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  • Frontiers Media SA  (61)
  • 1
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    DataSheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 11 ( 2021-11-16)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-11-16)
    Abstract: Most randomized trials for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have investigated highly selected patients under idealized conditions, and the findings need to be validated in the real world. We conducted a population-based study of all APL patients in Zhejiang Province, China, with a total population of 82 million people, to assess the generalization of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic as front-line treatment. The outcomes of APL patients were also analyzed. Between January 2015 and December 2019, 1,233 eligible patients were included in the final analysis. The rate of ATRA and arsenic as front-line treatment increased steadily from 66.2% in 2015 to 83.3% in 2019, with no difference among the size of the center (≥5 or & lt;5 patients per year, p = 0.12) or age (≥60 or & lt;60 years, p = 0.35). The early death (ED) rate, defined as death within 30 days after diagnosis, was 8.2%, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 87.9% in the whole patient population. Age (≥60 years) and white blood cell count ( & gt;10 × 10 9 /L) were independent risk factors for ED and OS in the multivariate analysis. This population-based study showed that ATRA and arsenic as front-line treatment are widely used under real-world conditions and yield a low ED rate and a high survival rate, which mimic the results from clinical trials, thereby supporting the wider application of APL guidelines in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.762653
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.762653.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 2
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    Epidemiology-based analysis of the risks and elimination strategies of the monkeypox outbreak in 2022
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Veterinary Science Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-30)
    Abstract: Human monkeypox, caused by monkeypox virus, has spread unprecedentedly to more than 100 countries since May 2022. Here we summarized the epidemiology of monkeypox through a literature review and elucidated the risks and elimination strategies of this outbreak mainly based on the summarized epidemiology. We demonstrated that monkeypox virus became more contagious and less virulent in 2022, which could result from the fact that the virus entered a special transmission network favoring close contacts (i.e., sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men outside Africa) and the possibility that the virus accumulated a few adaptive mutations. We gave the reasons to investigate whether cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs are susceptible to monkeypox virus and whether infection with monkeypox virus could be latent in some primates. We listed six potential scenarios for the future of the outbreak (e.g., the outbreak could lead to endemicity outside Africa with increased transmissibility or virulence). We also listed multiple factors aiding or impeding the elimination of the outbreak. We showed that the control measures strengthened worldwide after the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) could eliminate the outbreak in 2022. We clarified eight strategies, i.e., publicity and education, case isolation, vaccine stockpiling, risk-based vaccination or ring vaccination, importation quarantine, international collaboration, and laboratory management, for the elimination of the outbreak.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-1769
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1064766
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2834243-4
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  • 3
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    Data_Sheet_1.xlsx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-12)
    Abstract: Magnaporthe oryzae is the causative agent of rice blast, a devastating disease in rice worldwide. Based on the gene-for-gene paradigm, resistance (R) proteins can recognize their cognate avirulence (AVR) effectors to activate effector-triggered immunity. AVR genes have been demonstrated to evolve rapidly, leading to breakdown of the cognate resistance genes. Therefore, understanding the variation of AVR genes is essential to the deployment of resistant cultivars harboring the cognate R genes. In this study, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of eight known AVR genes, namely, AVR-Pita1, AVR-Pii, AVR-Pia, AVR-Pik, AVR-Pizt, AVR-Pi9, AVR-Pib , and AVR-Pi54 in a total of 383 isolates from 13 prefectures in the Sichuan Basin. We detected the presence of AVR-Pik, AVR-Pi54, AVR-Pizt, AVR-Pi9 , and AVR-Pib in the isolates of all the prefectures, but not AVR-Pita1, AVR-Pii , and AVR-Pia in at least seven prefectures, indicating loss of the three AVR s. We also detected insertions of Pot3, Mg-SINE, and indels in AVR-Pib , solo-LTR of Inago2 in AVR-Pizt , and gene duplications in AVR-Pik . Consistently, the isolates that did not harboring AVR-Pia were virulent to IRBLa-A, the monogenic line containing Pia , and the isolates with variants of AVR-Pib and AVR-Pizt were virulent to IRBLb-B and IRBLzt-t, the monogenic lines harboring Pib and Piz-t , respectively, indicating breakdown of resistance by the loss and variations of the avirulence genes. Therefore, the use of blast resistance genes should be alarmed by the loss and nature variations of avirulence genes in the blast fungal population in the Sichuan Basin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.788876
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.788876.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 4
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    Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Infecting Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), Yak (Bos grunniens), and Tibetan Sheep (Ovis aries) in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Area, China
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Veterinary Science Vol. 8 ( 2022-2-8)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2022-2-8)
