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  • Frontiers Media SA  (37)
  • 1
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    Presentation_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-30)
    Abstract: Clavibacter michiganensis , a Gram-positive plant-pathogenic bacterium, utilizes apoplastic effectors for disease development in host plants. Here, we determine the roles of Pat-1 Cm (a putative serine protease) in pathogenicity and plant immunity. Pat-1 Cm was found to be a genuine secreted protein, and the secreted mature form did not carry the first 33 amino acids predicted to be a signal peptide (SP). The pat-1 Cm mutant impaired to cause wilting, but still caused canker symptom in tomato. Moreover, this mutant failed to trigger the hypersensitive response (HR) in a nonhost Nicotiana tabacum . Among orthologs and paralogs of pat-1 Cm , only chp-7 Cs from Clavibacter sepedonicus , a potato pathogen, successfully complemented pat-1 Cm function in pathogenicity in tomato, whereas all failed to complement pat-1 Cm function in HR induction in N. tabacum . Based on the structural prediction, Pat-1 Cm carried a catalytic triad for putative serine protease, and alanine substitution of any amino acids in the triad abolished both pathogenicity and HR-inducing activities of Pat-1 Cm in C. michiganensis . Ectopic expression of pat-1 Cm with an SP from tobacco secreted protein triggered HR in N. tabacum , but not in tomato, whereas a catalytic triad mutant failed to induce HR. Inoculation of the pat-1 Cm mutant mixed with the mutant of another apoplastic effector CelA (cellulase) caused severe wilting in tomato, indicating that these two apoplastic effectors can functionally cooperate in pathogenicity. Overall, these results indicate that Pat-1 Cm is a distinct secreted protein carrying a functional catalytic triad for serine protease and this enzymatic activity might be critical for both pathogenicity and HR-eliciting activities of Pat-1 Cm in plants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.888290
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.888290.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 2
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    Table_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-10)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-10)
    Abstract: Clavibacter michiganensis is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes bacterial canker and wilting in host plants like tomato. Two major virulence genes encoding a cellulase ( celA ) and a putative serine protease ( pat-1 ) have been reported. Here we show that Nicotiana benthamiana , a commonly used model plant for studying molecular plant–pathogen interactions, is a surrogate host of C. michiganensis and C. capsici . When a low concentration of two Clavibacter species, C . michiganensis and C . capsici , were infiltrated into N. benthamiana leaves, they caused blister-like lesions closely associated with cell death and the generation of reactive oxygen species and proliferated significantly like a pathogenic bacterium. By contrast, they did not cause any disease symptoms in N. tabacum leaves. The celA and pat-1 mutants of C . michiganensis still caused blister-like lesions and cankers like the wild-type strain. When a high concentration of two Clavibacter species and two mutant strains were infiltrated into N. benthamiana leaves, all of them caused strong and rapid necrosis. However, only C. michiganensis strains, including the celA and pat-1 mutants, caused wilting symptoms when it was injected into stems. When two Clavibacter species and two mutants were infiltrated into N. tabacum leaves at the high concentration, they (except for the pat-1 mutant) caused a strong hypersensitive response. These results indicate that C. michiganensis causes blister-like lesions, canker, and wilting in N. benthamiana , and celA and pat-1 genes are not necessary for the development of these symptoms. Overall, N. benthamiana is a surrogate host of Clavibacter species, and their novel virulence factors are responsible for disease development in this plant.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.876971
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.876971.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 3
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    Table_3.XLSX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-1)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-1)
    Abstract: Clavibacter michiganensis , a Gram-positive, plant-pathogenic bacterium belonging to Actinobacteria, is a causal agent of bacterial canker in tomatoes. Although LMG7333 T is the type strain of C . michiganensis , it has not been used in many studies, probably because of a lack of the complete genome sequence being available. Therefore, in this study, the complete genome sequence of this type strain was obtained, and comparative genome analysis was conducted with the genome sequences of two other C. michiganensis strains and type strains of Clavibacter species, of which their complete genome sequences are available. C . michiganensis LMG7333 T carries one chromosome and two plasmids, pCM1 and pCM2, like two other C. michiganensis strains. All three chromosomal DNA sequences were almost identical. However, the DNA sequences of two plasmids of LMG7333 T are similar to those of UF1, but different from those of NCPPB382, indicating that both plasmids carry distinct gene content among C. michiganensis strains. Moreover, 216 protein-coding sequences (CDSs) were only present in the LMG7333 T genome compared with type strains of other Clavibacter species. Among these 216 CDSs, approximately 83% were in the chromosome, whereas others were in both plasmids (more than 6% in pCM1 and 11% in pCM2). However, the ratio of unique CDSs of the total CDSs in both plasmids were approximately 38% in pCM1 and 30% in pCM2, indicating that the high gene content percentage in both plasmids of C. michiganensis are different from those of other Clavibacter species, and plasmid DNAs might be derived from different origins. A virulence assay with C. michiganensis LMG7333 T using three different inoculation methods, root-dipping, leaf-clipping, and stem injection, resulted in typical disease symptoms, including wilting and canker in tomato. Altogether, our results indicate that two plasmids of C. michiganensis carry distinct gene content, and the genome information of the type strain LMG7333 T will help to understand the genetic diversity of the two plasmids of Clavibacter species, including C. michiganensis .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.793345
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.793345.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.793345.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.793345.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.793345.s004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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  • 4
