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  • 1
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    Chemoradiotherapy with 3-weekly CDDP 80 mg/m2 for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: 5-year survival data from a phase 2 study
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Surgery Vol. 9 ( 2022-12-16)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Surgery, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-12-16)
    Abstract: The global standard for chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 administered once every three weeks, although cisplatin 80 mg/m 2 is also widely used as an alternative treatment to reduce adverse events in Japan. We aimed to assess the long-term survival outcomes and late adverse events associated with CCRT with a 3-weekly cisplatin dose of 80 mg/m 2 . Methods A phase 2 study on CCRT with a 3-weekly cisplatin dose of 80 mg/m 2 was performed in 47 patients between April 2015 and December 2016 at four centers in Japan. Survival outcomes and late adverse events at 5 years after this phase 2 trial were investigated. Results The median follow-up period was 61 months. The 5-year progression-free survival/overall survival of all 47 patients was 66.0%/76.6%, while that of patients with stage III, IV disease (UICC) was 65.6%/71.9%. Seventeen patients (36%) experienced dysphagia as a late adverse event. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a significant association between acute mucositis/low body mass index (BMI) during CCRT and late dysphagia. Conclusion The survival outcomes of CCRT with a 3-weekly cisplatin dose of 80 mg/m 2 may be comparable to the previously reported dose of 100 mg/m 2 . Acute mucositis and low BMI at CCRT were risk factors for late dysphagia, indicating the importance of managing these conditions during CCRT to prevent late adverse events. Caution and care for acute mucositis and swallowing training in patients with low BMI may be important for preventing late-stage dysphagia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-875X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1035349
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
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    Treatment Outcome of External Auditory Canal Carcinoma: The Utility of Lateral Temporal Bone Resection
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Surgery Vol. 8 ( 2021-8-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Surgery, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-8-30)
    Abstract: We examined the role of lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) in the treatment of external ear canal (EAC) carcinoma between 2007 and 2018. The estimated 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) according to the tumor stage and treatments were investigated in 36 patients with EAC squamous cell carcinoma. T stage classification according to the University of Pittsburgh staging system was as follows: 14 patients in T1, four patients in T2, nine patients in T3, and nine patients in T4. The 3-year DFS rate was 77.4% for T1 tumors, 100% for T2, 44.4% for T3 tumors, and 11.1% for T4 tumors ( p & lt; 001). The 3-year DSS rate was 100% for T1/T2 tumors, 87.5% for T3 tumors, and 11.1% for T4 tumors ( p & lt; 0.01). T1/T2 patients received mostly LTBR. Among nine T3 tumors, five patients (56%) received LTBR combined with preoperative chemotherapy and/or postoperative radiation (RT). Four of them had negative surgical margin and survived with no evidence of disease. The DFS of T3 patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy and LTBR was 0 and 80%, respectively ( p = 0.048). For T1/T2 tumors, surgery achieved an excellent outcome. For T3 tumors, LTBR achieved negative surgical margin and showed good survival when combined with preoperative chemotherapy and/or postoperative RT. In contrast, the prognosis of T3 patients who could not undergo surgery was as poor as that of T4 patients. Therefore, in addition to subtotal temporal bone resection, LTBR-based treatment strategy may be a treatment option for limited cases of T3 patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-875X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.708245
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
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    Case Report: Anti-MOG Antibody Seroconversion Accompanied by Dimethyl Fumarate Treatment
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 12 ( 2021-2-15)
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    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-2-15)
    Abstract: Here we report three cases of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody–associated disease (MOGAD) mimicking multiple sclerosis in which seropositivity for anti-MOG antibodies occurred during disease-modifying drug dimethyl fumarate (DMF) treatment. These patients developed relapses with anti-MOG antibody seroconversion after switching from fingolimod or steroid pulse therapy to DMF, which was associated with peripheral lymphocyte recovery. MOGAD is considered a humoral immune disease, and DMF reportedly enhances Th2-skewed humoral immune activity. Therefore, we suggest that DMF, but not fingolimod, may exacerbate humoral immune imbalance and enhance autoantibody production, leading to aggravation of MOGAD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625465
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 4
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    Predicting Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis Following Endoscopic Surgery in Superficial Head and Neck Carcinoma
