GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Elsevier  (14)
Document type
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Volcanic signature of volatile trace elements on atmospheric deposition at Mt. Etna, Italy (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Volcanic volatiles and aerosol emitted into the atmosphere ultimately fall on the Earth’s surface as wet or dry deposition, and they can influence the environment and the ecosystems at local and regional scales. Therefore, atmospheric deposition plays a key-role in the geochemical cycles, redistributing volcanogenic elements to the ground. For this reason, estimating the volcanogenic trace element fluxes from the atmosphere to the surface is necessary for a better knowledge of the environmental impact of the volcanic emissions. Nevertheless, from a literature review, we have recognized the scarcity of investigation on trace element deposition in the surroundings of active volcanoes. Here, we present a chemical characterization of bulk deposition around Mt. Etna, Italy, including both major and many trace elements. Bulk depositions were collected approximately fortnightly, from April 2006 to December 2007, using a network of five rain gauges, located at various altitudes on the upper flanks around the summit craters of the volcano. For most elements highest concentrations have been found close to the emission vent, confirming the prevailing volcanic contribution to rainwater composition close to the summit craters. Comparison with contemporaneously collected plume emissions shows that deposition processes produce no evident element-to-element fractionation. By contrast, comparison with whole rock composition indicates a contrasting behaviour between volatile elements, which are highly-enriched in rainwater, and refractory elements, which have low rainwater/whole rock concentration ratios. Chemical concentrations in bulk deposition were used to estimate the deposition rates of a large suite of elements. Deposition rates for volatile trace elements like Se, As, and Cd range from 1.7, 1.2 and 0.9 µg m-2 day-1 nearby to the summit vents, to 0.5, 0.3, and 0.1 µg m-2 day-1 at the local background site on the upwind western sector.
    Description: Published
    Description: Davos, Switzerland
    Description: 4.4. Scenari e mitigazione del rischio ambientale
    Description: open
    Keywords: trace metals ; atmospheric deposition ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Mercury content and speciation in the Phlegrean Fields volcanic complex: Evidence from hydrothermal system and fumaroles (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Mercury is outstanding among the global environmental pollutants of continuing concern. Although degassing of active volcanic areas represents an important natural source of mercury into the atmosphere, still little is known about the amount and behaviour of Hg in volcanic aquifers, especially regarding its chemical speciation. In order to assess the importance of mercury emissions from active volcanoes, thermal waters were sampled in the area surrounding La Solfatara, Pozzuoli bay. This is the most active zone of the Phlegrean Fields complex (coastal area north–west of Naples), with intense hydrothermal activity at present day. Studied groundwaters show total Hg (THg) concentrations range from 56 to 171 ng/l and are lower than the 1000 ng/l threshold value for human health protection fixed by the World Health Organization (WHO, 1993). We also carefully discriminated the different aqueous species of Hg in the collected water samples. Besides, original data on Hg determination in gaseous manifestations at La Solfatara crater are also reported. We measured volcanogenic mercury concentration and Hg/Stot ratio both in the volcanic plume and in fumarolic condensates in order to better constrain Hg reactivity once emitted into the atmosphere. Data on Hg/Stot reveal that there is no significant difference between Hg volcanic composition at the venting source (fumaroles) and in near-vent diluted volcanic plumes (1.6×10−5 and 1.9×10−5, respectively), suggesting that there is limited Hg chemical processing in volcanic fumarole plumes, at least on the timescales of a few seconds investigated here. Combining the mean fumaroles Hg/CO2 mass ratio of about 1.3×10−8 (molar ratio: 2.1×10−9) with the hydrothermal soil diffuse CO2 degassing of the area, the annual Hg flux from La Solfatara is estimated as 7 kg y−1 (0.007 t y−1). Current mercury emission from La Solfatara volcano represents a very small contribution to the estimated global volcanic budget for this element, and the estimated Hg flux is considerably lower than that estimated from open-conduit active basaltic volcanoes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 250–260
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 2.4. TTC - Laboratori di geochimica dei fluidi
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: hydrothermal waters ; total mercury ; mercury speciation ; fumaroles ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 13
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    First combined flux chamber survey of mercury and CO2 emissions from soil diffuse degassing at Solfatara of Pozzuoli crater, Campi Flegrei (Italy): Mapping and quantification of gas release (2015)