    Abstract: The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Area (QTPA) has a complex natural ecosystem, causing a greatly increased risk of spreading various tick-borne diseases including rickettsial infections, which are regarded as one of the oldest known vector-borne zoonoses. However, the information of one of its pathogen, spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFG Rickettsia ), is limited in tick vectors and animals in this area. Therefore, this study focused on the investigation of SFG Rickettsia in tick vectors, yaks ( Bos grunniens ), and Tibetan sheep ( Ovis aries ) in the QTPA. A total of 1,000 samples were collected from nine sampling sites, including 425 of yaks, 309 of Tibetan sheep, 266 of ticks. By morphological examination, PCR, and sequencing, we confirmed the species of all collected ticks. All tick samples, all yak and Tibetan sheep blood samples were detected based on SFG Rickettsia ompA and sca4 gene. The results showed that all tick samples were identified to be Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis , and the positive rates of SFG Rickettsia were 5.9% (25/425), 0.3% (1/309), and 54.1% (144/266) in yaks, Tibetan sheep, and ticks, respectively. All positive samples were sequenced, and BLASTn analysis of the ompA gene sequences of SFG Rickettsia showed that all positive samples from animals and ticks had 99.04–100% identity with yak and horse isolates from Qinghai Province, China. BLASTn analysis of the sca4 gene sequences of SFG Rickettsia showed that all positive samples had 97.60–98.72% identity with tick isolates from Ukraine. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis showed that all the SFG Rickettsia ompA and sca4 sequences obtained from this study belong to the same clade as Rickettsia raoultii isolated from livestock and ticks from China and other countries. Molecularly, this study detected and characterized SFG Rickettsia both in the tick vectors and animals, suggesting that the relationship between SFG Rickettsia , tick species and animal hosts should be explored to understand their interrelationships, which provide a theoretical basis for preventing control of this pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-1769
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.779387
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2834243-4
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  • 5
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    Potential Blood DNA Methylation Biomarker Genes for Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Biopsy-Proven Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 9 ( 2022-3-31)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-3-31)
    Abstract: This pilot study aimed to identify potential blood DNA methylation (BDM) biomarker genes for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods We included a total of 16 NAFLD patients with significant (SLF, liver fibrosis stage ≥ 2) and 16 patients with non-significant liver fibrosis (NSLF, fibrosis stages 0–1). The association between BDM and liver fibrosis was analyzed. Genes were selected based on a stepwise-filtering with CpG islands containing significant differentially methylated probes. Results The two groups of patients were distinguishable through both t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis based on their BDM status. BDM levels were significantly higher in the NSLF group than in the SLF group. The methylation levels in the island and shelf regions were also significantly higher in the NSLF group, as well as the methylation levels in the first exon, 3′-untranslated region, body, ExonBnd, non-intergenic region, transcription start site (TSS)1500, and TSS200 regions (all p & lt; 0.05). BDM status was associated with greater histological liver fibrosis, but not with age, sex, or other histological features of NAFLD ( p & lt; 0.05). The methylation levels of the hypomethylated CpG island region of CISTR , IFT140 , and RGS14 genes were increased in the NSLF group compared to the SLF group (all p & lt; 0.05). Conclusion BDM may stratify NAFLD patients with significant and non-significant liver fibrosis. The CISTR , IFT140 , and RGS14 genes are potential novel candidate BDM biomarkers for liver fibrosis and these pilot data suggest further work on BDM biomarkers is warranted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.864570
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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  • 6
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    Table_1.XLSX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 12 ( 2021-8-6)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-8-6)
    Abstract: Ustilaginoidea virens is a biotrophic fungal pathogen specifically colonizing rice floral organ and causes false smut disease of rice. This disease has emerged as a serious problem that hinders the application of high-yield rice cultivars, by reducing grain yield and quality as well as introducing mycotoxins. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of U. virens are still enigmatic. Here we demonstrate that U. virens employs a secreted protein UvCBP1 to manipulate plant immunity. In planta expression of UvCBP1 led to compromised chitin-induced defense responses in Arabidopsis and rice, including burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), callose deposition, and expression of defense-related genes. In vitro -purified UvCBP1 protein competes with rice chitin receptor OsCEBiP to bind to free chitin, thus impairing chitin-triggered rice immunity. Moreover, UvCBP1 could significantly promote infection of U. virens in rice flowers. Our results uncover a mechanism of a floral fungus suppressing plant immunity and pinpoint a universal role of chitin-battlefield during plant–fungi interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733245
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733245.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733245.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733245.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733245.s004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 7
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    DataSheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 12 ( 2021-6-10)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-6-10)