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Surgery Vol. 8 ( 2022-2-11)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Surgery, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2022-2-11)
    Abstract: Early detection of head and neck carcinoma (HNC) as superficial HNC (SHNC) identified using recently developed optical techniques, such as magnifying endoscopy and narrow-band imaging (NBI), in combination with endoscopic surgeries enables minimally invasive treatment with favorable outcomes for HNC. This study aimed to identify the predictive factors for the rare but important clinical issue of SHNC, namely cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM), following endoscopic resection. Methods Sixty-nine patients with SHNC who underwent endoscopic resection were enrolled in the study. Clinical data, preoperative endoscopic findings, pathological findings, and treatment outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Because the pharyngeal mucosa lacks the muscularis mucosa, we measured tumor thickness in permanent pathology as an alternative to the depth of invasion. Correlations with the occurrence of CLNM were statistically examined. Results The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 100%. Of 69 patients, 3 (4.3%) developed CLNM. All had subepithelial but not epithelial tumors. The 0-IIa type in the macroscopic findings, type B2/B3 vessels in narrow-band imaging, tumors ≥ pathological stage T2, lymphatic invasion, positive surgical margins, and tumor thickness & gt;1,000 μm showed significant correlations with CLNM following endoscopic resection. Furthermore, the classification of type B vessels was significantly associated with tumor thickness. Conclusion The treatment outcomes following endoscopic resection for SHNC were favorable. The risk of CLNM following endoscopic resection in SHNC can be predicted by several preoperative endoscopic and postoperative pathological findings. Among them, the classification of type B vessels, which correlated with both tumor thickness and CLNM, might be a useful predictive factor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-875X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.813260
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
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    Head and neck small-cell carcinoma: A multicenter study of 39 cases from 10 institutions
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Surgery Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Surgery, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-14)
    Abstract: Basal information of head and neck small-cell carcinoma (HNSmCC) including epidemiology, primary site, treatment, and prognosis remains sparse due to its rarity. We report here a multicenter retrospective study on the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of patients with HNSmCC. Materials and methods This study involved 47 patients with HNSmCC from 10 participating institutions. Eight patients were excluded for whom no pathological specimens were available ( n  = 2) and for discrepant central pathological judgements ( n  = 6). The remaining 39 patients were processed for data analysis. Results As pretreatment examinations, computed tomography (CT) was performed for the brain ( n  = 8), neck ( n  = 39), and chest ( n  = 32), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the brain ( n  = 4) and neck ( n  = 23), positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) in 23 patients, bone scintigraphy in 4, neck ultrasonography in 9, and tumor markers in 25. Primary sites were oral cavity ( n  = 1), nasal cavity/paranasal sinuses ( n  = 16), nasopharynx ( n  = 2), oropharynx ( n  = 4), hypopharynx ( n  = 2), larynx ( n  = 6), salivary gland ( n  = 3), thyroid ( n  = 2), and others ( n  = 3). Stages were II/III/IV-A/IV-B/IV-C/Not determined = 3/5/16/6/5/4; stage IV comprised 69%. No patient had brain metastases. First-line treatments were divided into 3 groups: the chemoradiotherapy (CRT) group ( n  = 27), non-CRT group ( n  = 8), and best supportive care group ( n  = 4). The CRT group included concurrent CRT (CCRT) ( n  = 17), chemotherapy (Chemo) followed by radiotherapy (RT) ( n  = 5), and surgery (Surg) followed by CCRT ( n  = 5). The non-CRT group included Surg followed by RT ( n  = 2), Surg followed by Chemo ( n  = 1), RT alone ( n  = 2), and Chemo alone ( n  = 3). The 1-year/2-year overall survival (OS) of all 39 patients was 65.3/53.3%. The 1-year OS of the CRT group (77.6%) was significantly better compared with the non-CRT group (31.3%). There were no significant differences in adverse events between the CCRT group ( n  = 22) and the Chemo without concurrent RT group ( n  = 9). Conclusion Neck and chest CT, neck MRI, and PET-CT would be necessary and sufficient examinations in the diagnostic set up for HNSmCC. CCRT may be recommended as the first-line treatment. The 1-year/2-year OS was 65.3%/53.3%. This study would provide basal data for a proposing the diagnostic and treatment algorithms for HNSmCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-875X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1049116
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
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    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Earth Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-1-22)
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    In: Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-1-22)
