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  • Frontiers Media SA  (71)
  • 1
    In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2018-11-20)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5102
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2452963-1
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  • 2
    In: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2018-11-5)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5099
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2452967-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2022-12-30)
    In: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2022-12-30)
    Abstract: Macrophages play a crucial role in wound healing and fibrosis progression after brain injury. However, a detailed analysis of their initial infiltration and interaction with fibroblasts is yet to be conducted. This study aimed to investigate the possible route for migration of meningeal macrophages into the ischemic brain and whether these macrophages closely interact with neighboring platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor (PDGFR-β)-positive adventitial fibroblasts during this process. A rat model of ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was developed. In sham-operated rats, CD206-positive meningeal macrophages were confined to the leptomeninges and the perivascular spaces, and they were not found in the cortical parenchyma. In MCAO rats, the number of CD206-positive meningeal macrophages increased both at the leptomeninges and along the vessels penetrating the cortex 1 day after reperfusion and increased progressively in the extravascular area of the cortical parenchyma by 3 days. Immunoelectron microscopy and correlative light and electron microscopy showed that in the ischemic brain, macrophages were frequently located in the Virchow–Robin space around the penetrating arterioles and ascending venules at the pial surface. This was identified by cells expressing PDGFR-β, a novel biomarker of leptomeningeal cells. Macrophages within penetrating vessels were localized in the perivascular space between smooth muscle cells and PDGFR-β-positive adventitial fibroblasts. In addition, these PDGFR-β-positive fibroblasts showed morphological and molecular characteristics similar to those of leptomeningeal cells: they had large euchromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli and well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum; expressed nestin, vimentin, and type I collagen; and were frequently surrounded by collagen fibrils, indicating active collagen synthesis. In conclusion, the perivascular Virchow–Robin space surrounding the penetrating vessels could be an entry route of meningeal macrophages from the subarachnoid space into the ischemic cortical parenchyma, implying that activated PDGFR-β-positive adventitial fibroblasts could be involved in this process.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5099
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2452967-9
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  • 4
    In: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-12-21)
    Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a critical risk factor for the pathogenesis and progression of coronary artery disease, with a higher prevalence of complex coronary artery disease, including bifurcation lesions. This study aimed to elucidate the optimal stenting strategy for coronary bifurcation lesions in patients with DM. Methods A total of 905 patients with DM and bifurcation lesions treated with second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) from a multicenter retrospective patient cohort were analyzed. The primary outcome was the 5-year incidence of target lesion failure (TLF), which was defined as a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization. Results Among all patients with DM with significant bifurcation lesions, 729 (80.6%) and 176 (19.4%) were treated with one- and two-stent strategies, respectively. TLF incidence differed according to the stenting strategy during the mean follow-up of 42 ± 20 months. Among the stent strategies, T- and V-stents were associated with a higher TLF incidence than one-stent strategy (24.0 vs. 7.3%, p & lt; 0.001), whereas no difference was observed in TLF between the one-stent strategy and crush or culotte technique (7.3 vs. 5.9%, p = 0.645). The T- or V-stent technique was an independent predictor of TLF in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 3.592; 95% confidence interval, 2.117–6.095; p & lt; 0.001). Chronic kidney disease, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and left main bifurcation were independent predictors of TLF in patients with DM. Conclusion T- or V-stenting in patients with DM resulted in increased cardiovascular events after second-generation DES implantation. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03068494?term=03068494 & amp;draw=2 & amp;rank=1 , identifier: NCT03068494.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-055X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2781496-8
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  • 5
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-6-29)
