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  • Frontiers Media SA  (13)
  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Higher Hospitalization Rate for Lower Airway Infection in Transfusion-Naïve Thalassemia Children
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Pediatrics Vol. 8 ( 2020-11-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pediatrics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2020-11-24)
    Abstract: Few studies have addressed the risk of infection in transfusion-naïve thalassemia patients. We aimed to investigate whether transfusion-naïve thalassemia population has higher hospitalization rates for lower airway infection-related diseases than non-thalassemia population in children. A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using detailed medical records of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Transfusion-naïve thalassemia patients were compared with a matched cohort at a ratio of 1:4. Data of the selected patients were adjusted for age, sex, and related comorbidities. We recorded the frequency of admissions or outpatient clinic visits for patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia or acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis. Based on our results, the hospitalization rates and incidence rate ratios of bronchitis/bronchiolitis and pneumonia for transfusion-naïve thalassemia children were all higher than those for non-thalassemia controls. Therefore, we conclude that transfusion-naïve thalassemia children are more likely to experience lower airway infections and have a higher probability of hospitalization for these conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.574014
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711999-3
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  • 2
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    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 12 ( 2022-1-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-1-17)
    Abstract: Objective: Lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are associated with increased intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) risk. However, reverse causality and residual confounding has not attracted public attention. Therefore, we assessed whether people with LDL-C have increased risk of mortality adjusting for potential confounders using two large Taiwan cohorts. Methods: The Mei-Jhao (MJ) cohort has 414,372 adults participating in a medical screening program with 378 ICH deaths within 15 years of follow-up (1994–2008). Cox proportional hazards regressions estimated hazard death ratios according to LDL-C levels. We identified 4,606 ICH patients from the Taiwan Stroke Registry (TSR) and analyzed the impact of LDL-C on 3-month mortality. Results: Low cholesterol (LDL-C & lt;100 mg/dL), found in 1/4 of the MJ cohort, was highly prevalent (36%) among young adults (age 20–39). There was a graded relationship between cholesterol and mortality for ICH [Hazard ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–2.16]. Compared with patients with an LDL-C of 110–129 mg/dL in TSR, the risk for mortality was 1.84 (95% CI, 1.28–2.63) with an LDL-C of & lt;100 mg/dL. Conclusion: Lower serum LDL-C level independently predicts higher mortality after acute ICH. While its causative role may vary, low cholesterol may pose potential harms in Taiwan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.793471
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.793471.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 3
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    DataSheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-4)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-4)
    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging virus responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 binds to the human cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) through its receptor-binding domain in the S1 subunit of the spike protein (S1-RBD). The serum levels of autoantibodies against ACE2 are significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls and are associated with disease severity. However, the mechanisms through which these anti-ACE2 antibodies are induced during SARS-CoV-2 infection are unclear. In this study, we confirmed the increase in antibodies against ACE2 in patients with COVID-19 and found a positive correlation between the amounts of antibodies against ACE2 and S1-RBD. Moreover, antibody binding to ACE2 was significantly decreased in the sera of some COVID-19 patients after preadsorption of the sera with S1-RBD, which indicated that antibodies against S1-RBD can cross-react with ACE2. To confirm this possibility, two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs 127 and 150) which could bind to both S1-RBD and ACE2 were isolated from S1-RBD-immunized mice. Measurement of the binding affinities by Biacore showed these two mAbs bind to ACE2 much weaker than binding to S1-RBD. Epitope mapping using synthetic overlapping peptides and hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) revealed that the amino acid residues P463, F464, E465, R466, D467 and E471 of S1-RBD are critical for the recognition by mAbs 127 and 150. In addition, Western blotting analysis showed that these mAbs could recognize ACE2 only in native but not denatured form, indicating the ACE2 epitopes recognized by these mAbs were conformation-dependent. The protein–protein interaction between ACE2 and the higher affinity mAb 127 was analyzed by HDX-MS and visualized by negative-stain transmission electron microscopy imaging combined with antigen-antibody docking. Together, our results suggest that ACE2-cross-reactive anti-S1-RBD antibodies can be induced during SARS-CoV-2 infection due to potential antigenic cross-reactivity between S1-RBD and its receptor ACE2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868724
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868724.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 4
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    Predictive Factors of Cerebral Aneurysm Rerupture After Clipping
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-16)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-16)
