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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Initial Experience of Intentional Internal High-Dose Policy Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy of Neck Lymph Node Metastases ≥ 2 cm in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 11 ( 2021-4-27)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-4-27)
    Abstract: Most locoregional recurrences after definitive radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) develop “in-field.” Dose escalation while sparing organs at risk can be a good solution for improving local control without increasing adverse effects. This study investigated the safety and effectiveness of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using intentionally internal high-dose policy (IIHDP) to treat neck lymph node metastases (NLNM) ≥ 2 cm in HNSCC patients. Materials and Methods We analyzed 71 NLNM from 51 HNSCC patients who had received definitive radiotherapy to treat NLNM ≥ 2 cm using the VMAT technique in our institution between February 2017 and August 2019. Thirty-seven NLNM from 25 patients were treated using IIHDP VMAT (group A), and 34 NLNM from 27 patients were treated with homogeneous-dose distribution policy (HDDP) VMAT (group B). One patient with three NLNM had one lymph node assigned to group A and the other two to group B. Adverse events and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was compared between the two groups. Results In the median follow-up period of 527 days, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of dermatitis or mucositis ≥ grade 2/3, but LRFS was significantly longer in group A (p = 0.007). In the Cox regression analysis after adjustment for the propensity score, group A also showed an apparently superior LFRS. Conclusion Our initial experience of IIHDP VMAT suggested that IIHDP VMAT to treat HNSCC neck lymph node metastases measuring ≥ 2 cm was feasible and possibly led to better local control than HDDP VMAT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.651409
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 2
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 17 ( 2023-7-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 17 ( 2023-7-17)
    Abstract: Septic encephalopathy (SE) is characterized by symptoms such as coma, delirium, and cognitive dysfunction, and effective therapeutic interventions for SE remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential alleviating effects of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) on SE-associated signs. To evaluate our hypothesis, we utilized a mouse model of SE induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (0.3 mg per mouse) and administered noninvasive, high-frequency ultrasound VNS. To assess the efficacy of ultrasound VNS, we measured inflammation-related molecules, including the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) expression in peritoneal macrophages and plasma interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels. Consistent with our hypothesis, SE mice exhibited reduced α7nAChR expression in macrophages and elevated IL-1β levels in the blood. Remarkably, VNS in SE mice restored α7nAChR expression and IL-1β levels to those observed in control mice. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of VNS on survival rate, body temperature, and locomotor activity. SE mice subjected to VNS demonstrated a modest, yet significant, improvement in survival rate, recovery from hypothermia, and increased locomotor activity. To investigate the impact on the brain, we examined the hippocampus of SE mice. In control mice, VNS increased the expression of c-fos, a marker of neuronal electrical excitability, in the hippocampus. In SE mice, VNS led to the restoration of aberrant firing patterns in hippocampal neurons. Additionally, proteomic analysis of hippocampal tissue in SE mice revealed abnormal increases in two proteins, tissue factor (TF) and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9 (ACAD9), which returned to control levels following VNS. Collectively, our findings support the value of exploring the beneficial effects of ultrasound VNS on SE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1211608
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1211608.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 3
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-12)
    Abstract: An acetic acid bacterium, Komagataeibacter medellinensis NBRC 3288, was adapted to higher growth temperatures through an experimental evolution approach in acetic acid fermentation conditions, in which the cells grew under high concentrations of ethanol and acetic acid. The thermally adapted strains were shown to exhibit significantly increased growth and fermentation ability, compared to the wild strain, at higher temperatures. Although the wild cells were largely elongated and exhibited a rough cell surface, the adapted strains repressed the elongation and exhibited a smaller cell size and a smoother cell surface than the wild strain. Among the adapted strains, the ITO-1 strain isolated during the initial rounds of adaptation was shown to have three indel mutations in the genes gyrB , degP , and spoT . Among these, two dispensable genes, degP and spoT , were further examined in this study. Rough cell surface morphology related to degP mutation suggested that membrane vesicle-like structures were increased on the cell surface of the wild-type strain but repressed in the ITO-1 strain under high-temperature acetic acid fermentation conditions. The Δ degP strain could not grow at higher temperatures and accumulated a large amount of membrane vesicles in the culture supernatant when grown even at 30°C, suggesting that the degP mutation is involved in cell surface stability. As the spoT gene of ITO-1 lost a 3′-end of 424 bp, which includes one (Act-4) of the possible two regulatory domains (TGS and Act-4), two spoT mutant strains were created: one (ΔTGSAct) with a drug cassette in between the 5′-half catalytic domain and 3′-half regulatory domains of the gene, and the other (ΔAct-4) in between TGS and Act-4 domains of the regulatory domain. These spoT mutants exhibited different growth responses; ΔTGSAct grew better in both the fermentation and non-fermentation conditions, whereas ΔAct-4 did only under fermentation conditions, such as ITO-1 at higher temperatures. We suggest that cell elongation and/or cell size are largely related to these spoT mutations, which may be involved in fermentation stress and thermotolerance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.802010