    Abstract: We have detected an event of pore pressure change (hereafter, we refer it to “pore pressure event”) from borehole stations in real time in March 2020, owing to the network developed by connecting three borehole stations to the Dense Oceanfloor Network System for Earthquakes and Tsunamis (DONET) observatories near the Nankai Trough. During the pore pressure event, shallow very low-frequency events (sVLFEs) were also detected from the broadband seismometers of DONET, which suggests that the sVLFE migrated toward updip region along the subduction plate boundary. Since one of the pore pressure sensors have been suffered from unrecognized noise after the replacement of sensors due to the connecting operation, we assume four cases for crustal deformation component of the pore pressure change. Comparing the four possible cases for crustal deformation component of the volumetric strain change at C0010 with the observed sVLFE migration and the characteristic of previous SSEs, we conclude that the pore pressure event can be explained from SSE migration toward the updip region which triggered sVLFE in the passage. This feature is similar to the previous SSE in 2015 and could be distinguished from the unrecognized noise on the basis of t -test. Our new finding is that the SSE in 2020 did not reach very shallow part of the plate interface because the pore pressure changes at a borehole station installed in 2018 close to the trough axis was not significant. In the present study, we estimated the amount, onset and termination time of the pore pressure change for the SSE in 2020 by fitting regression lines for the time history. Since the change amount and duration time were smaller and shorter than the SSE in 2015, respectively, we also conclude that the SSE in 2020 had smaller magnitude that the SSE in 2015. These results would give us a clue to monitor crustal deformation along the Nankai Trough directly from other seafloor observations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-6463
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.600793
    DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.600793.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741235-0
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  • 7
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    Treatment outcomes of mucosal melanoma of head and neck: Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced disease
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Surgery Vol. 9 ( 2022-12-26)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Surgery, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-12-26)
    Abstract: Head and neck mucosal melanoma (HNMM) is a rare and aggressive subtype of melanoma. HNMM often develops as a recurrent or metastatic disease, and its prognosis is worse than that of cutaneous melanoma. Recent large-scale clinical studies have reported favorable outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for melanoma. However, these clinical trials included only a small number of HNMM cases. This study aimed to estimate treatment outcomes and prognostic predictors of ICIs for advanced HNMM. Methods Cases of advanced HNMM, defined as unresectable or metastatic HNMM at the initial diagnosis (five patients) or development of recurrent/metastatic HNMM after initial treatment (27 patients), were included in this study. Survival analysis and a search for prognostic factors were performed for these 32 patients. Furthermore, the detailed clinical course of patients who received ICI treatment was investigated. Results The median overall survival (OS) of 32 patients with advanced HNMM was 25.3 months. The estimated 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 68.4%, 42.8%, and 34.3%, respectively. Fourteen patients (43.7%) received ICIs, whereas 18 (56.3%) did not. Univariate analysis showed that ICI treatment was the only factor associated with a better 1-year OS. Patients who received ICI treatment had significantly longer OS (median OS: not reached, 1-year OS: 85.7%) than those who did not (median OS: 11.3 months, 1-year OS: 54.5%). The overall response and disease control rates of patients who received ICI treatment were 50% and 64.3%, respectively. Patients who achieved complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) to ICI treatment survived significantly longer (1-year OS: 100%) than those who did not (1-year OS: 71.4%). Among the five patients who discontinued ICI treatment due to severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs), four did not receive salvage treatments but showed durable treatment effects and survived for 9.8–54.2 months at the end of the follow-up period. Conclusions ICI treatment achieved a favorable OS for advanced HNMM. CR/PR to ICI treatment and discontinuation owing to severe irAEs were favorable predictors of OS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-875X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1032626
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
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    Treatment Outcomes and the Safety of Chemoradiotherapy With High-Dose CDDP for Elderly Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Study
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Surgery Vol. 8 ( 2021-11-23)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Surgery, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-11-23)