    Abstract: Disorders of consciousness (DOC) resulting from acquired brain injury (ABI) increase the mortality rate of patients, complicate rehabilitation, and increase the physical and economic burden that DOC imposes on patients and their families. Thus, treatment to promote early awakening from DOC is vital. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown great potential for promoting neuro-electrochemical activity. However, previous tDCS studies did not consider structural damage or head and brain lesions, so the applicability of the results to all DOC patients was limited. In this study, to establish a patient-specific tDCS treatment plan considering the brain lesions of and damage sustained by DOC patients, we considered the electric field calculated by a the “finite electric” three-dimensional brain model based on magnetic resonance images. This protocol was developed to aid tDCS treatment of actual patients, and to verify its safety and effectiveness. Methods/design Twenty-four patients with DOC after ABI will be enrolled in this cross-over trial. All participants will receive typical rehabilitation combined with sham tDCS and typical rehabilitation plus personalized tDCS (P-tDCS). Each interventional period will last 2 weeks (30 min/day, 5 days/week). The primary outcome [score on the Korean version of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (K-CRS-R)] will be assessed at baseline and the end of the first day of the intervention. Secondary outcomes (K-CRS-R at 1 week and 2 weeks after experimental session and quantitative EEG changes quantitative electroencephalography changes) will be measured at baseline and the end of week 4. Adverse events will be recorded during each treatment session. Discussion For patients with neurological disorders, tDCS has served as a painless, non-invasive, easily applied, and effective therapy for several decades, and there is some evidence that it can improve the level of consciousness of patients with DOC. However, variability in the effects on consciousness among subjects have been reported and personalized strategies are lacking. This protocol is for a randomized controlled trial designed to validate the effectiveness and safety of P-tDCS combined with typical rehabilitation for DOC. Clinical trial registration https://cris.nih.go.kr , identifier KCT0007157.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 6
    In: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2023-3-23)
    Abstract: Older patients who treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are at a higher risk of adverse cardiac outcomes. We sought to investigate the clinical impact of bifurcation PCI in older patients from Korea and Italy. Methods We selected 5,537 patients who underwent bifurcation PCI from the BIFURCAT (comBined Insights from the Unified RAIN and COBIS bifurcAtion regisTries) database. The primary outcome was a composite of target vessel myocardial infarction, clinically driven target lesion revascularization, and stent thrombosis at two years. Results In patients aged ≥75 years, the mean age was 80.1 ± 4.0 years, 65.2% were men, and 33.7% had diabetes. Older patients more frequently presented with chronic kidney disease (CKD), severe coronary calcification, and left main coronary artery disease (LMCA). During a median follow-up of 2.1 years, older patients showed similar adverse clinical outcomes compared to younger patients (the primary outcome, 5.7% vs. 4.5%; p  = 0.21). Advanced age was not an independent predictor of the primary outcome ( p  = 0.93) in overall patients. Both CKD and LMCA were independent predictors regardless of age group. Conclusions Older patients (≥75 years) showed similar clinical outcomes to those of younger patients after bifurcation PCI. Advanced age alone should not deter physicians from performing complex PCIs for bifurcation disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-055X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2781496-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 13 ( 2022-11-15)
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-11-15)
    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global health concern since 2019. The viral spike protein infects the host by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expressed on the cell surface, which is then processed by type II transmembrane serine protease. However, ACE2 does not react to SARS-CoV-2 in inbred wild-type mice, which poses a challenge for preclinical research with animal models, necessitating a human ACE2 (hACE2)-expressing transgenic mouse model. Cytokeratin 18 ( K18 ) promoter-derived hACE2 transgenic mice [B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J] are widely used for research on SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. However, SARS-CoV-2 infection is lethal at ≥10 5 PFU and SARS-CoV-2 target cells are limited to type-1 alveolar pneumocytes in K18-hACE2 mice, making this model incompatible with infections in the human lung. Hence, we developed lung-specific SARS-CoV-2 infection mouse models with surfactant protein B ( SFTPB ) and secretoglobin family 1a member 1 ( Scgb1a1 ) promoters. After inoculation of 10 5 PFU of SARS-CoV-2 to the K18-hACE2, SFTPB-hACE2, and SCGB1A1-hACE2 models, the peak viral titer was detected at 2 days post-infection and then gradually decreased. In