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    Data_Sheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 12 ( 2022-1-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-1-13)
    Abstract: Drought and salinity are major important factors that restrain growth and productivity of rice. In plants, many really interesting new gene (RING) finger proteins have been reported to enhance drought and salt tolerance. However, their mode of action and interacting substrates are largely unknown. Here, we identified a new small RING-H2 type E3 ligase OsRF1 , which is involved in the ABA and stress responses of rice. OsRF1 transcripts were highly induced by ABA, salt, or drought treatment. Upregulation of OsRF1 in transgenic rice conferred drought and salt tolerance and increased endogenous ABA levels. Consistent with this, faster transcriptional activation of key ABA biosynthetic genes, ZEP, NCED3 , and ABA4 , was observed in OsRF1 -OE plants compared with wild type in response to drought stress. Yeast two-hybrid assay, BiFC, and co-immunoprecipitation analysis identified clade A PP2C proteins as direct interacting partners with OsRF1. In vitro ubiquitination assay indicated that OsRF1 exhibited E3 ligase activity, and that it targeted OsPP2C09 protein for ubiquitination and degradation. Cell-free degradation assay further showed that the OsPP2C09 protein is more rapidly degraded by ABA in the OsRF1 -OE rice than in the wild type. The combined results suggested that OsRF1 is a positive player of stress responses by modulating protein stability of clade A PP2C proteins, negative regulators of ABA signaling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.797940
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.797940.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 5
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    Data_Sheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-3)
    Abstract: The reported beneficial effects of statins on cardiovascular outcome based on risk assessment are inconsistent. Therefore, we investigated statin therapy effectiveness for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), according to the Korean Risk Prediction Model (KRPM). Subjects aged 40–79 years with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of & lt; 190 mg/dL and without CVD history were categorized as statin users or non-users using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) database, Korea, 2002–2015. The 10-year atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk was calculated using the validated KRPM and categorized as low, borderline, intermediate, or high-risk groups; the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) was compared over a mean follow-up period of 5.7 years using Cox proportional hazard models. The MACE incidence risk was decreased in statin users [hazard ratio (HR) 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.84–0.98)]. However, there was an increased risk of MACE incidence in low-risk statin users [HR 1.80, 95% CI (1.29–2.52)] , and no significant relationship was identified between statin use and MACE in the borderline [HR 1.15, 95% CI (0.86–1.54)] and intermediate-risk [HR 0.94, 95% CI (0.85–1.03)] groups. The risk of MACE incidence decreased only in the high CVD risk group among statin users. Statin use is not associated with MACE reduction in low- to intermediate-risk participants. Therefore, individuals with LDL-C level of & lt; 190 mg/dL and low ASCVD risk should consider statin therapy only when CVD risk is proved obvious using an appropriate ASCVD risk tool.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1024780
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1024780.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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  • 6
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    Photocrosslinkable natural polymers in tissue engineering
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology Vol. 11 ( 2023-3-2)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2023-3-2)
    Abstract: Natural polymers have been widely used in scaffolds for tissue engineering due to their superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low cytotoxicity compared to synthetic polymers. Despite these advantages, there remain drawbacks such as unsatisfying mechanical properties or low processability, which hinder natural tissue substitution. Several non-covalent or covalent crosslinking methods induced by chemicals, temperatures, pH, or light sources have been suggested to overcome these limitations. Among them, light-assisted crosslinking has been considered as a promising strategy for fabricating microstructures of scaffolds. This is due to the merits of non-invasiveness, relatively high crosslinking efficiency via light penetration, and easily controllable parameters, including light intensity or exposure time. This review focuses on photo-reactive moieties and their reaction mechanisms, which are widely exploited along with natural polymer and its tissue engineering applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-4185
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1127757
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2719493-0
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  • 7
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    Image_3.TIF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Vol. 8 ( 2020-12-23)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2020-12-23)
    Abstract: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in a multiple of cancer types and resistant to traditional cancer therapies such as chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy, which may destroy bulk tumor cells but not all CSCs, contributing to reformation tumor masses and subsequent relapse. Moreover, it is very difficult to effectively identify and eliminate CSCs because they share some common phenotypic and functional characteristics of normal stem cells. Therefore, finding better therapeutic strategies to selectively target CSCs might be helpful to reduce subsequent malignancies. In the present study, we found that caffeic acid effectively suppresses self-renewal capacity, stem-like characteristics, and migratory capacity of CD44 + and CD133 + colorectal CSCs in vitro and in vivo . In addition, we also revealed that PI3K/Akt signaling may be linked to multiple colorectal CSC-associated characteristics, such as radio-resistance, stem-like property, and tumorigenic potential. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that caffeic acid effectively targets colorectal CSC populations by inhibiting the growth and/or self-renewal capacity of colorectal CSCs through PI3K/Akt signaling in vitro and in vivo .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-634X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.585987
