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  • Frontiers Media SA  (11)
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  • Frontiers Media SA  (11)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety evaluation of FAD2 RNAi transgenic Brassica napus L. based on microbial diversity and metabonomic analysis
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-12-1)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-12-1)
    Abstract: Oleic acid desaturase ( FAD2 ) is the key enzyme that produces polyunsaturated fatty acids in rapeseed ( Brassica napus L), which is one of the main oil crops. RNA interference (RNAi) is an emerging technique that provides new opportunities for the generation of new traits in plants. To increase oleic acid content and reduce linoleic and linolenic acid content in rapeseed, we constructed an ihpRNA plant expression vector of the FAD2 gene and obtained transgenic plants for multiple generations by stable inheritance. In this study, third-generation transgenic plants (T3), seventh-generation transgenic plants (T7), and wild-type plants (WT) were used. The differences in microbial community diversity between transgenic plants and wild-type plants and the up- and downregulation of rhizosphere metabolite contents were investigated. In conclusion, the results showed that the soil microbial community structure was stable, the general microbial community structure was not changed by the transgenic rhizosphere exudates, and no significant harmful root exudate of transgenic rapeseed on the environment was found through the microbial community and metabolomics analysis. This work may provide an understanding of the impact of RNAi on plant metabolites and a safety evaluation method for transgenic plants and a reference for rapeseed breeding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.953476
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 12 ( 2022-3-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-3-3)
    Abstract: Tanshinones found in Salvia species are the main active compounds for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but their contents are hugely different in different species. For example, tanshinone IIA content in Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. is about 49 times higher than that in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. The molecular mechanism responsible for this phenomenon remains largely unknown. To address this, we performed comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of S. miltiorrhiza and S. castanea . A total of 296 genes in S. castanea and 125 genes in S. miltiorrhiza were highly expressed at both the transcriptional and proteome levels, including hormone signal regulation, fungus response genes, transcription factors, and CYP450. Among these differentially expressed genes, the expression of SmWRKY61 was particularly high in S. castanea . Overexpression of SmWRKY61 in S. miltiorrhiza could significantly increase the content of tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA, which were 11.09 and 33.37 times of the control, respectively. Moreover, SmWRKY61 had a strong regulatory effect, elevating the expression levels of tanshinone pathway genes such as DXS2, CMK, HMGS2, 1, KSL1, KSL2, CYP76AH1 , and CYP76AK3 . For the WRKY family, 79 SmWRKY s were originally obtained and classified into three main groups. Collinearity analysis indicated a more specific extension of WRKY gene family in Salvia genus. In 55 Salvia species, only 37 species contained the WRKY61 sequence, and high SmWRKY61 expression in some Salvia L. species was often accompanied by high tanshinone accumulation. The above results suggest that SmWRKY61 is a highly effective regulator of tanshinone accumulation and may be a key factor resulting in high tanshinone accumulation in S. castanea .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.820582
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.820582.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Table_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine Vol. 8 ( 2021-7-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-7-30)
    Abstract: Objective: Neutrophil infiltration plays an important role in the initiation and development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Recent studies suggested that neutrophils could release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), leading to tissue injury in cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of NETs in AAA is elusive. This study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of NETs in AAA development. Methods and Results: An angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion-induced AAA model was established to investigate the role of NETs during AAA development. Immunofluorescence staining showed that citrullinated histone 3 (citH3), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and neutrophil elastase (NE) (NET marker) expressions were significantly increased in Ang II-infused ApoE −/− mice. The circulating double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) level was also elevated, indicating the increased NET formation during AAA. PAD4 inhibitor YW3-56 inhibited Ang II-induced NET formation. Disruption of NET formation by YW3-56 markedly reduced Ang II-induced AAA rupture, as revealed by decreased aortic diameter, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis, and elastin degradation. Apoptosis of VSMC was evaluated by TUNEL staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining through flow cytometry. Western blot and inhibition experiments revealed that NETs induced VSMC apoptosis via p38/JNK pathway, indicating that PAD4-dependent NET formation played an important role in AAA. Conclusions: This study suggests that PAD4-dependent NET formation is critical for AAA rupture, which provides a novel potential therapeutic strategy for AAA disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-055X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.676612
    DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.676612.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2781496-8
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 16 ( 2022-10-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 16 ( 2022-10-3)
