Anmerkung: Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction: Limits to Adaptation -- Defining Limits and Constraints to Adaptation -- Chapters in This Book -- Conclusions -- References -- Limits to Climate Change Adaptation in Asia -- 2 Strategies and Barriers to Adaptation of Hazard-Prone Rural Households in Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Review of Literature -- Methodology -- Study Area -- Sampling, Questionnaire and Data Collection -- Data Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Socio-economic Characteristics -- Households' Adaptive Strategies -- Limiting Factors to Adaptation -- Conclusions -- References -- 3 Governance Limits to Adaptation in Cambodia's Health Sector -- Introduction -- Context -- Overview of Health and Adaptation -- Capacity Development -- Coordination -- Cambodia -- Methods -- Limitations -- Results -- Capacity -- Education -- Salaries -- Limited Financial Resources -- Limited Capacity Building -- Coordination -- Discussion -- Adaptation Limit One: Capacity Development -- Adaptation Limit Two: Coordination -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Land-Based Strategic Model by Integrating Diverse Policies for Climate Change Adaptation in Nepal -- Introduction -- Adaptation Strategies -- National and Sub-national Adaptation Initiative -- Adaptation Policies in Different Sectors -- Materials and Methods -- Analysis -- Analysis of in-Depth Interview with Key Experts at National Level -- Analysis of Nepal Policy Documents -- CCP, 2011 -- NAPA, 2010 -- LAPA, 2011 -- NAP, 2004 -- LUP, 2012 -- Analysis of In-depth Interview with Key Experts at International Level (ICIMOD) -- Analysis of In-Depth Interviews with Local Key Experts at District Level -- Analysis of Focus Group Interview at the Community Level -- Towards Strategies -- Analysis Using SWOT Technique -- Integrated Land-Based Strategy -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements. , References -- 5 Climate Change and Migration in Bangladesh: Empirically Derived Lessons and Opportunities for Policy Makers and Practitioners -- Bangladesh: Demographic, Geographic and Climate Change Issues -- Climate Change and Windstorms in Bangladesh -- Climate Change and Floods in Bangladesh -- Climate Change and Erosion in Bangladesh -- Towards Synthesis: Disaster Homelessness and Preparedness -- Research Design, Methodology, and Data Collection and Analysis -- Results and Key Research Findings -- Environment Related Pressures Are Powerful Push Factors for Migration -- Livelihood Security -- Urban Vulnerabilities and Perceived Poverty -- Large Parts of Society Are Eclipsed by Reliable Access to Education -- Strengthened Government Institutions and Interagency Coordination -- Research: Fertile Land Development -- Migration Pull Factors: Migrant Aspirations and Preferred Destinations -- Discussion of Core Issues -- Poverty Matters, First and Foremost -- Education Matters -- Planning Matters -- Policy Recommendations -- Concluding Synthesis -- Research Limitations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Limits to Climate Change Adaptation in Africa -- 6 Limits to Climate Change Adaptation in Zimbabwe: Insights, Experiences and Lessons -- Introduction -- Limits to Climate Change Adaptation: A Conceptualisation -- Limits to Adaptation in the Agriculture Sector -- Adaptation Interventions and Limits in the Water Sector -- Limits to Climate Change Adaptation in Human Health and Settlements -- Limits to Climate Change Adaptation in the Energy and Industry Sector -- Climate Change Threats on Biodiversity and Limits to Adaptation -- Discussion and Policy Directions -- Conclusion -- References -- 7 Pastoralists Shifting Strategies and Perceptions of Risk: Post-crisis Recovery in Damergou, Niger -- Introduction -- Methodology. , Pastoralism Within the Risk-Based Framework -- Household, Intolerable Risks, and Limits -- Livelihood Strategies -- A Disaster and Two Crises -- Strategies Post-1984 -- Strategies Post-2010 -- Perceptions and Observations of Change -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Political Limits to Climate Change Adaptation Practices: Insights from the Johannesburg Case -- Introduction -- Framing Adaptation Limits -- Origins of Adaptation Limits: A Focus on Societal Contexts -- The Case Study: Urban Planning in Johannesburg -- Methodology -- Tracing Political Adaptation Barriers -- Land Use Planning -- Housing -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 9 Constraints and Limits to Climate Change Adaptation Efforts in Nigeria -- Introduction: Climate Change and Its Impacts in Nigeria -- Climate Change and Adaptations in Nigeria -- Objective -- Methodology -- Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics of Farmers -- Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics of Technical Experts -- Farmers' Perceived Changes as a Result of Climate Change -- Farmers' Indigenous Climate Change Adaptations -- Government Assisted Adaptation Strategies and Limitations -- Conclusion -- References -- 10 Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Suitability of Banana Crop Production to Future Climate Change Over Uganda -- Introduction -- Area of Study -- Data and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 11 Local Adaptation to Climate Extremes in Domboshawa: Opportunities and Limitations -- Introduction -- Background of Domboshawa: The Historical and Geographical Setting -- Research Problem -- Research Questions -- Literature Review -- Determinants of Adaptive Capacity -- Economic Resources -- Technology -- Information, Knowledge and Skills -- Infrastructure -- Institutions. , Equity (in Access to Resources) -- Limits to Adaptation -- Types of Limits to Adaptation -- Maladaptation to Climate Change -- Materials and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Current Information -- Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Culture -- Limited Investment by Government -- Limited High Yielding Crops -- Professionalisation of Agriculture -- Government Role -- Links Between Institutions and Coping Strategies -- Conclusion -- References -- Limits to Climate Change Adaptation in Australia, North-America and Europe -- 12 The Limits of Imagination -- Introduction -- Adaptation Challenges -- Near-Term Adaptation -- Benefits and Responsibilities of Adaptive Capacity in Australia and Canada -- Adaptation and Imagination -- Conceptual and Cultural Limits -- Methods -- Case Study Boundaries -- Future Climate Narrative Typology -- Results -- Dangerous Futures (N/C) -- Imagined Futures (F/N) -- Unfamiliar Futures (C/F) -- Unfolding Futures (C) -- Beyond Imagination -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 13 Climate Change Adaptation in Coastal East Arctic Ecosystems: Complexity and Challenges of Monitoring and Evaluation -- Introduction -- Theory and Method -- Results -- Socioeconomic Data -- Vulnerability (Exposure and Sensitivity) Indicators -- Locally-Based Adaptation Initiatives -- Discussions and Implications -- Conclusion -- References -- 14 Limits to Adaptation on Climate Change in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Insights and Experiences -- Introduction -- Results and Discussion -- The Possibility to Adapt to Climate Change -- Limits to Adaptation on Climate Change in Bosnia and Herzegovina -- Technical and Technological Constraints -- Legislative Framework as a Limiting Factor in Adaptation to Climate Change -- Limitations in the Field of Education and Research -- Financial Constraints -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References. , Laws and Regulations -- Limits to Climate Change Adaptation in the Pacific Region -- 15 Climate Change Adaptation Limits in Small Island Developing States -- Introduction -- Defining and Conceptualising Adaptation Limits -- Methods -- Identifying Adaptation Limits in SIDS -- Selecting Case Study Countries -- Limitations of Methods and Constraints of Paper -- Findings -- Discussion -- Recommendations -- Conclusion -- Future Prospects -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 16 Limits to Coastal Adaptation in Samoa: Insights and Experiences -- Introduction -- Climate Change and Its Effect on the Coastal Zones of Small Island Developing States -- Climate Change, IPCC and the Paris Agreement -- Rising Sea Surface Temperatures and Rising Seas -- Effects of Climate Change on Coral Reefs -- Case Study of Samoa -- Vulnerability of Samoa to Climate Change -- Problems Faced by Fisheries -- Adaptation Strategies -- Examples of Adaptations Strategies Attempted so Far -- Limit of Current Adaptation Strategies -- Discussion on Future Adaptation Strategies -- Conclusion -- References -- 17 Limits to Capital Works Adaptation in the Coastal Zones and Islands: Lessons for the Pacific -- Introduction -- Adaptation Challenges in the Coastal Zones and Islands -- Potential for Coastal Capital Works in the Pacific -- Future Sea Level and Climate Change Projections -- Understanding Pacific Coastal Processes -- Capital Works as Climate Change Adaptation -- Location -- Time -- Engineering Design Process: Design Storm Events -- Hurricane Katrina New Orleans -- The Great Wall of Japan -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 18 A 'Cost Barrier' Perspective to Adaptation on a Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI) and Mangrove Rehabilitation Projects (MRP) in Solomon Islands -- Introduction -- Description of Mechanisms for Adaptation -- The Coral Triangle Initiative. , Mangrove Rehabilitation Project.