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.585987.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.585987.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.585987.s003
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2737824-X
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  • 8
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    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 14 ( 2023-1-25)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-1-25)
    Abstract: Temperature is an important regulator of growth in algae and other photosynthetic organisms. Temperatures above or below the optimal growth temperature could cause oxidative stress to algae through accumulation of oxidizing compounds such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus, algal temperature stress tolerance could be attained by enhancing oxidative stress resistance. In plants, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) has been implicated in cold stress tolerance, eliciting a signal for the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes that counteract oxidative damage associated with several abiotic stresses. Little is known whether temperature stress could be alleviated by ADH in algae. Here, we generated transgenic lines of the unicellular oleaginous alga Nannochloropsis salina that heterologously expressed sysr1 , which encodes ADH in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6906. To drive sysr1 expression, the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) promoter isolated from N. salina was used, as its transcript levels were significantly increased under either cold or heat stress growth conditions. When subjected to cold stress, transgenic N. salina cells were more cold-tolerant than wild-type cells, showing less ROS production but increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase. Thus, we suggest that reinforcement of alcohol metabolism could be a target for genetic manipulation to endow algae with cold temperature stress tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1045917
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1045917.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1045917.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 9
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    Effect of Novel Polymer-Free Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Dioxide Film–Coated Coronary Stent Loaded With Mycophenolic Acid
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology Vol. 9 ( 2021-10-29)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2021-10-29)
    Abstract: Background: Titanium is commonly used in blood-exposed medical devices because it has superior blood compatibility. Mycophenolic acid inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. This study examined the effect of a non-polymer TiO 2 thin film–coated stent with mycophenolic acid in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model. Methods: Thirty coronary arteries in 15 pigs were randomized into three groups in which the coronary arteries were treated with a TiO 2 film–coated stent with mycophenolic acid (NTM, n = 10), everolimus-eluting stent with biodegradable polymer (EES, n = 10), or TiO 2 film–coated stent (NT, n = 10). A histopathologic analysis was performed 28 days after the stenting. Results: There were no significant intergroup differences in injury score, internal elastic lamina area, or inflammation score. Percent area stenosis was significantly smaller in the NTM and EES groups than in the NT group (36.1 ± 13.63% vs. 31.6 ± 7.74% vs. 45.5 ± 18.96%, respectively, p = 0.0003). Fibrin score was greater in the EES group than in the NTM and NT groups [2.0 (range, 2.0–2.0) vs. 1.0 (range, 1.0–1.75) vs. 1.0 (range, 1.0–1.0), respectively, p & lt; 0.0001]. The in-stent occlusion rate measured by micro-computed tomography demonstrated similar percent area stenosis rates on histology analysis (36.1 ± 15.10% in NTM vs. 31.6 ± 8.89% in EES vs. 45.5 ± 17.26% in NT, p & lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The NTM more effectively reduced neointima proliferation than the NT. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of NTM on smooth muscle cell proliferation was not inferior to that of the polymer-based EES with lower fibrin deposition in this porcine coronary restenosis model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-4185
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.650408
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2719493-0
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  • 10
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    DataSheet2.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-13)
    Abstract: Maslinic acid (MA), also named crategolic acid, is a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from fruits and vegetables. Although various beneficial pharmacological effects of MA have been revealed, its effect on renal fibrosis remains unclear. This study was designed to clarify whether MA could attenuate renal fibrosis and determine the putative underlying molecular mechanisms. We demonstrated that MA-treated mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) developed a histological injury of low severity and exhibited downregulated expression of fibrotic markers, including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin, and fibronectin by 38, 44 and 40%, and upregulated expression of E-cadherin by 70% as compared with untreated UUO mice. Moreover, MA treatment restored the expression levels of α-SMA, connective tissue growth factor, and vimentin to 10, 7.8 and 38% of those induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in NRK49F cells. MA decreased expression of Smad2/3 phosphorylation and Smad4 in UUO kidneys and TGF-β treated NRK49F cells ( p & lt; 0.05, respectively). Notably, MA specifically interferes with MyD88, an adaptor protein, thereby mitigating Smad4 nuclear expression ( p & lt; 0.01 compared to TGF-β treated group) and ameliorating renal fibrotic changes ( p & lt; 0.01 for each fibrotic markers compared to TGF-β induced cells). In addition, in the UUO model and lipopolysaccharide-induced NRK49F cells, MA treatment decreased the expression of IL-1β, TGF-α and MCP-1, ICAM-1, associated with the suppression of NF-κB signaling. These findings suggest that MA is a potential agent that can reduce renal interstitial fibrosis, to some extent, via targeting TGF-β/Smad and MyD88 signaling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.708575
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.708575.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.708575.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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