    Abstract: Cochleas are the basis for biology to process and recognize speech information, emulating which with electronic devices helps us construct high-efficient intelligent voice systems. Memristor provides novel physics for performing neuromorphic engineering beyond complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. This work presents an artificial cochlea based on the shallen-key filter model configured with memristors, in which one filter emulates one channel. We first fabricate a memristor with the TiN/HfO x /TaO x /TiN structure to implement such a cochlea and demonstrate the non-volatile multilevel states through electrical operations. Then, we build the shallen-key filter circuit and experimentally demonstrate the frequency-selection function of cochlea’s five channels, whose central frequency is determined by the memristor’s resistance. To further demonstrate the feasibility of the cochlea for system applications, we use it to extract the speech signal features and then combine it with a convolutional neural network to recognize the Free Spoken Digit Dataset . The recognition accuracy reaches 92% with 64 channels, compatible with the traditional 64 Fourier transform transformation points of mel-frequency cepstral coefficients method with 95% recognition accuracy. This work provides a novel strategy for building cochleas, which has a great potential to conduct configurable, high-parallel, and high-efficient auditory systems for neuromorphic robots.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.982850
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.982850.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Image1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-16)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-16)
    Abstract: Artemisia argyi H. Lév. and Vaniot is a traditional medical herb that has been used for a long time in China and other Asian counties. Essential oil is the main active fraction of Artemisia argyi H. Lév. and Vaniot, and its anti-inflammatory potential has been observed in vitro and in vivo . Here, we found that the essential oil of Artemisia argyi H. Lév. and Vaniot (EOAA) inhibited monosodium urate (MSU)- and nigericin-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. EOAA suppressed caspase-1 and IL-1β processing and pyroptosis. NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and translocation were also inhibited. In addition, EOAA suppressed nigericin-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation without blocking ASC oligomerization, suggesting that it may inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation by preventing caspase-1 processing. Our study thus indicates that EOAA inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and has therapeutic potential against NLRP3-driven diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.712907
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.712907.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.712907.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
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    Multimodal Monitoring in Large Hemispheric Infarction: Quantitative Electroencephalography Combined With Transcranial Doppler for Prognosis Prediction
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-8)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-8)
    Abstract: Background: We aimed to explore whether transcranial Doppler (TCD) combined with quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) can improve prognosis evaluation in patients with a large hemispheric infarction (LHI) and to establish an accurate prognosis prediction model. Methods: We prospectively assessed 90-day mortality in patients with LHI. Brain function was monitored using TCD-QEEG at the bedside of the patient. Results: Of the 59 (55.3 ± 10.6 years; 17 men) enrolled patients, 37 (67.3%) patients died within 90 days. The Cox regression analyses revealed that the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ≤ 8 [hazard ratio (HR), 3.228; 95% CI, 1.335–7.801; p = 0.009], TCD-terminal internal carotid artery as the offending vessel (HR, 3.830; 95% CI, 1.301–11.271; p = 0.015), and QEEG-a (delta + theta)/(alpha + beta) ratio ≥ 3 (HR, 3.647; 95% CI, 1.170–11.373; p = 0.026) independently predicted survival duration. Combining these three factors yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.905 and had better predictive accuracy than those of individual variables ( p & lt; 0.05). Conclusion: TCD and QEEG complement the GCS score to create a reliable multimodal method for monitoring prognosis in patients with LHI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.724571
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Transcranial Doppler Combined With Quantitative Electroencephalography Brain Function Monitoring for Estimating the Prognosis of Patients With Posterior Circulation Cerebral Infarction
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 12 ( 2021-5-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-5-17)
    Abstract: Posterior circulation cerebral infarction (PCCI) can lead to deceased infratentorial cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism. Neural activity is closely related to regional cerebral blood flow both spatially and temporally. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) combined with quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) is a technique that evaluates neurovascular coupling and involves synergy between the metabolic and vascular systems. This study aimed to monitor brain function using TCD-QEEG and estimate the efficacy of TCD-QEEG for predicting the prognosis of patients with PCCI. We used a TCD-QEEG recording system to perform quantitative brain function monitoring; we recorded the related clinical variables simultaneously. The data were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the cut-off for the diastolic flow velocity (VD) and (delta + theta)/(alpha + beta) ratio (DTABR). The area under the ROC curve (AUROC) was calculated to assess the predictive validity of the study variables. Forty patients (aged 63.7 ± 9.9 years; 30 men) were assessed. Mortality at 90 days was 40%. The TCD indicators of VD [hazard ratio (HR) 0.168, confidence interval (CI) 0.047–0.597, p = 0.006] and QEEG indicators of DTABR (HR 12.527, CI 1.637–95.846, p = 0.015) were the independent predictors of the clinical outcomes. The AUROC after combination of VD and DTABR was 0.896 and showed better predictive accuracy than the Glasgow Coma Scale score (0.75), VD (0.76), and DTABR (0.781; all p & lt; 0.05). TCD-QEEG provides a good understanding of the coupling mechanisms in the brain and can improve our ability to predict the prognosis of patients with PCCI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.600985
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 8
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    Table_2.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-9-20)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-9-20)
