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  • Frontiers Media SA  (45)
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  • Frontiers Media SA  (45)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Self-chaotic microlasers for random bit generation
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Photonics Vol. 4 ( 2023-2-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Photonics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2023-2-24)
    Abstract: Semiconductor lasers with optical feedback can produce plentiful non-linear dynamics, including periodic and chaotic oscillations, which are usually applied to microwave signals and physical random number generation, respectively. Chaotic semiconductor lasers are especially successful in generating random numbers compared with pseudorandom numbers generated by a computing process. We report a self-chaotic microlaser based on the internal mode interaction of nearly degenerate modes. A special resonator is designed and demonstrated with the two modes’ frequency intervals on the order of GHz. These modes with strong mode beating result in chaos, and physical random bits are obtained from the laser output power at 10 Gb/s. Our proposals provide a novel scheme to generate laser chaos for high-speed random number generation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-6853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphot.2023.1138125
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112910-9
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  • 2
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    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 16 ( 2022-7-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 16 ( 2022-7-13)
    Abstract: The long-term outcomes of acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) in anterior circulation treated by endovascular treatment (EVT) remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to assess the 5-year outcomes of patients with LVO who underwent EVT. Methods This study was an observational, nationwide registry of consecutive patients with acute LVO who received EVT in 28 comprehensive stroke centers in China. The primary outcome was the proportion of favorable outcome [modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) 0–2] at 5 years. Secondary outcomes included proportions of patients with excellent outcome (mRS 0–1), all-cause mortality and risk of stroke recurrence at 5 years. Results A total of 807 patients were included into the study and had 90-day follow-up data, 657 patients had 5-year follow-up data. At 90 days, 218 patients (27.0%) had an excellent outcome, 349 patients (43.2%) had a favorable functional outcome. 199 patients (24.7%) died. At 5 years, 190 patients (28.9%) had an excellent outcome, 261 patients (39.7%) had a favorable functional outcome, 317 patients (48.2%) died and 129 (28.2%) had stroke recurrence. Because of missing 5-year follow-up data, among available 269 patients who achieved functional independence at 90 days, 208 (77.3%) maintained favorable outcome, 19 (7.1%) had disability (mRS 3–5) and 42 (15.6%) died at 5 years. Furthermore, among available 189 patients with mRS 3–5 at 90 days, 53 (28.0%) patients achieved favorable functional outcome, 60 (31.7%) patients maintained unfavorable functional outcome and 76 (40.2%) patients died within 5 years. Multivariate analyses identified that younger age [odds ratio (OR): 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93–0.99; P = 0.009], lower mRS at 90 days (OR: 0.15; 95% CI, 0.10–0.23; P & lt; 0.001) and absence of stroke recurrence (OR: 0.001; 95% CI, 0.000–0.006; P & lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with favorable outcome at 5 years. Advanced age (OR: 1.06, 95% CI, 1.04–1.08; P & lt; 0.001), higher mRS at 90 days (OR: 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73–0.98; P = 0.021) and atrial fibrillation (OR: 1.63; 95% CI, 1.02–2.60; P = 0.04) were independent factors for stroke recurrence. Conclusion Our results indicated that the beneficial effect of EVT in patients with acute LVO can be sustained during the course of at least 5 years. Reducing the risk of stroke recurrence by anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation may be a crucial strategy to improve long-term outcome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.920731
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.920731.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.920731.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.920731.s003
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 3
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    Table_1.xlsx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-24)
    Abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common and lethal malignant tumors. We aimed to investigate the HNSCC cell differentiation trajectories and the corresponding clinical relevance. Methods Based on HNSCC cell differentiation-related genes (HDRGs) identified by single-cell sequencing analysis, the molecular subtypes and corresponding immunity, metabolism, and stemness characteristics of 866 HNSCC cases were comprehensively analyzed. Machine-learning strategies were used to develop a HNSCC cell differentiation score (HCDscore) in order to quantify the unique heterogeneity of individual samples. We also assessed the prognostic value and biological characteristics of HCDscore using the multi-omics data. Results HNSCCs were stratified into three distinct molecular subtypes based on HDRGs: active stroma (Cluster-A), active metabolism (Cluster-B), and active immune (Cluster-C) types. The three molecular subtypes had different characteristics in terms of biological phenotype, genome and epigenetics, prognosis, immunotherapy and chemotherapy responses. We then demonstrated the correlations between HCDscore and the immune microenvironment, subtypes, carcinogenic biological processes, genetic variation, and prognosis. The low-HCDscore group was characterized by activation of immunity, enhanced response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy, and better survival compared to the high-HCDscore group. Finally, by integrating the HCDscore with prognostic clinicopathological characteristics, a nomogram with strong predictive performance and high accuracy was constructed. Conclusions This study revealed that the cell differentiation trajectories in HNSCC played a nonnegligible role in patient prognosis, biological characteristics, and immune responses. Evaluating cancer cell differentiation will help to develop more effective immunotherapy, metabolic therapy, and chemotherapy strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791621