    Abstract: Objective: We aimed to compare the outcomes and safety of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) between elderly and non-elderly patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). It is difficult to assess the causal effect of age because of possible differences in general conditions among individuals. Therefore, we adjusted the background factors of elderly and non-elderly patients using propensity score matching (PSM). Methods: A total of 146 patients with HNSCC who received CRT were divided into an elderly (≥70 years, n = 35) and non-elderly group ( & lt;70 years, n = 111). Pre-treatment characteristics, including the performance status, Charlson comorbidity index, body mass index, primary site, and TNM stage were adjusted by PSM. We compared the outcomes and safety of CRT with high-dose single-agent cisplatin (CDDP) as well as outcomes following recurrence between the groups, before and after PSM. Results: The total dose of CDDP administered during CRT was significantly lower in the elderly group before PSM. However, it became comparable to the non-elderly group and adverse events did not differ between the groups following PSM, resulting in a comparable CRT completion rate. Overall-, disease specific-, and progression-free survivals of elderly patients were comparable to those of non-elderly patients following PSM. In contrast, elderly patients with recurrence could receive fewer salvage treatments than their non-elderly counterparts, resulting in worse survival. Conclusions: CRT with high-dose CDDP is safe and effective for the treatment of elderly patients with HNSCC. However, salvage treatments can be rarely conducted for elderly patients with a recurrence, considering a deterioration of their general condition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-875X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.753049
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
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    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 13 ( 2023-6-16)
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    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2023-6-16)
    Abstract: Two mechanisms of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) have been reported: 1) direct injury of lung epithelial cells and/or endothelial cells in lung capillaries by the drug and/or its metabolites and 2) hypersensitivity reactions. In both mechanisms, immune reactions such as cytokine and T cell activation are involved in DILD. While past and present lung diseases and accumulative lung damage due to smoking and radiation are risk factors for DILD, the association between the immune status of the host and DILD is not well known. Herein, we report a case of advanced colorectal cancer with a history of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia more than 30 years prior, in which DILD occurred early after irinotecan-containing chemotherapy. Bone marrow transplantation might be a potential risk factor for DILD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1215789
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1215789.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1215789.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 10
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    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics Vol. 7 ( 2022-9-20)
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    In: Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 7 ( 2022-9-20)
    Abstract: The challenge for medical schools in Japan is to develop research activities for innovation. This study aimed at analyzing the connection between the research output of “promising researchers” (next-generation leaders in terms of research activity) and their supervisors' past research activities to identify those factors that impact researchers' performance. Activity was analyzed from the viewpoints of productivity, coauthorship networks, and research impact using a novel index called the Research Diversity Index (REDi) that quantifies crossdisciplinarity. Research funding, which has not yet been fully utilized in correlation studies of the characteristics of authors, was also considered in this study. For the promising researchers extracted using betweenness centrality scores within coauthorship networks, there were diachronic correlations between the records of the promising researchers and those of their supervisors. Supervisor leadership as measured by the number of last-authored publications and extent of networking had a positive effect on the promising researchers productivity. Supervisors' research style of integrating knowledge from multiple fields, as measured by REDi, was negatively correlated with the publication impact of promising researchers, suggesting that REDi is useful as a novel indicator of research quality not being captured by existing indices. It was also noted that establishing an academic presence through extensive collaborations could be advantageous for obtaining research funding, especially from top-down government programs. The possible implications of this study for promoting research activities are the importance of incorporating new doctorates into research groups at an early stage and that of promoting interinstitutional, crossdisciplinary collaborations. Classification code MSC: 62P10 Applications of statistics to biology and medical sciences; meta-analysis. JEL: Z1Z10 Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology- General.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2504-0537
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/frma.2022.990921
    DOI: 10.3389/frma.2022.990921.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2863455-X
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