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  • 1
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    Volcanic ash layers in Lake El'gygytgyn: eight new regionally significant chronostratigraphic markers for western Beringia (2014)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Climate of the Past, 10 . pp. 1041-1062.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-27
    Description: Ash layers from explosive volcanic eruptions (i.e. tephra) represent isochronous surfaces independent from the environment in which they are deposited and the distance from their source. In comparison to eastern Beringia (non-glaciated Yukon and Alaska), few Plio-Pleistocene distal tephra are known from western Beringia (non-glaciated arctic and subarctic eastern Russia), hindering the dating and correlation of sediments beyond the limit of radiocarbon and luminescence methods. The identification of eight visible tephra layers (T0–T7) in sediment cores extracted from Lake El'gygytgyn, in the Far East Russian Arctic, indicates the feasibility of developing a tephrostratigraphic framework for this region. These tephra range in age from ca. 45 ka to 2.2 Ma, and each is described and characterized by its major-, minor-, trace-element and Pb isotope composition. These data show that subduction zone related volcanism from the Kurile–Kamchatka–Aleutian–Arc and Alaska Peninsula is the most likely source, with Pb isotope data indicating a Kamchatkan volcanic source for tephra layers T0–T5 and T7, while a source in the Aleutian Arc is possible probable for Tephra T6. The location of Lake El'gygytgyn relative to potential source volcanoes (〉1000 km) suggests these tephra are distributed over a vast area. These deposits provide a unique opportunity to correlate the high-resolution paleoenvironmental records of Lake El'gygytgyn to other terrestrial paleoenvironmental archives from western Beringia and marine records from the northwest Pacific and Bering Sea. This is an important first step towards the development of a robust integrated framework between the continuous paleoclimatic records of Lake El'gygytgyn and other terrestrial and marine records in NE Eurasia.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-1041-2014
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Late Holocene diatom assemblages in a lake-sediment core from Central Kamchatka, Russia (2012)
    Springer
    In:  Journal of Paleolimnology, 47 (4). pp. 549-560.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Fossil diatom assemblages in a sediment core from a small lake in Central Kamchatka (Russia) were used to reconstruct palaeoenvironmental conditions of the late Holocene. The waterbody may be a kettle lake that formed on a moraine of the Two-Yurts Lake Valley, located on the eastern slope of the Central Kamchatka Mountain Chain. At present, it is a seepage lake with no surficial outflow. Fossil diatom assemblages show an almost constant ratio between planktonic and periphytic forms throughout the record. Downcore variations in the relative abundances of diatom species enabled division of the core into four diatom assemblage zones, mainly related to changes in abundances of Aulacoseira subarctica, Stephanodiscus minutulus, and Discostella pseudostelligera and several benthic species. Associated variations in the composition and content of organic matter are consistent with the diatom stratigraphy. The oldest recovered sediments date to about 3220 BC. They lie below a sedimentation hiatus and likely include reworked deposits from nearby Two-Yurts Lake. The initial lake stage between 870 and 400 BC was characterized by acidic shallow-water conditions. Between 400 BC and AD 1400, lacustrine conditions were established, with highest contributions from planktonic diatoms. The interval between AD 1400 and 1900 might reflect summer cooling during the Little Ice Age, indicated by diatoms that prefer strong turbulence, nutrient recycling and cooler summer conditions. The timing of palaeolimnological changes generally fits the pattern of neoglacial cooling during the late Holocene on Kamchatka and in the neighbouring Sea of Okhotsk, mainly driven by the prevailing modes of regional atmospheric circulation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s10933-012-9580-y
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    New palynological and tephrochronological investigations of two salt lagoons on the island of Mljet, south Dalmatia, Croatia (1998)
    Springer
    In:  Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 7 (4). pp. 219-234.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-17
    Description: In the sediments of both of the investigated lakes, the tephra from the Mercato-Ottaviano eruption (Vesuvius, southern Italy) (ca. 7900 B.P.) could be identified. The palynological investigations show that from ca. 9000-7200 B.P. (8000-6000 cal B.C.) deciduous oak forests predominated, with only a few representatives of Mediterranean vegetation. At the transition to the central European Atlantic Period those forests changed to an open vegetation type, dominated byJuniperus andPhillyrea. At about 5500 B.P. (4400 cal B.C.), theJuniperus-Phillyrea vegetation was replaced byQuercus ilex woodland that still occurs on the island of Mljet today and is considered to be the natural vegetation of the Dalmatian coastland. The associated vegetation of theQ. ilex forests changed several times. At the beginning of theQ. ilex period,Juniperus values were still high, but soon they decreased andErica spread. In more recent times theQ. ilex forests were partially replaced by plantations ofPinus halcpensis. Indicators of human impact are sparse throughout the pollen record. Clear evidence for human influence exists only from ca. 3100 B.P. (1300 cal B.C.) whenJuglans andPinus halepensis were introduced to the area. Later,Olea andSecale cultivation can be suggested and further spreading ofJuniperus indicates use of the land as pasture.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/BF01146195
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Correlating the Holocene records: Icelandic tephra found in Schleswig-Holstein (Northern Germany) (1994)
    Springer
    In:  Naturwissenschaften, 81 (12). pp. 554-556.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-24
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/BF01140005
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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