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Water Management and Climate Change in the Focus of International Master Programs in Latin America and the Carribian -- Introduction -- The Project: "WATERMAS-Water Management and Climate Change in the Focus of International Master Programs" -- General Aspects -- Climate Change in Latin America with Focus on Cuba and Ecudador -- Methodology -- Teaching and Learning Contents to Be Addressed -- Fundamentals and Definitions -- Displaying the Scales of the Hydrological Cycle and the Impacts of Climate Change in the Curriculum -- Dimensions of WR Management to Be Considered in the Curriculum -- Climate Change-The Role of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services -- Structure of the Curriculum -- Green Campus-The Living Lab -- Teaching and Learning Methodology -- General Didactic Approach-Students Become Self-Directed Learners -- Water and Climate Cycles-Circular Thinking -- Climate Change and Climate Impact Mitigation-Systems Thinking -- Integrated Water Resources Management-Practical Application -- Administrating Water Resources-The Institutional Dimension -- Protecting Water and Biodiversity Resources-The Social Dimension -- Valorising Water and Biodiversity Resources-The Economic Dimension -- Engineered and Nature Based Solutions for the Mitigation of Climate Change Impacts and Disasters-The Engineering Perspective -- Internalisation of Externalities-The Environmental Perspective -- Conclusions -- References -- Mangrove Conservation Policies in the Gulf of Guayaquil -- Introduction -- Chronology of Policies Relevant to the Study Area -- Stylized Facts of Policies Implemented in the Area of Study -- State of Implementation and Effects of the Main Mangrove Conservation Policies in the Gulf of Guayaquil -- Future Perspectives of Conservation Policies in the GG -- Conclusions -- References. , Biodiversity Issues Should Be Better Taken into Account in the Energy Transition -- Introduction -- The Impacts of Renewables on Biodiversity -- Biodiversity Underlies the French Action Plan for Climate -- Mitigating the Impacts of Renewables on Biodiversity for an Ecological Transition -- Spatial Planning -- Guidance and Monitoring -- Engineering -- Mobilizing Research -- Scenarios and Models -- EU Countries Should Inspire the World for a More Cautious, Time-Taking Energy Transition for the Sake of Biodiversity -- Conclusion -- References -- Approaches to Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity Assessment in Belarus -- Introduction -- Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services: International Approach -- "Green" and "Circular" Economies Concepts -- Methods and Limitations -- Ecosystem Services in Belarus -- Providing Services -- Regulatory Services -- Cultural Services -- Supporting Services -- Legislation on Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity in Belarus -- Conclusion -- References -- Community Action for Biodiversity and Forest Conservation and Adaptation to Climate Change in the Wild Coffee Forests (CAFA) -- Introduction -- Participatory Forest Management (PFM) in Ethiopia -- NABU's Work in Ethiopia -- Implementation Practice of PFM in Kafa Biosphere Reserve -- Methods -- Study Site: The Kafa Biosphere Reserve -- Impacts of Climate Change and Threats to Biodiversity -- Data Collection -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions and Recommendations for Practitioners -- References -- Impact of Climate Change on Sawfly (Suborder: Symphyta) Polinators in Andalusia Region, Spain -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Identification of Sawfly Species in the Andalusia Region -- Study Area -- Data Collection and Analysis -- Results -- Sawfly Species Identified in the Study Area -- Climate Change in the Andalusia Region -- Changes in Temperature -- Changes in Humidity. , Effect of Changes in Humidity and Temperature on Displacement of Sawflies -- Vertical Displacement of Sawfly Species -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Coffee, Climate and Biodiversity: Understanding the Carbon Stocks of the Shade Coffee Production System of India -- Introduction -- Coffee, Climate, and Biodiversity of Wayanad, Kerala -- Coffee Cultivation: Traditional Shade and Modern Open System -- Shade Grown Coffee System Is Akin to Tropical Forest -- Know the Nexus of Carbon Stock of Coffee Production System and Biodiversity -- Promoting Coffee Value Chain as a Carbon Neutral Brand -- Conclusion -- Limitations -- References -- Implications for Biodiversity of Potentially Committed Global Climate