    Abstract: We aimed to estimate the risk of rerupture after first-time aneurysmal clipping surgery, explore the possible related factors, and assess long-term physical functionality. We hypothesized that the modified Rankin scale (mRS) could serve as an effective substitute for Hunter and Hess scale. Methods This retrospective study included 171 patients with cerebral aneurysmal rupture who had completed aneurysmal clipping treatment and collected their demographic data and medical records. The outcome assessments include neuroimaging records, Hunter and Hess scale, and the mRS scale during hospitalization and follow-up after discharge. The mean length of follow-up was 4.28 years. Results After aneurysmal clipping treatment, 83 patients (48.5%) had subsequently ruptured aneurysms. The scores of the reruptured group on the Hunt and Hess scale and mRS were significantly higher than those of the non-reruptured group. Multiple Cox proportional-hazards regression also showed that postoperative mRS & gt;2, smoking, and two or more aneurysms were potentially important risk factors leading to aneurysm rupture again [the corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) were 5.209, 2.109, and 2.775, respectively] in patients. In addition, the location of an aneurysm on the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) or the posterior communicating (Pcom) artery had a higher risk of rerupture (the corresponding HRs were 1.996 and 2.934, respectively). Conclusions Nearly half of the collected participants experienced the rerupture episode, who had undergone the second-time clipping surgery. Smoking and multiple aneurysms are potential risk factors for aneurysmal rerupture. Most aneurysms are located along the ICA, but aneurysms located at the ACA or Pcom site are most likely to rerupture. As compared with the Hunter and Hess scale, the mRS scale does not have inferior predicting power in following patients' long-term functionalities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.789216
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 5
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-1)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-9-1)
    Abstract: Objective: Stroke in young adults is uncommon, and the etiologies and risk factors of stroke in young adults differ from those in older populations. Smoker's paradox is an unexpected favorable outcome, and age difference is used to explain the association between smoking and the favorable functional outcome. This study aimed to investigate the existence of this phenomenon in young stroke patients. Methods: We analyzed a total of 9,087 young stroke cases registered in the nationwide stroke registry system of Taiwan between 2006 and 2016. Smoking criteria included having a current history of smoking more than one cigarette per day for more than 6 months. After matching for sex and age, a Cox model was used to compare mortality and function outcomes between smokers and non-smokers. Results: Compared with the non-smoker group, smoking was associated with older age, higher comorbidities, and higher alcohol consumption. Patients who report smoking with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores of 11–15 had a worse functional outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.76 – 0.87). Conclusion: Smokers had a higher risk of unfavorable functional outcomes at 3 months after stroke, and therefore, we continue to strongly advocate the importance of smoking cessation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.658582
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.658582.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 6
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    Deep learning to infer visual acuity from optical coherence tomography in diabetic macular edema
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 9 ( 2022-10-6)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-10-6)
    Abstract: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Physicians rely on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and baseline visual acuity (VA) to tailor therapeutic regimen. However, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from chart-based examinations may not wholly reflect DME status. Chart-based examinations are subjected findings dependent on the patient’s recognition functions and are often confounded by concurrent corneal, lens, retinal, optic nerve, or extraocular disorders. The ability to infer VA from objective optical coherence tomography (OCT) images provides the predicted VA from objective macular structures directly and a better understanding of diabetic macular health. Deviations from chart-based and artificial intelligence (AI) image-based VA will prompt physicians to assess other ocular abnormalities affecting the patients VA and whether pursuing anti-VEGF treatment will likely yield increment in VA. Materials and methods We enrolled a retrospective cohort of 251 DME patients from Big Data Center (BDC) of Taipei Veteran General Hospital (TVGH) from February 2011 and August 2019. A total of 3,920 OCT images, labeled as “visually impaired” or “adequate” according to baseline VA, were grouped into training (2,826), validation (779), and testing cohort (315). We applied confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the performance. Results We developed an OCT-based convolutional neuronal network (CNN) model that could classify two VA classes by the threshold of 0.50 (decimal notation) with an accuracy of 75.9%, a sensitivity of 78.9%, and an area under the ROC curve of 80.1% on the testing cohort. Conclusion This study demonstrated the feasibility of inferring VA from routine objective retinal images. Translational relevance Serves as a pilot study to encourage further use of deep learning in deriving functional outcomes and secondary surrogate endpoints for retinal diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1008950
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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  • 7
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    Oncologic impact of delay between diagnosis and radical nephroureterectomy
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 12 ( 2022-12-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-12-14)
    Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the oncological outcome of delayed surgical wait time from the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Methods In this multicenter retrospective study, medical records were collected between 1988 and 2021 from 18 participating Taiwanese hospitals under the Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group. Patients were dichotomized into the early (≤90 days) and late ( & gt;90 days) surgical wait-time groups. Overall survival, disease-free survival, and bladder recurrence-free survival were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed using stepwise linear regression. Results Of the 1251 patients, 1181 (94.4%) were classifed into the early surgical wait-time group and 70 (5.6%) into the late surgical wait-time group. The median surgical wait time was 21 days, and the median follow-up was 59.5 months. Our study showed delay-time more than 90 days appeared to be associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 1.974, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.166−3.343, p = 0.011), and disease-free survival (HR 1.997, 95% CI 1.137−3.507, p = 0.016). This remained as an independent prognostic factor after other confounding factors were adjusted. Age, ECOG performance status, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), surgical margin, tumor location and adjuvant systemic therapy were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. Tumor location and adjuvant systemic therapy were also independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Conclusions For patients with UTUC undergoing RNU, the surgical wait time should be minimized to less than 90 days. Prolonged delay times may be associated with poor overall and disease-free survival.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1025668
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 8
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    DataSheet1.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-21)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-21)
    Abstract: Introduction: Fluoroquinolone exposure is reportedly associated with a higher risk of tendon disorders, tendonitis, or tendon rupture. However, studies in East Asian populations have not confirmed these risks in patients with comorbidities or concomitant medication use. This cohort study was designed to investigate the associations among fluoroquinolone exposure, comorbidities, medication use, and tendon disorders in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: This population-based, nationwide, observational, cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Research database in Taiwan, a nationwide claims database that covers more than 99% of the Taiwanese population. The study period was from January 2000 to December 2015, and the median follow-up time was 11.05 ± 10.91 years. Patients who were exposed to fluoroquinolones for more than three consecutive days were enrolled, and patients without fluoroquinolone exposure who were matched by age, sex, and index year were enrolled as controls. The associations of comorbidities and concomitant medication use with tendon disorder occurrence were analyzed using Cox regression models. Results: The incidence of tendon disorders were 6.61 and 3.34 per 10 5 person-years in patients with and without fluoroquinolone exposure, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.423; 95% confidence interval [1.02,1.87]; p = 0.021). Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. Patients under 18 and over 60 years with fluoroquinolone exposure; those with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, rheumatologic disease, cardiac disease, lipid disorder, or obesity; and those who concomitantly used statins, aromatase inhibitors, or glucocorticoids, had a significantly higher risk of tendon disorders. Conclusion: The long-term risk of tendon disorders was higher in patients with fluoroquinolone exposure than in those without fluoroquinolone exposure. Clinicians should assess the benefits and risks of fluoroquinolone use in patients at high risk of tendon disorders who require fluoroquinolone administration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.814333
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.814333.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
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    DataSheet1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2024
    In:  Frontiers in Genetics Vol. 15 ( 2024-5-15)
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    In: Frontiers in Genetics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2024-5-15)
    Abstract: Muscular dystrophies and congenital myopathies encompass various inherited muscular disorders that present diagnostic challenges due to clinical complexity and genetic heterogeneity. Methods This study aimed to investigate the use of whole exome sequencing (WES) in diagnosing muscular disorders in pediatric patients in Taiwan. Out of 161 pediatric patients suspected to have genetic/inherited myopathies, 115 received a molecular diagnosis through conventional tests, single gene testing, and gene panels. The remaining 46 patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification–negative Duchenne muscular dystrophy) with three patients (6.5%), Group 2 (various forms of muscular dystrophies) with 21 patients (45.7%), and Group 3 (congenital myopathies) with 22 patients (47.8%). Results WES analysis of these groups found pathogenic variants in 100.0% (3/3), 57.1% (12/21), and 68.2% (15/22) of patients in Groups 1 to 3, respectively. WES had a diagnostic yield of 65.2% (30 patients out of 46), detecting 30 pathogenic or potentially pathogenic variants across 28 genes. Conclusion WES enables the diagnosis of rare diseases with symptoms and characteristics similar to congenital myopathies and muscular dystrophies, such as muscle weakness. Consequently, this approach facilitates targeted therapy implementation and appropriate genetic counseling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-8021
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1365729
    DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1365729.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606823-0
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  • 10
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    Memory Impairment and Plasma BDNF Correlates of the BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism in Patients With Bipolar II Disorder
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2018
    In:  Frontiers in Genetics Vol. 9 ( 2018-11-27)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Genetics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2018-11-27)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-8021
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00583
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606823-0
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