K18-hACE2 mice, the body temperature decreased by approximately 10°C, body weight decreased by over 20%, and the survival rate was reduced. However, SFTPB-hACE2 and SCGB1A1-hACE2 mice showed minimal clinical signs after infection. The virus targeted type I pneumocytes in K18-hACE2 mice; type II pneumocytes in SFTPB-hACE2 mice; and club, goblet, and ciliated cells in SCGB1A1-hACE2 mice. A time-dependent increase in severe lung lesions was detected in K18-hACE2 mice, whereas mild lesions developed in SFTPB-hACE2 and SCGB1A1-hACE2 mice. Spleen, small intestine, and brain lesions developed in K18-hACE2 mice but not in SFTPB-hACE2 and SCGB1A1-hACE2 mice. These newly developed SFTPB-hACE2 and SCGB1A1-hACE2 mice should prove useful to expand research on hACE2-mediated respiratory viruses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 8
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-12-2)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 9
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2024-3-21)
    Abstract: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG) immunoglobulin G (IgG)-associated disease (MOGAD) has clinical and pathophysiological features that are similar to but distinct from those of aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG)-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4-NMOSD). MOG-IgG and AQP4-IgG, mostly of the IgG1 subtype, can both activate the complement system. Therefore, we investigated whether the levels of serum complement components, regulators, and activation products differ between MOGAD and AQP4-NMOSD, and if complement analytes can be utilized to differentiate between these diseases. Methods The sera of patients with MOGAD (from during an attack and remission; N =19 and N =9, respectively) and AQP4-NMOSD ( N =35 and N =17), and healthy controls ( N =38) were analyzed for C1q-binding circulating immune complex (CIC-C1q), C1 inhibitor (C1-INH), factor H (FH), C3, iC3b, and soluble terminal complement complex (sC5b-9). Results In attack samples, the levels of C1-INH, FH, and iC3b were higher in the MOGAD group than in the NMOSD group (all, p & lt;0.001), while the level of sC5b-9 was increased only in the NMOSD group. In MOGAD, there were no differences in the concentrations of complement analytes based on disease status. However, within AQP4-NMOSD, remission samples indicated a higher C1-INH level than attack samples (p=0.003). Notably, AQP4-NMOSD patients on medications during attack showed lower levels of iC3b ( p & lt;0.001) and higher levels of C3 ( p =0.008), C1-INH ( p =0.004), and sC5b-9 ( p & lt;0.001) compared to those not on medication. Among patients not on medication at the time of attack sampling, serum MOG-IgG cell-based assay (CBA) score had a positive correlation with iC3b and C1-INH levels (rho=0.764 and p =0.010, and rho=0.629 and p =0.049, respectively), and AQP4-IgG CBA score had a positive correlation with C1-INH level (rho=0.836, p =0.003). Conclusions This study indicates a higher prominence of complement pathway activation and subsequent C3 degradation in MOGAD compared to AQP4-NMOSD. On the other hand, the production of terminal complement complexes (TCC) was found to be more substantial in AQP4-NMOSD than in MOGAD. These findings suggest a strong regulation of the complement system, implying its potential involvement in the pathogenesis of MOGAD through mechanisms that extend beyond TCC formation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Earth Science Vol. 10 ( 2022-9-6)
    In: Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-9-6)
    Abstract: The potential ice core proxies of variability in oceanic and atmospheric conditions over the Ross Sea were evaluated. This study examined sea salt sodium (ss–Na + ) and biogenic sulfur (methanesulfonate, MS – ) records, covering 23 years between 1990 and 2012, from two firn cores drilled on the Styx Glacier plateau (SGP), northern Victoria Land, East Antarctica, to examine the potential links between those records and datasets for various climate variables. The comparison showed that the interannual variability of the ss–Na + record is closely related to Pacific–South American mode 2 (PSA2) in the Ross Sea sector, exhibiting an increased ss–Na + flux, owing most likely to more frequent penetration of maritime air masses from the western Ross Sea to the SGP when the winter/spring PSA2 mode becomes more pronounced. The observed MS – record revealed statistically significant positive correlations with the changes in the summertime chlorophyll a concentration in the Ross Sea polynya (RSP) and wind speed in the southern Ross Sea region. This indicates the dominant role of a combination of changes in the summertime primary productivity and wind speed over the RSP in modulating the MS – deposition flux at the SGP. These results highlight the suitability of the ss–Na + and MS – records from the SGP as proxies for characterizing the dominant patterns of variability in oceanic and atmospheric conditions and their underlying mechanisms on interannual and longer timescales beyond the instrumental limits over the Ross Sea region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-6463
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741235-0
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