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791621.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791621.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791621.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791621.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791621.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791621.s006
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 4
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    DataSheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Vol. 12 ( 2022-3-15)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-3-15)
    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a serious emerging global health problem, and little is known about the role of oropharynx commensal microbes in infection susceptibility and severity. Here, we present the oropharyngeal microbiota characteristics identified by full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing through the NANOPORE platform of oropharynx swab specimens from 10 mild COVID-19 patients and 10 healthy controls. Our results revealed a distinct oropharyngeal microbiota composition in mild COVID-19 patients, characterized by enrichment of opportunistic pathogens such as Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Pseudomonas stutzeri and depletion of Sphingomonas yabuuchiae , Agrobacterium sullae , and Pseudomonas veronii . Based on the relative abundance of the oropharyngeal microbiota at the species level, we built a microbial classifier to distinguish COVID-19 patients from healthy controls, in which P. veronii , Pseudomonas fragi , and S. yabuuchiae were identified as the most prominent signatures for their depletion in the COVID-19 group. Several members of the genus Campylobacter , especially Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter rectus , which were highly enriched in COVID-19 patients with higher severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and showed a significant correlation with disease status and several routine clinical blood indicators, indicate that several bacteria may transform into opportunistic pathogen in COVID-19 patients when facing the challenges of viral infection. We also found the diver taxa Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus alactolyticus in the network of disease patients, suggesting that these oropharynx microbiota alterations may impact COVID-19 severity by influencing the microbial association patterns. In conclusion, the low sample size of SARS-CoV-2 infection patients (n = 10) here makes these results tentative; however, we have provided the overall characterization that oropharyngeal microbiota alterations and microbial correlation patterns were associated with COVID-19 severity in Anhui Province.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-2988
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.824578
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.824578.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2619676-1
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  • 5
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    In-Bed Sensorimotor Rehabilitation in Early and Late Subacute Stroke Using a Wearable Elbow Robot: A Pilot Study
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2021-5-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2021-5-24)
    Abstract: Objects : To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of in-bed wearable elbow robot training for motor recovery in patients with early and late subacute stroke. Methods : Eleven in-patient stroke survivors (male/female: 7/4, age: 50.7 ± 10.6 years, post-stroke duration: 2.6 ± 1.9 months) received 15 sessions of training over about 4 weeks of hospital stay. During each hourly training, participants received passive stretching and active movement training with motivating games using a wearable elbow rehabilitation robot. Isometric maximum muscle strength (MVC) of elbow flexors and extensors was evaluated using the robot at the beginning and end of each training session. Clinical measures including Fugl-Meyer Assessment of upper extremity (FMA-UE), Motricity Index (MI) for upper extremities, Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) were measured at baseline, after the 4-week training program, and at a 1-month follow-up. The muscle strength recovery curve over the training period was characterized as a logarithmic learning curve with three parameters (i.e., initial muscle strength, rate of improvement, and number of the training session). Results : At the baseline, participants had moderate to severe upper limb motor impairment {FMA-UE [median (interquartile range)]: 28 (18–45)} and mild spasticity in elbow flexors {MAS [median (interquartile range)] : 0 (0–1)}. After about 4 weeks of training, significant improvements were observed in FMA-UE ( p = 0.003) and MI ( p = 0.005), and the improvements were sustained at the follow-up. The elbow flexors MVC significantly increased by 1.93 Nm (95% CI: 0.93 to 2.93 Nm, p = 0.017) and the elbow extensor MVC increased by 0.68 Nm (95% CI: 0.05 to 1.98 Nm, p = 0.036). Muscle strength recovery curve showed that patients with severe upper limb motor impairment had a greater improvement rate in elbow flexor strength than those with moderate motor impairment. Conclusion : In-bed wearable elbow robotic rehabilitation is feasible and effective in improving biomechanical and clinical outcomes for early and late subacute stroke in-patients. Results from the pilot study suggested that patients with severe upper limb motor impairment may benefit more from the robot training compared to those with moderate impairment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5161
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.669059
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2425477-0
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  • 6
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    Melatonin Promotes Cheliped Regeneration, Digestive Enzyme Function, and Immunity Following Autotomy in the Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir sinensis
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2018
    In:  Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 9 ( 2018-3-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Physiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2018-3-22)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-042X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00269
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564217-0
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  • 7
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    Image_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2024