    Abstract: Targeting immune checkpoints for HIV treatment potentially provides a double benefit resulting from the ability to restore viral-specific CD8 + T-cell functions and enhance HIV production from reservoir cells. Despite promising pre-clinical data, PD-1 blockade alone in HIV-1-infected patients with advanced cancer has shown limited benefits in controlling HIV, suggesting the need for additional targets beyond PD-1. CD39 and PD-1 are highly co-expressed on CD8 + T cells in HIV-1 infection. However, the characteristics of CD39 and PD-1 dual-positive CD8 + T-cell subsets in chronic HIV-1 infection remain poorly understood. Methods This study enrolled 72 HIV-1-infected patients, including 40 treatment naïve and 32 ART patients. A total of 11 healthy individuals were included as controls. Different subsets of CD8 + T cells defined by CD39 and/or PD-1 expression were studied by flow cytometry. The relationships between the frequencies of the different subsets and parameters indicating HIV-1 disease progression were analyzed. Functional (i.e., cytokine secretion, viral inhibition) assays were performed to evaluate the impact of the blockade of adenosine and/or PD-1 signaling on CD8 + T cells. Results The proportions of PD-1 + , CD39 + , and PD-1 + CD39 + CD8 + T cells were significantly increased in treatment naïve patients but were partially lowered in patients on antiretroviral therapy. In treatment naïve patients, the proportions of PD-1 + CD39 + CD8 + T cells were negatively correlated with CD4 + T-cell counts and the CD4/CD8 ratio, and were positively correlated with viral load. CD39 + CD8 + T cells expressed high levels of the A2A adenosine receptor and were more sensitive to 2-chloroadenosine-mediated functional inhibition than their CD39 - counterparts. In vitro , a combination of blocking CD39/adenosine and PD-1 signaling showed a synergic effect in restoring CD8 + T-cell function, as evidenced by enhanced abilities to secrete functional cytokines and to kill autologous reservoir cells. Conclusion In patients with chronic HIV-1 infection there are increased frequencies of PD-1 + , CD39 + , and PD-1 + CD39 + CD8 + T cells. In treatment naïve patients, the frequencies of PD-1 + CD39 + CD8 + T cells are negatively correlated with CD4 + T-cell counts and the CD4/CD8 ratio and positively correlated with viral load. Combined blockade of CD39/adenosine and PD-1 signaling in vitro may exert a synergistic effect in restoring CD8 + T-cell function in HIV-1-infected patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687296
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687296.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 8
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    Silencing of NAC1 Expression Induces Cancer Cells Oxidative Stress in Hypoxia and Potentiates the Therapeutic Activity of Elesclomol
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2017
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 8 ( 2017-11-07)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2017-11-07)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00804
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
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    DataSheet_4.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-26)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-26)
    Abstract: Recent studies highlighted that CD8+ T cells are necessary for restraining reservoir in HIV-1-infected individuals who undergo antiretroviral therapy (ART), whereas the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we enrolled 60 virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected individuals, to assess the correlations of the effector molecules and phenotypic subsets of CD8+ T cells with HIV-1 DNA and cell-associated unspliced RNA (CA usRNA). We found that the levels of HIV-1 DNA and usRNA correlated positively with the percentage of CCL4+CCL5- CD8+ central memory cells (T CM ) while negatively with CCL4-CCL5+ CD8+ terminally differentiated effector memory cells (T EMRA ). Moreover, a virtual memory CD8+ T cell (T VM ) subset was enriched in CCL4-CCL5+ T EMRA cells and phenotypically distinctive from CCL4+ T CM subset, supported by single-cell RNA-Seq data. Specifically, T VM cells showed superior cytotoxicity potentially driven by T-bet and RUNX3, while CCL4+ T CM subset displayed a suppressive phenotype dominated by JUNB and CREM. In viral inhibition assays, T VM cells inhibited HIV-1 reactivation more effectively than non-T VM CD8+ T cells, which was dependent on CCL5 secretion. Our study highlights CCL5-secreting T VM cells subset as a potential determinant of HIV-1 reservoir size. This might be helpful to design CD8+ T cell-based therapeutic strategies for cure of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897569
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897569.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897569.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897569.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897569.s004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 10
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    Image_4.tif
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 12 ( 2021-8-18)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-8-18)
    Abstract: Neutrophils are characterized by their heterogeneity. They fight against pathogens and are involved in tissue injury repair and immune system regulation. Neutrophils have an extremely short life span in the peripheral blood and undergo aging after being released from the bone marrow. The over-aggregation of aged neutrophils is associated with phenotypical and functional changes. Here, we aimed to investigate the dynamics of neutrophil aging and its relationship with T cell exhaustion in HIV-1 infection, as they are not well understood. In this study, we enrolled 23 treatment naïve (TN) patients, 23 individuals that had received antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 21 healthy controls (HC). In these cohorts, we measured the degree of neutrophil aging, and its possible correlation with T cell dysfunction. In TN patients, peripheral neutrophils showed a more distinct aging phenotype and were over-activated compared to those in ART-treated patients. The degree of neutrophil aging was positively correlated with HIV-1 RNA viral load and negatively correlated with CD4+ T cell count. Moreover, aged neutrophils had impaired reactive oxygen species (ROS) production after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, and were characterized by increased PD-L1 and arginase-1 expression in a time-dependent manner. Aged neutrophils demonstrated an increased inhibition of IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion by CD8+ T cell compared to non-aged neutrophils. The inhibition effect could be partially reversed by blocking PD-L1 and arginase-1 in vitro , and LPS was identified as an important activator of neutrophil aging. These results provide evidence that dampening neutrophil aging may provide a novel approach to recover T cell dysfunction in patients with HIV-1 infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670616
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670616.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670616.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670616.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670616.s004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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