Change (from Science and Policy) -- Introduction -- Increasing Climate Change Increases Biodiversity Loss -- Future Catastrophic Biodiversity Decline -- Several Sources of Committed Climate Change and Biodiversity Loss -- Commitment Due to Emissions Policies -- Climate System Science Commitment -- Climate Change Danger Limits -- Climate Change and Biodiversity Trends -- The Worst-Case Scenarios -- Climate Change and Biodiversity Loss Interaction -- What the IPCC Assessments Say -- Limitations of the Chapter -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Ensuring Co-benefits for Biodiversity, Climate Change and Sustainable Development -- Introduction -- Biodiversity and Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change Mitigation -- The Relationship Between Biodiversity and the Sustainable Development Goals -- The Relationship Between Land Degradation Neutrality and Other Biodiversity and Climate Targets -- Mitigating Climate Change, Safeguarding Biodiversity, Reducing Land Degradation and Supporting Sustainable Development Goals -- Conclusions -- References. , Sustainable Hydropower: Using Ecosystem-based Adaptation to Increase Local Adaptation Capacity in Brazil -- Hydropower Generation, Biodiversity and Climate Change -- EbA and the International Agreements Ratified by Brazil -- EbA in Practice: Proposing and Measuring Efficiency/Effectiveness -- EbA and Sustainable Hydropower -- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Conservation Plan -- Local Economic Activities Support Plan (LEASP) -- Plan to Promote Scientific Research -- Conclusion -- References -- The Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative as an Adaptive Response to Climate Change -- Introduction: Science and Conservation in the Y2Y Region -- Methodology and Limitations -- Y2Y as a Response to Climate Change -- Range of Anthropogenic Threats to Biodiversity -- Climate Change Impacts -- Discussion: Opportunities and Challenges -- Conclusion -- References -- Saving the Last Endemic-Church Forests in Ethiopia: The Case of Lake Tana Biosphere Reserve -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Area -- Data Collection -- Data Analysis -- Results -- Discussion -- Application of the Results to Church Forest Management and Conservation -- References -- Factors Affecting Communication and Information Sharing for Water Resource Management in Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) -- Introduction -- Related Work -- Research Methodology -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusion, Recommendations and Further Research -- References -- Climate Sentinels Research Program: Developing Indicators of the Effects of Climate Change on Biodiversity in the Region of New Aquitaine (South West, France) -- Introduction -- Research Approach -- Hypothesis and Objectives Related to the Problematic -- Action Research -- Development of Sentinel Climate Indicators -- Climate Change Effects State of Art -- Climate Sentinel Species -- Program Analysis Plan. , Naturalistic Data from Regional Observatories -- Protocoled Monitoring Data -- Projection Modelling -- Conclusion -- References -- Introducing Spatio-Temporal Conservation Units: Models for Flexible Optimization of Species Persistence Under Climate Change -- Introduction -- A New Conservation Unit: The Climate-Change Concerned Conservation Corridor -- Persistence as Conservation Targets -- Area Scheduling Models: Area Selection Through Time -- An Illustrative Example -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- The Impact of Climate Change and Variability on Wild Terrestrial Animals in Selected Rural Coastal Regions of Kenya -- Introduction: Climate Change and Biodiversity -- The Study Objectives -- The Rationale of the Paper -- Methodology -- The Study Area -- Research Design -- Sampling and Sample Size -- Results/Discussion -- Climate in the Selected Study Areas -- Biodiversity in the Study Area -- Terrestrial Animals in North Coast -- Terrestrial Animals in South Coast -- Changing Weather and Climatic Conditions in the North and South Coastal Regions of Kenya -- The Impact of Climate on Terrestrial Animals in the Coastal Region of Kenya -- Strategies Put in Place by Stakeholders to Address the Impact of Climate Change on Terrestrial Animals -- Conclusions -- Limitations of the Work -- Constraints of the Paper -- References -- Biodiversity Risks for Belarus Connected with the UV Climate Change -- Introduction -- Methods -- Cause-Effect Relationships: Climate Change, Ozone Layer Depletion, Ultraviolet Radiation and Biodiversity Changes -- The Results. UV Radiation over the Territory of Belarus -- Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- The Impact of Forest Fire on the Biodiversity and the Soil Characteristics of Tropical Peatland -- Introduction -- The Distribution of Peat Swamp Forest. , The Diversity of Plant Species in Peat Swamp Forest.