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.802010.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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  • 4
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    C3a Enhances the Formation of Intestinal Organoids through C3aR1
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2017
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 8 ( 2017-09-04)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2017-09-04)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01046
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 5
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    DataSheet1.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Genetics Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-5)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Genetics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-5)
    Abstract: Background: Hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma with tendon contractures, myopathy, and pulmonary fibrosis (POIKTMP) is an extremely rare disease caused by mutations in FAM111B, and only approximately 30 cases have been reported worldwide. Some patients develop interstitial pneumonia, which may lead to progressive pulmonary fibrosis and poor prognosis. However, no effective treatment for interstitial pneumonia associated with POIKTMP has been reported. Here, we report an autopsy case of POIKTMP, wherein interstitial pneumonia was improved by corticosteroids. Case Presentation: A 44-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital due to poikiloderma, hypotrichosis, and interstitial pneumonia. He developed progressive poikiloderma and muscle weakness since infancy. He also had tendon contractures, short stature, liver cirrhosis, and interstitial pneumonia. Mutation analysis of FAM111B revealed a novel and de novo heterozygous missense mutation, c.1886T & gt; G (p(Phe629Cys)), through which we were able to diagnose the patient with POIKTMP. 3 years after the POIKTMP diagnosis, interstitial pneumonia had worsened. After 2 weeks of administrating 40 mg/day of prednisolone, his symptoms and lung shadows improved. However, he subsequently developed severe hepatic encephalopathy and eventually died of respiratory failure due to bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary edema. Autopsy revealed an unclassifiable pattern of interstitial pneumonia, as well as the presence of fibrosis and fatty degeneration in several organs, including the liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, heart, pancreas, and thyroid. Conclusions: We report a case of POIKTMP in which interstitial pneumonia was improved by corticosteroids, suggesting that corticosteroids could be an option for the treatment of interstitial pneumonia associated with this disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-8021
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.870192
    DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.870192.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606823-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 16 ( 2022-4-19)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 16 ( 2022-4-19)
    Abstract: In two-photon microscopy, aberration correction is an essential technique for realizing high resolution in deep regions. A spatial light modulator (SLM) incorporated into an optical system for two-photon microscopy performs pre-compensation on the wavefront of the excitation beam, restoring the resolution close to the diffraction limit even in the deep region of a biological sample. If a spatial resolution smaller than the diffraction limit can be achieved along with aberration correction, the importance of two-photon microscopy for deep region observation will increase further. In this study, we realize higher resolution observations in the deep region by combining two resolution-enhancement methods and an aberration correction method. Therefore, a z-polarizer is added to the aberration-correction optical system, and the SLM modulates the amplitude and phase of the excitation beam; in other words, complex-amplitude modulation is performed. The lateral resolution is found to be approximately 20% higher than the diffraction limit obtained using a circularly polarized beam. Verification was conducted by simulation and experimentation using model samples and ex vivo biological samples. The proposed method has the potential to be effective for live imaging and photostimulation of the deep region of the sample, although it requires only minor changes to the conventional optical system that performs aberration correction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.880178
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.880178.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 7
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    DataSheet1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Physics Vol. 9 ( 2022-1-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Physics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-1-28)
