treatment strategies for acute EVB. EIS should not be dismissed as an economical and effective emergency endoscopic treatment strategy of acute EVB. ClincialTrials.gov number NCT04307264.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.872881
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.872881.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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  • 4
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    Table_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10 ( 2022-7-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-7-28)
    Abstract: Data on updated hyperuricemia prevalence in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region in China, which is one of the world-class urban agglomerations, is sparse. Overweight/obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking and sedentary behavior are modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for elevated serum uric acid (SUA), but their population attributable fractions (PAFs) for hyperuricemia is still unclear. Using baseline data from the BTH Physical Examination General Population Cohort, we calculated the crude- and adjusted-prevalence of hyperuricemia based on the 30,158 participants aged 18–80 years. Hyperuricemia was defined as SUA & gt;420 μmol/L in men and & gt;360 μmol/L in women, or currently use of uric acid lowering drugs. Overweight/obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking and sedentary behavior were considered as MRFs and their adjusted PAFs were estimated. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 19.37%, 27.72% in men and 10.69% in women. The PAFs and 95% confidence intervals for overweight, obesity were 16.25% (14.26–18.25%) and 12.08% (11.40–12.77%) in men, 13.95% (12.31–15.59%) and 6.35% (5.97–6.74%) in women, respectively. Alcohol consumption can explain 4.64% (2.72–6.56%) hyperuricemia cases in men, but with no statistical significance in women. Cigarette smoking contributed to 3.15% (1.09–5.21%) cases in men, but a much lower fraction in women (0.85%, 0.49–1.22%). Compared with sedentary time & lt;2 h per day, the PAFs of 2–4 h, 4–6 h, and more than 6 h per day were 3.14% (1.34–4.93%), 6.72% (4.44–8.99%) and 8.04% (4.95–11.13%) in men, respectively. Sedentary time was not found to be associated with hyperuricemia in women. These findings concluded that hyperuricemia is prevalent in this representative Chinese adult general population with substantial sex difference. Four MRFs (overweight/obesity, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and sedentary behavior) accounted for a notable proportion of hyperuricemia cases. The PAF estimations enable the exploration of the expected proportion of hyperuricemia cases that could be prevented if the MRFs were removed, which warrants the public health significance of life-style intervention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.936717
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.936717.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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  • 5
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    DataSheet1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology Vol. 10 ( 2022-9-23)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-9-23)
    Abstract: Currently, clinically available drug-loaded embolic microspheres have some shortcomings, such as being invisible with standard medical imaging modalities and only being able to carry positively charged drugs. The visualization of drug-loaded microspheres is very important for real-time monitoring of embolic position to improve the therapeutic effect. Meanwhile, the visualization of microspheres can enable postoperative reexamination, which is helpful for evaluating the embolization area and guiding the subsequent treatment. In addition, microspheres capable of loading different charged drugs can increase the choice of chemotherapeutic drugs and provide more possibilities for treatment. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore drug-loaded microspheres capable of multimodal imaging and loading drugs with different charges for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment of liver tumors. In our study, we designed a kind of nano-assembled microspheres (NAMs) that can realize computer X-ray tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/Raman multimodal imaging, be loaded with positively and negatively charged drugs and test their imaging ability, drug loading and biological safety. The microspheres have strong attenuation performance for CT, high T 2 relaxation for MRI and good sensitivity for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). At the same time, our microspheres can also load the positively charged drug, doxorubicin (DOX), and negatively charged drug Cisplatin. One gram of NAMs can hold 168 mg DOX or 126 mg Cisplatin, which has good drug loading and sustained-release capacity. Cell experiments also showed that the nano-assembled microspheres had good biocompatibility. Therefore, as multimodal developed drug loaded microspheres, nano assembled microspheres have great potential in TACE treatment of liver cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-4185
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1024174
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1024174.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2719493-0
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  • 6
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10 ( 2022-12-1)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-12-1)
    Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) have an increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) due to impaired immunity. The performance of currently available immune response-based assays for identification of TB infection had been rarely evaluated in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) in China. Methods A prospective study was conducted to investigate the status of LTBI in patients with confirmed T2DM. At the baseline survey, the prevalence of LTBI was tested using interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), tuberculin skin test (TST) and creation tuberculin skin test (C-TST) in parallel. After a 3-month interval, the participants were retested by the three assays to estimate their performance in the serial testing. Results A total of 404 participants with T2DM were included in the study. At baseline, after excluding active TB, the prevalence of LTBI identified by TST (≥ 10 mm), C-TST (≥ 5 mm) and IGRA (≥ 0.35 IU/ml) were 9.65% (39/404), 10.40% (42/404) and 14.85% (60/404), respectively. The concordance of TST and C-TST results with IGRA results was 86.39% (349/404) and 92.08% (372/404) with a Kappa coefficient of 0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24– 0.50] and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.53– 0.76), respectively. After a 3-month interval, the continuous results of TST, C-TST and IGRA were observed to be increased with testing conversion for 50, 26 and 27 patients, respectively. For TST and C-TST conversions, the distribution of their quantitative results in serial tests varied significantly when further classified by baseline IGRA dichotomous results. Conclusion In studied patients with T2DM, C-TST showed higher consistency with IGRA as compared to TST. The present of conversion observed in serial testing suggested that boosting effect of skin testing should be considered for identify of LTBI in patients with T2DM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1025550
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1025550.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
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    Data_Sheet_2.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-22)
    Abstract: Identifying host plasma exosome proteins associated with host response to latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment might promote our understanding of tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis and provide useful tools for implementing the precise intervention. Methods Based on an open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) aiming to evaluate the short-course regimens for LTBI treatment, plasma exosomes from pre- and post-LTBI treatment were retrospectively detected by label-free quantitative protein mass spectrometry and validated by a parallel reaction monitoring method for participants with changed or not changed infection testing results after LTBI treatment. Eligible participants for both screening and verification sets were randomly selected from the based-RCT in a 1:1 ratio by age and gender. Reversion was defined as a decrease in IFN-γ levels from & gt;0.70 IU/ml prior to treatment to 0.20 IU/ml within 1 week of treatment. The predictive ability of the candidate proteins was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results Totally, two sample sets for screening ( n = 40) and validation ( n = 60) were included. Each of them included an equal number of subjects with persistent positive or reversed QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) results after LTBI. A total of 2,321 exosome proteins were detected and 102 differentially expressed proteins were identified to be associated with QFT reversion. Proteins with high confidence and original values intact were selected to be further verified. Totally, 9 downregulated proteins met the criteria and were validated. After verification, C4BPA and S100A9 were confirmed to be still significantly downregulated (fold change & lt;0.67, p & lt; 0.05). The respective areas under the ROC curve were 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57–0.89) and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.52–0.86) for C4BPA and S100A9, with a combined value of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63–0.93). The positive and negative predictive values for combined markers were 70.10% (95% CI: 50.22–86.30%) and 55.63% (95% CI: 29.17–61.00%). Conclusion Our findings suggest that downregulated C4BPA and S100A9 in plasma exosomes might be associated with a host positive response to LTBI treatment. Further studies are warranted to verify the findings and potential underlying mechanisms in varied populations with a larger sample size.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.934716
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.934716.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.934716.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
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    Table_5.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Nutrition Vol. 9 ( 2022-7-5)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Nutrition, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-7-5)