    Abstract: The AlkB homologs ( ALKBH ) gene family regulates N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) RNA methylation and is involved in plant growth and the abiotic stress response. Poplar is an important model plant for studying perennial woody plants. Poplars typically have a long juvenile period of 7–10 years, requiring long periods of time for studies of flowering or mature wood properties. Consequently, functional studies of the ALKBH genes in Populus species have been limited. Based on AtALKBHs sequence similarity with Arabidopsis thaliana , 23 PagALKBHs were identified in the genome of the poplar 84K hybrid genotype ( P. alba   ×   P. tremula var. glandulosa ), and gene structures and conserved domains were confirmed between homologs. The PagALKBH proteins were classified into six groups based on conserved sequence compared with human, Arabidopsis, maize, rice, wheat, tomato, barley, and grape. All homologs of PagALKBHs were tissue-specific; most were highly expressed in leaves. ALKBH9B and ALKBH10B are m 6 A demethylases and overexpression of their homologs PagALKBH9B and PagALKBH10B reduced m 6 A RNA methylation in transgenic lines. The number of adventitious roots and the biomass accumulation of transgenic lines decreased compared with WT. Therefore, PagALKBH9B and PagALKBH10B mediate m 6 A RNA demethylation and play a regulatory role in poplar growth and development. Overexpression of PagALKBH9B and PagALKBH10B can reduce the accumulation of H 2 O 2 and oxidative damage by increasing the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and enhancing protection for Chl a/b, thereby increasing the salt tolerance of transgenic lines. However, overexpression lines were more sensitive to drought stress due to reduced proline content. This research revealed comprehensive information about the PagALKBH gene family and their roles in growth and development and responsing to salt stress of poplar.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s008
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994154.s009
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 9
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2022-1-5)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2022-1-5)
    Abstract: Inspired by the human brain, the spike-based neuromorphic system has attracted strong research enthusiasm because of the high energy efficiency and powerful computational capability, in which the spiking neurons and plastic synapses are two fundamental building blocks. Recently, two-terminal threshold switching (TS) devices have been regarded as promising candidates for building spiking neurons in hardware. However, how circuit parameters affect the spiking behavior of TS-based neurons is still an open question. Here, based on a leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron circuit, we systematically study the effect of both the extrinsic and intrinsic factors of NbO x -based TS neurons on their spiking behaviors. The extrinsic influence factors contain input intensities, connected synaptic weights, and parallel capacitances. To illustrate the effect of intrinsic factors, including the threshold voltage, holding voltage, and high/low resistance states of NbO x devices, we propose an empirical model of the fabricated NbO x devices, fitting well with the experimental results. The results indicate that with enhancing the input intensity, the spiking frequency increases first then decreases after reaching a peak value. Except for the connected synaptic weights, all other parameters can modulate the spiking peak frequency under high enough input intensity. Also, the relationship between energy consumption per spike and frequency of the neuron cell is further studied, leading guidance to design neuron circuits in a system to obtain the lowest energy consumption. At last, to demonstrate the practical applications of TS-based neurons, we construct a spiking neural network (SNN) to control the cart-pole using reinforcement learning, obtaining a reward score up to 450. This work provides valuable guidance on building compact LIF neurons based on TS devices and further bolsters the construction of high-efficiency neuromorphic systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.786694
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.786694.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 10
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    Heavy metal pollution characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of soils around three typical antimony mining areas and watersheds in China
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Environmental Science Vol. 10 ( 2022-8-31)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Environmental Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-8-31)
    Abstract: China is the largest antimony resource globally. The mining and smelting of antimony will inevitably have a significant impact on the surrounding and downstream farmlands of the mining area, Therefore, it is necessary to understand the pollution characteristics of antimony and evaluate its potential environmental risks. In this paper, three typical antimony mining areas were used as research districts to analyze the contents of heavy metals in soils of the mining areas and watersheds. The single-factor pollution index method, Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method, geo-accumulation index method, and potential ecological risk index method were used to comprehensively evaluate the pollution status and ecological risk of heavy metals in soils around the mining areas. The soil around the Lengshuijiang tin mine was polluted by As, Cd, Zn, and Sb, it was a heavily polluted soil and at a high ecological risk level. The arable soil around the Nandan tea mountain antimony mine was polluted by As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn, and it was a heavily polluted soil with very high ecological risk level. The soil around the Xunyang antimony mine was mainly polluted by Sb and it was a moderately polluted soil with moderate ecological risk level. The results revealed that the overall soil heavy metal levels in the Lengshuijiang mining area and the Nandan mining area were in a high-risk state, most likely due to the mining and smelting of metal ores and the weathering of mineralised rocks. showing a high-potential ecological risk in these mining areas. We expect to provide a scientific basis for the safe utilization of farmland and pollution control around the antimony mining areas and watersheds in China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-665X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.913293
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741535-1
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