GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neuropathology of Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Forensic Setting: Novel Application of Ex Vivo Imaging in Analysis of Brain Microvasculature
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-24)
    Abstract: Two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, there are few published accounts of postmortem SARS-CoV-2 pathology in children. We report 8 such cases (4 infants aged 7–36 weeks, 4 children aged 5–15 years). Four underwent ex vivo magnetic resonance neuroimaging, to assist in identification of subtle lesions related to vascular compromise. All infants were found unresponsive (3 in unsafe sleeping conditions); all but 1 had recent rhinitis and/or influenza-like illness (ILI) in the family; 1 had history of sickle cell disease. Ex vivo neuroimaging in 1 case revealed white matter (WM) signal hyperintensity and diffuse exaggeration of perivascular spaces, corresponding microscopically to WM mineralization. Neurohistology in the remaining 3 infants variably encompassed WM gliosis and mineralization; brainstem gliosis; perivascular vacuolization; perivascular lymphocytes and brainstem microglia. One had ectopic hippocampal neurons (with pathogenic variant in DEPDC5 ). Among the children, 3 had underlying conditions (e.g., obesity, metabolic disease, autism) and all presented with ILI. Three had laboratory testing suggesting multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). Two were hospitalized for critical care including mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); one (co-infected with adenovirus) developed right carotid stroke ipsilateral to the ECMO cannula and the other required surgery for an ingested foreign body. Autopsy findings included: acute lung injury in 3 (1 with microthrombi); and one each with diabetic ketoacidosis and cardiac hypertrophy; coronary and cerebral arteritis and aortitis, resembling Kawasaki disease; and neuronal storage and enlarged fatty liver. All 4 children had subtle meningoencephalitis, focally involving the brainstem. On ex vivo neuroimaging, 1 had focal pontine susceptibility with corresponding perivascular inflammation/expanded perivascular spaces on histopathology. Results suggest SARS-CoV-2 in infants may present as sudden unexpected infant death, while in older children, signs and symptoms point to severe disease. Underlying conditions may predispose to fatal outcomes. As in adults, the neuropathologic changes may be subtle, with vascular changes such as perivascular vacuolization and gliosis alongside sparse perivascular lymphocytes. Detection of subtle vascular pathology is enhanced by ex vivo neuroimaging. Additional analysis of the peripheral/autonomic nervous system and investigation of co-infection in children with COVID-19 is necessary to understand risk for cardiovascular collapse/sudden death.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.894565
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_9.XLSX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2023-5-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2023-5-22)
    Abstract: Aging-related cognitive decline is associated with brain structural changes and synaptic loss. However, the molecular mechanisms of cognitive decline during normal aging remain elusive. Results Using the GTEx transcriptomic data from 13 brain regions, we identified aging-associated molecular alterations and cell-type compositions in males and females. We further constructed gene co-expression networks and identified aging-associated modules and key regulators shared by both sexes or specific to males or females. A few brain regions such as the hippocampus and the hypothalamus show specific vulnerability in males, while the cerebellar hemisphere and the anterior cingulate cortex regions manifest greater vulnerability in females than in males. Immune response genes are positively correlated with age, whereas those involved in neurogenesis are negatively correlated with age. Aging-associated genes identified in the hippocampus and the frontal cortex are significantly enriched for gene signatures implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. In the hippocampus, a male-specific co-expression module is driven by key synaptic signaling regulators including VSNL1 , INA , CHN1 and KCNH1 ; while in the cortex, a female-specific module is associated with neuron projection morphogenesis, which is driven by key regulators including SRPK2 , REPS2 and FXYD1 . In the cerebellar hemisphere, a myelination-associated module shared by males and females is driven by key regulators such as MOG , ENPP2 , MYRF , ANLN , MAG and PLP1 , which have been implicated in the development of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusions This integrative network biology study systematically identifies molecular signatures and networks underlying brain regional vulnerability to aging in males and females. The findings pave the way for understanding the molecular mechanisms of gender differences in developing neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-4365
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s008
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1153251.s009
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2558898-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...