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 18 ( 2024-4-23)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 18 ( 2024-4-23)
    Abstract: Probucol has been utilized as a cholesterol-lowering drug with antioxidative properties. However, the impact and fundamental mechanisms of probucol in obesity-related cognitive decline are unclear. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were allocated to a normal chow diet (NCD) group or a high-fat diet (HFD) group, followed by administration of probucol to half of the mice on the HFD regimen. Subsequently, the mice were subjected to a series of behavioral assessments, alongside the measurement of metabolic and redox parameters. Notably, probucol treatment effectively alleviates cognitive and social impairments induced by HFD in mice, while exhibiting no discernible influence on mood-related behaviors. Notably, the beneficial effects of probucol arise independently of rectifying obesity or restoring systemic glucose and lipid homeostasis, as evidenced by the lack of changes in body weight, serum cholesterol levels, blood glucose, hyperinsulinemia, systemic insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Instead, probucol could regulate the levels of nitric oxide and superoxide-generating proteins, and it could specifically alleviate HFD-induced hippocampal insulin resistance. These findings shed light on the potential role of probucol in modulating obesity-related cognitive decline and urge reevaluation of the underlying mechanisms by which probucol exerts its beneficial effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1368552
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1368552.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1368552.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 8
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    Video_6.MP4
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 16 ( 2022-4-18)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 16 ( 2022-4-18)
    Abstract: In response to external threatening signals, animals evolve a series of defensive behaviors that depend on heightened arousal. It is believed that arousal and defensive behaviors are coordinately regulated by specific neurocircuits in the central nervous system. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a key structure located in the ventral midbrain of mice. The activity of VTA glutamatergic neurons has recently been shown to be closely related to sleep–wake behavior. However, the specific role of VTA glutamatergic neurons in sleep–wake regulation, associated physiological functions, and underlying neural circuits remain unclear. In the current study, using an optogenetic approach and synchronous polysomnographic recording, we demonstrated that selective activation of VTA glutamatergic neurons induced immediate transition from sleep to wakefulness and obviously increased the amount of wakefulness in mice. Furthermore, optogenetic activation of VTA glutamatergic neurons induced multiple defensive behaviors, including burrowing, fleeing, avoidance and hiding. Finally, viral-mediated anterograde activation revealed that projections from the VTA to the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) mediated the wake- and defense-promoting effects of VTA glutamatergic neurons. Collectively, our results illustrate that the glutamatergic VTA is a key neural substrate regulating wakefulness and defensive behaviors that controls these behaviors through its projection into the CeA. We further discuss the possibility that the glutamatergic VTA-CeA pathway may be involved in psychiatric diseases featuring with excessive defense.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.850193.s008
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 9
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    Image_1.TIF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2018
    In:  Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Vol. 11 ( 2018-1-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2018-1-22)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5102
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00425
    DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00425.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2452963-1
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  • 10
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    DataSheet1.ZIP
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-8-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-8-24)
    Abstract: In this study, three acidic polysaccharides from different plant parts of Codonopsis pilosula var. Modesta (Nannf.) L. T. Shen were obtained by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography, and the yields of these three polysaccharides were different. According to the preliminary experimental results, the antioxidant activities of the polysaccharides from rhizomes and fibrous roots (CLFP-1) were poor, and was thus not studied further. Due to this the structural features of polysaccharides from roots (CLRP-1) and aerial parts (CLSP-1) were the object for this study and were structurally characterized, and their antioxidant activities were evaluated. As revealed by the results, the molecular weight of CLRP-1and CLSP-1 were 15.9 kDa and 26.4 kDa, respectively. The monosaccharide composition of CLRP-1 was Ara , Rha, Fuc, Xyl, Man, Gal, GlcA, GalA in a ratio of 3.8: 8.4: 1.0: 0.8: 2.4: 7.4: 7.5: 2.0: 66.7, and Ara , Rha, Gal, GalA in a ratio of 5.8: 8.9: 8.0: 77.0 in for CLSP-1. The results of structural elucidation indicated that both CLRP-1 and CLSP-1 were pectic polysaccharides, mainly composed of 1, 4-linked galacturonic acid with long homogalacturonan regions. Arabinogalactan type I and arabinogalactan type II were presented as side chains. The antioxidant assay in IPEC-J2 cells showed that both CLRP-1 and CLSP-1 promoted cell viability and antioxidant activity, which significantly increase the level of total antioxidant capacity and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and decrease the content of malondialdehyde. Moreover, CLRP-1 and CLSP-1 also showed powerful antioxidant abilities in Caenorhabditis elegans and might regulate the nuclear localization of DAF-16 transcription factor, induced antioxidant enzymes activities, and further reduced reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde contents to increase the antioxidant ability of Caenorhabditis elegans . Thus, these finding suggest that CLRP-1 and CLSP-1 could be used as potential antioxidants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937581
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937581.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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