    Abstract: Elderly patients with cancer face the challenge of systemic inflammation, which can lead to a poor prognosis. Existing inflammatory indices cannot fully reflect the immune-inflammatory status of patients. This study aimed to develop a new scoring system to predict the survival of elderly patients with cancer using inflammatory indices, namely, the systemic inflammation prognostic score (SIPS). Materials and Methods This prospective multicenter study included a total of 1,767 patients with cancer, with a mean age of 70.97 ± 5.49 years, of whom 1,170 (66.2%) were men. We performed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to screen inflammatory indicators to include in constructing SIPS. Prognostic analysis of SIPS was performed using univariate and multivariate survival analyzes. The prognostic value of SIPS and its components were compared using the prognostic receiver operating characteristic curve and concordance index. The population was divided into the training cohort and the validation cohort in a 7:3 ratio and a SIPS prognostic analysis was performed. Results The LASSO regression selected C-reactive protein (CRP) (≤ 9.81, “0”; & gt; 9.81, “1”), geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) (≤ 93.85, “1”; 93.85, “0”), advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) (≤ 23.49, “1”; & gt; 23.49, “0”), and lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) (≤ 2523.81, “1”; & gt; 2523.81, “0”) to develop SIPS. Patients were divided into the three groups based on the total SIPS: low-risk (0), moderate-risk (1–2), and high-risk (3–4). On the multivariate survival analysis, patients in the moderate-risk [ P & lt; 0.001, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.47–2.17] and high-risk groups ( P & lt; 0.001, HR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.98–2.92) showed a worse prognosis than those in the low-risk group. The total cohort, training cohort, and validation cohort all showed that SIPS had better survival prediction than CRP, GNRI, ALI, and LCR. The HRs were 2.81 times higher in patients in the high-risk group with malnutrition than in patients in the low-risk group without malnutrition. Conclusion SIPS was an independent prognostic indicator in elderly patients with cancer. Malnutrition in the high-risk group increased the mortality risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-861X
    URL: Article
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    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s008
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s009
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893753.s010
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2776676-7
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  • 9
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-28)
    Abstract: Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), public health worldwide has been greatly threatened. The development of an effective treatment for this infection is crucial and urgent but is hampered by the incomplete understanding of the viral infection mechanisms and the lack of specific antiviral agents. We previously reported that teicoplanin, a glycopeptide antibiotic that has been commonly used in the clinic to treat bacterial infection, significantly restrained the cell entry of Ebola virus, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV by specifically inhibiting the activity of cathepsin L (CTSL). Here, we found that the cleavage sites of CTSL on the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 were highly conserved among all the variants. The treatment with teicoplanin suppressed the proteolytic activity of CTSL on spike and prevented the cellular infection of different pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Teicoplanin potently prevented the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the cellular cytoplasm with an IC 50 of 2.038 μM for the Wuhan-Hu-1 reference strain and an IC 50 of 2.116 μM for the SARS-CoV-2 (D614G) variant. The pre-treatment of teicoplanin also prevented SARS-CoV-2 infection in hACE2 mice. In summary, our data reveal that CTSL is required for both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of teicoplanin for universal anti-CoVs intervention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.884034
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.884034.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
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    DataSheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 13 ( 2022-12-9)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-12-9)
    Abstract: As the global COVID-19 pandemic continues and new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern emerge, vaccines remain an important tool for preventing the pandemic. The inactivated or subunit vaccines themselves generally exhibit low immunogenicity, which needs adjuvants to improve the immune response. We previously developed a receptor binding domain (RBD)-targeted and self-assembled nanoparticle to elicit a potent immune response in both mice and rhesus macaques. Herein, we further improved the RBD production in the eukaryote system by in situ Crispr/Cas9-engineered CHO cells. By comparing the immune effects of various Toll-like receptor-targeted adjuvants to enhance nanoparticle vaccine immunization, we found that Pam2CSK4, a TLR2/6 agonist, could mostly increase the titers of antigen-specific neutralizing antibodies and durability in humoral immunity. Remarkably, together with Pam2CSK4, the RBD-based nanoparticle vaccine induced a significant Th1-biased immune response and enhanced the differentiation of both memory T cells and follicular helper T cells. We further found that Pam2CSK4 upregulated migration genes and many genes involved in the activation and proliferation of leukocytes. Our data indicate that Pam2CSK4 targeting TLR2, which has been shown to be effective in tuberculosis vaccines, is the optimal adjuvant for the SARS-CoV-2 nanoparticle vaccine, paving the way for an immediate clinical trial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.992062
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.992062.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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