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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Video_1.MOV
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Climate Vol. 4 ( 2022-4-4)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Climate, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2022-4-4)
    Abstract: The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a crucial element of the Earth climate. It is a complex circulation system difficult to monitor and to model. There is considerable debate regarding its evolution over the last century as well as large uncertainty about its fate at the end of this century. We depict here the progress since the IPCC SROCC report, offering an update of its chapter 6.7. We also show new results from a high-resolution ocean model and a CMIP6 model to investigate the impact of Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) melting, a key uncertainty for past and future AMOC changes. The ocean-only simulation at 1/24° resolution in the Arctic-North Atlantic Ocean performed over the period 2004–2016 indicates that the spread of the Greenland freshwater runoff toward the center of the Labrador Sea, where oceanic convection occurs, seems larger in this model than in a CMIP6 model. Potential explanations are related to the model spatial resolution and the representation of mesoscale processes, which more realistically transport the freshwater released around the shelves and, through eddies, provides strong lateral exchanges between the fine-scale boundary current and the convective basin in the Labrador Sea. The larger freshening of the Labrador Sea in the high-resolution model then strongly affects deep convection activity. In the simulation including GrIS melting, the AMOC weakens by about 2 Sv after only 13 years, far more strongly than what is found in the CMIP6 model. This difference raises serious concerns on the ability of CMIP6 models to correctly assess the potential impact of GrIS melting on the AMOC changes over the last few decades as well as on its future fate. To gain confidence in the GrIS freshwater impacts on climate simulations and therefore in AMOC projections, urgent progress should be made on the parameterization of mesoscale processes in ocean models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2624-9553
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2022.838310
    DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2022.838310.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2022.838310.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2986708-3
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2024
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 14 ( 2024-1-8)
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    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2024-1-8)
    Abstract: This study aimed to provide an updated analysis of the different prognostic trajectories of patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibodies. Methods Among a cohort of 70 patients, baseline characteristics and phenotypes, treatments and outcomes were analyzed. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors associated with poor outcomes, i.e., death or progressive disease at the last follow-up. Results Among the 70 patients, 45 were women, and 54 were Caucasian. A dermatologic involvement was observed in 58 (83%) patients, including 40 with MDA5 vasculopathy-related skin lesions. Muscular involvement was observed in 39 (56%) patients. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) was observed at baseline in 52 (74%) patients, including 23 (44%) who developed rapidly progressive (RP) ILD. Seven (10%) patients showed thromboembolic complications within the first weeks of diagnosis, and eight (11%) other patients developed a malignancy (4 before the diagnosis of anti-MDA5 disease). Poor outcomes were observed in 28 (40%) patients, including 13 (19%) deaths. Among the 23 patients with RP-ILD, 19 (79%) showed poor outcomes, including 12 (63%) who died. In multivariate analyses, RP-ILD (hazard ratio (HR), 95% CI: 8.24 [3.21–22] , p & lt;0.0001), the occurrence of thromboembolic events (HR: 5.22 [1.61–14.77], p=0.008) and the presence of any malignancy (HR: 19.73 [6.67–60] , p & lt;0.0001) were the three factors independently associated with poor outcomes. Discussion This new independent cohort confirms the presence of different clinical phenotypes of anti-MDA5 diseases at baseline and the poor prognosis associated with RP-ILD. Thromboembolic events and malignancies were also identified as prognostic factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1319957
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1319957.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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