    Elsevier | Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: There have been limited studies to date targeting gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) flux from soil emission in enriched volcanic substrates and its relation with CO2 release and tectonic structures. In order to evaluate and understand the processes of soil–air exchanges involved at Solfatara of Pozzuoli volcano, the most active zone of Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy), an intensive field measurement survey has been achieved in September 2013 by using high-time resolution techniques. Soil–air exchange fluxes of GEM and CO2 have been measured simultaneously at 116 points, widely distributed within the crater. Quantification of gas flux has been assessed by using field accumulation chamber method in conjunction with a Lumex®-RA 915 + portable mercury vapor analyzer and a LICOR for CO2 determination, respectively. The spatial distribution of GEM and CO2 emissions correlated quite closely with the hydrothermal and geological features of the studied area. The highest GEM fluxes (from 4.04 to 5.9 × 10− 5 g m− 2 d− 1) were encountered close to the southern part of the crater interested by an intense fumarolic activity and along the SE–SW tectonic fracture (1.26 × 10− 6–6.91 × 10− 5 g GEM m− 2 d− 1). Conversely, the lowest values have been detected all along the western rim of the crater, characterized by a weak gas flux and a lush vegetation on a very sealed clay soil, which likely inhibited mercury emission (range: 1.5 × 10− 7–7.18 × 10− 6 g GEM m− 2 d− 1). Results indicate that the GEM exchange between soil and air inside the Solfatara crater is about 2–3 orders of magnitude stronger than that in the background areas (10− 8–10− 7 g m− 2 d− 1). CO2 soil diffuse degassing exhibited an analogous spatial pattern to the GEM fluxes, with emission rates ranging from about 15 to ~ 20,000 g CO2 m− 2 d− 1, from the outermost western zones to the south-eastern sector of the crater. The observed significant correlation between GEM and CO2 suggested that in volcanic system GEM volatilizes from substrate in a similar manner to the release of CO2. The quantitative estimation of the total amount of CO2 and GEM released from the Solfatara crater gave values of about 304 ± 13 and 3.7 ± 0.2 × 10− 6 t d− 1, respectively. Finally, based on our dataset and previous work, we propose that an average GEM/CO2 molar ratio of ~ 2 × 10− 8 (n = 9) is best representative of hydrothermal degassing. Taking into account the uncertainty in global hydrothermal CO2 emissions from sub-aerial environments (~ 1012 Mol yr− 1), we infer a global volcanic GEM flux from hydrothermal environments of ~ about 8.5 t yr− 1. Although this value has to be considered as a lower limit for the global emission of GEM from these sources, we suggest that on a local scale hydrothermal activity can be regarded as a significant source of GEM than previously recognized to the atmospheric pool.
    Description: Published
    Description: 26-40
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Flux Chamber Survey ; Mercury ; CO2 emissions ; Solfatara ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Atmospheric sources and sinks of volcanogenic elements in a basaltic volcano (Etna, Italy) (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This study reports on the first quantitative assessment of the geochemical cycling of volcanogenic elements, from their atmospheric release to their deposition back to the ground. Etna’s emissions and atmospheric depositions were characterised for more than 2 years, providing data on major and trace element abundance in both volcanic aerosols and bulk depositions. Volcanic aerosols were collected from 2004 to 2007, at the summit vents by conventional filtration techniques. Precipitation was collected, from 2006 to 2007, in five rain gauges, at various altitudes around the summit craters. Analytical results for volcanic aerosols showed that the dominant anions were S, Cl, and F, and that the most abundant metals were K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, and Ti (1.5–50 lg m 3). Minor and trace element concentrations ranged from about 0.001 to 1 lg m 3. From such analysis, we derived an aerosol mass flux ranging from 3000 to 8000 t a 1. Most analysed elements had higher concentrations close to the emission vent, confirming the prevailing volcanic contribution to bulk deposition. Calculated deposition rates were integrated over the whole Etna area, to provide a first estimate of the total deposition fluxes for several major and trace elements. These calculated deposition fluxes ranged from 20 to 80 t a 1 (Al, Fe, Si) to 0.01–0.1 t a 1 (Bi, Cs, Sc, Th, Tl, and U). Comparison between volcanic emissions and atmospheric deposition showed that the amount of trace elements scavenged from the plume in the surrounding of the volcano ranged from 0.1% to 1% for volatile elements such as As, Bi, Cd, Cs, Cu, Tl, and from 1% to 5% for refractory elements such as Al, Ba, Co, Fe, Ti, Th, U, and V. Consequently, more than 90% of volcanogenic trace elements were dispersed further away, and may cause a regional scale impact. Such a large difference between deposition and emission fluxes at Mt. Etna pointed to relatively high stability and long residence time of aerosols in the plume.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7401-7425
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: trace elements ; volcanic plume chemistry ; bulk deposition ; Etna ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...