    Abstract: Magnetic skyrmion is a particle-like swirling spin texture promising for future memory devices. The geometric confinement and artificial control of skyrmions are crucial for such practical applications. In a previous research, we developed a technique to confine skyrmions to simple geometric corrals, such as a rectangle and a triangle, composed of artificial surface pits with nanometer-scale dimensions fabricated by using a focused electron beam. The technique has a potential advantage of facilitating more complex geometries, which has not been fully explored yet. Here we directly visualize skyrmions confined to surface-pit corrals with several complex geometries by using differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy. We find that individual skyrmions are deformed not only in shape but also in size under a moderate-bias field. We also find that deformed skyrmionic spin textures with opposite polarities coexist in the zero-field condition. The present study provides a guide to confine skyrmions, which should be useful for future applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-424X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2021.774951
    DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2021.774951.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721033-9
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  • 8
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    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 8 ( 2021-5-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-5-3)
    Abstract: According to the guidelines for cardiogenic shock, norepinephrine is associated with fewer arrhythmias than dopamine and may be the better first-line vasopressor agent. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of norepinephrine vs. dopamine as first-line vasopressor agent for cardiovascular shock depending on the presence and severity of renal dysfunction at hospitalization. This was a secondary analysis of the prospective, multicenter Japanese Circulation Society Cardiovascular Shock Registry (JCS Shock Registry) conducted between 2012 and 2014, which included patients with shock complicating emergency cardiovascular disease at hospital arrival. The analysis included 240 adult patients treated with norepinephrine alone ( n = 98) or dopamine alone ( n = 142) as the first-line vasopressor agent. Primary endpoint was mortality at 30 days after hospital arrival. The two groups had similar baseline characteristics, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and similar 30-day mortality rates. The analysis of the relationship between 30-day mortality rate after hospital arrival and vasopressor agent used in patients categorized according to the eGFR-based chronic kidney disease classification revealed that norepinephrine as the first-line vasopressor agent might be associated with better prognosis of cardiovascular shock in patients with mildly compromised renal function at admission (0.0 vs. 22.6%; P = 0.010) and that dopamine as the first-line vasopressor agent might be beneficial for cardiovascular shock in patients with severely compromised renal function [odds ratio; 0.22 (95% confidence interval 0.05–0.88; P = 0.032)]. Choice of first-line vasopressor agent should be based on renal function at hospital arrival for patients in cardiovascular shock. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/ , Unique identifier: 000008441.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.648824
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.648824.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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  • 9
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    Relationships of computed tomography-based small vessel indices of the lungs with ventilation heterogeneity and high transfer coefficients in non-smokers with asthma
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 14 ( 2023-3-1)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Physiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-3-1)
    Abstract: Background: The mechanism of high transfer coefficients of the lungs for carbon monoxide (Kco) in non-smokers with asthma is explained by the redistribution of blood flow to the area with preserved ventilation, to match the ventilation perfusion. Objectives: To examine whether ventilation heterogeneity, assessed by pulmonary function tests, is associated with computed tomography (CT)-based vascular indices and Kco in patients with asthma. Methods: Participants were enrolled from the Hokkaido-based Investigative Cohort Analysis for Refractory Asthma (Hi-CARAT) study that included a prospective asthmatic cohort. Pulmonary function tests including Kco, using single breath methods; total lung capacity (TLC), using multiple breath methods; and CT, were performed on the same day. The ratio of the lung volume assessed using single breath methods (alveolar volume; V A ) to that using multiple breath methods (TLC) was calculated as an index of ventilation heterogeneity. The volume of the pulmonary small vessels & lt;5 mm 2 in the whole lung (BV5 volume), and number of BV5 at a theoretical surface area of the lungs from the plural surface (BV5 number) were evaluated using chest CT images. Results: The low V A /TLC group (the lowest quartile) had significantly lower BV5 number, BV5 volume, higher BV5 volume/BV5 number, and higher Kco compared to the high V A /TLC group (the highest quartile) in 117 non-smokers, but not in 67 smokers. Multivariable analysis showed that low V A /TLC was associated with low BV5 number, after adjusting for age, sex, weight, lung volume on CT, and CT emphysema index in non-smokers (not in smokers). Conclusion: Ventilation heterogeneity may be associated with low BV5 number and high Kco in non-smokers (not in smokers). Future studies need to determine the dynamic regional system in ventilation, perfusion, and diffusion in asthma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-042X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1137603
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564217-0
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  • 10
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    Species tropism of HIV-1 modulated by viral accessory proteins
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2012
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 3 ( 2012)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 3 ( 2012)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00267
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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