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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Presentation_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 12 ( 2021-5-7)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-5-7)
    Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains an aggressive brain tumor with a high rate of mortality. Immune checkpoint (IC) molecules are expressed on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and promote T cell exhaustion upon binding to IC ligands expressed by the tumor cells. Interfering with IC pathways with immunotherapy has promoted reactivation of anti-tumor immunity and led to success in several malignancies. However, IC inhibitors have achieved limited success in GBM patients, suggesting that other checkpoint molecules may be involved with suppressing TIL responses. Numerous IC pathways have been described, with current testing of inhibitors underway in multiple clinical trials. Identification of the most promising checkpoint pathways may be useful to guide the future trials for GBM. Here, we analyzed the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) transcriptomic database and identified PD1 and TIGIT as top putative targets for GBM immunotherapy. Additionally, dual blockade of PD1 and TIGIT improved survival and augmented CD8 + TIL accumulation and functions in a murine GBM model compared with either single agent alone. Furthermore, we demonstrated that this combination immunotherapy affected granulocytic/polymorphonuclear (PMN) myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) but not monocytic (Mo) MDSCs in in our murine gliomas. Importantly, we showed that suppressive myeloid cells express PD1, PD-L1, and TIGIT-ligands in human GBM tissue, and demonstrated that antigen specific T cell proliferation that is inhibited by immunosuppressive myeloid cells can be restored by TIGIT/PD1 blockade. Our data provide new insights into mechanisms of GBM αPD1/αTIGIT immunotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637146
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637146.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Circulating tumor DNA – A potential aid in the management of chordomas
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 12 ( 2022-10-20)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-10-20)
    Abstract: Chordomas are a locally invasive, low-grade, CNS malignancy that are primarily found in the skull base, spine, and sacrum. They are thought to be derived from notochordal remnants and remain a significant clinical challenge due to their local invasiveness, resistance to chemoradiation, and difficulty in achieving a complete resection. Adjuvant therapy such as proton beam therapy is critical in preventing recurrence in patients who are at high risk, however this treatment is associated with increased risk of complication. Currently, intraoperative observation and imaging findings are used to determine recurrence and success of gross total resection. These methods can be unreliable due to limited operative view, bony and soft tissue involvement, and complex post-operative changes on MRI. Earlier detection of incomplete resection or recurrence will allow for earlier ability to intervene and potentially improve patient outcomes. Circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) is cell-free DNA that is released by tumor cells as they undergo cellular turn-over. Monitoring ctDNA has been shown to be more sensitive at predicting residual tumor than imaging in numerous solid malignancies. Furthermore, ctDNA could be detected earlier in peripheral blood as opposed to imaging changes, allowing for earlier intervention. In this review, we intend to give a brief overview of the current state of molecular diagnosis for skull base chordomas. We will then discuss current advances in the utilization of ctDNA for the management of CNS pathologies such as glioblastoma (GBM) and brain metastases. We will also discuss the role ctDNA has in the management of non-CNS pathologies such as osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma (EWS). Finally, we will discuss potential implications of ctDNA monitoring for chordoma management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016385
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular characterization of a first begomovirus associated with lentil (Lens culinaris) from India
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2016
    In:  Acta virologica Vol. 60, No. 03 ( 2016), p. 217-223
    Details
    In: Acta virologica, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 60, No. 03 ( 2016), p. 217-223
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1336-2305
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4149/av_2016_03_217
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2058529-9
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Table_2.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Vol. 11 ( 2021-7-2)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-7-2)
    Abstract: Exophiala spp. are important opportunist pathogens causing subcutaneous or even fatal disseminated infections in otherwise both immunosuppressed and healthy individuals but there are no systematic studies on the isolates of Exophiala species from India. Methods Twenty-four isolates of Exophiala species were retrieved from the National Culture Collection of Pathogenic Fungi (NCCPF) and identified phenotypically and by molecular methods (ITS region sequencing) followed by antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) as per CLSI-M38A3 guidelines. A review of the literature of cases from India was performed up to 1 st January 2021 using the Medline and Cochrane database. Results E. dermatitidis (n = 8), E. jeanselmei (n = 6),  E. spinifera (n = 6),  E. mesophila (n = 1), E. oligosperma (n = 1), E. xenobiotica (n = 1) were identified and the sequencing of ITS, β-tubulin and β-actin revealed a novel species, E. arunalokei sp. nov. (n = 1). The ITS sequence phylogram of E. jeanselmei revealed that the majority (83%) formed a separate cluster close to type A while majority (75%) of E. dermatitidis were type B. The MIC50 (mg/L) of amphotericin, itraconazole, voriconazole, micafungin, caspofungin, anidulafungin, and posaconazole, was 1, 0.25, 0.125, 0.12, 0.125, 0.062, and 0.062, respectively. Sixteen more cases were identified on the literature review and a significant association of E. dermatitidis with history of surgical procedures (p = 0.013), invasive disease (p = 0.032) and of E. mesophila with tuberculosis (p = 0.026) was seen. Conclusion This, to the best of our knowledge is the first study from India elucidating the molecular and clinical characteristics of Exophiala species and the first Indian report of human infection due to E. xenobiotica and E. arunalokei.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-2988
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.686120
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.686120.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.686120.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.686120.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.686120.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.686120.s005
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2619676-1
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