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Political, Social, Economic and Environmental Dimensions of Sustainable Development -- Economic Complexity and the Environment: Evidence from Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Model, Data and Methodology -- 3.1 Model and Data Description -- 3.2 Methodology -- 4 Empirics -- 4.1 Solid Waste Generation -- 4.2 Deforestation -- 4.3 Forest Fires -- 4.4 Air Pollution -- 5 Conclusion -- Appendix -- Data Sources -- Descriptive Statistics -- References -- Consideration of Environmental and Socio-economic Aspects of a Territory for Sustainable Production and Consumption in a Biorefinery Context -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Optimal Sustainable Biorefinery Location: A Short Literature Review -- 3 Towards Sustainable Biorefinery Location Based on Social, Economic and Environmental Aspects: A Case Study of a Potential Biorefinery Facility -- 3.1 Social and Economic Impacts and Territorial Embeddedness -- 3.2 Environmental Considerations for the Territory -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- The Role of the Ecological Fiscal Transfers for Water Conservation Policies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ecological Fiscal Transfers in Brazil -- 3 Ecological Fiscal Transfers for Water Conservation Policies -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Green Infrastructure and Social Welfare. Lessons for Sustainable Urban Development in the Metropolitan Zone of Leon, Mexico -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Green Infrastructure as a Strategic Approach for the Urban Sustainability -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Area of Study -- 3.2 Evaluation of the Distribution of Green Infrastructure Components in the Metropolitan Area of Leon -- 3.3 Evaluation and Diagnosis of the People's Perception About Social Benefits of Green Infrastructure -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Local Authorities and the Council Members Showed Inconsistent Understanding on Green Infrastructure Approach. , 4.2 Metropolitan Area of Leon Showed the Existence of Key Green Infrastructure Components and Reveled a Fragmented Network of Natural Spaces -- 4.3 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Participants in the Survey -- 4.4 People Perceived Social and Environmental Benefits from Green Infrastructure Components -- 4.5 People Perceived Environmental Issues from Key Green Infrastructure Components -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion Remarks -- Appendix -- References -- Exploring the Locus of Social Sustainability Implementation: A South Asian Perspective on Planning for Sustainable Development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review Social Sustainability -- 3 Identification of Barriers -- 4 Solution Methodology -- 5 Research Methods -- 6 Results and Analysis -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Brief Analysis of the Scientific Articles Produced About "Social Innovation", During the Last Ten Years -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Method -- 3 Presentation and Discussion of Results -- 4 Final Considerations -- References -- Green Practices in the Fashion Supply Chain: A Literature Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Green Practices in the Supply Chain -- 2.2 Sustainability in the Fashion Supply Chain -- 3 Research Method -- 3.1 Location, Selection, and Validation -- 3.2 Analysis and Synthesis -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Environmental Performance Measurement in Hospitals: A Bibliometric Review of Literature (1987-2017) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Bibliometric Review Design -- 3 Data Analysis -- 3.1 The Bibliometric Review of the Papers -- 4 Content Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Implementing Sustainable Development Through Environmental Camps: The Case of Skyros Project -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Role of Education -- 2.1 Environmental Education (EE) -- 2.2 Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). , 2.3 Outdoor Environmental Education -- 2.4 Experiential Education -- 3 Environmental Summer Camps -- 3.1 The Role of Outdoor Learning in Camps -- 4 Case Study: Project Skyros 2016 -- 4.1 Environmental Summer Camp at Nestorio -- 5 Methodology -- 5.1 Research Area -- 5.2 Research Sample -- 5.3 Research Instruments -- 6 Results -- 6.1 Knowledge -- 6.2 Attitude -- 6.3 Behavior -- 7 Discussion -- 7.1 Knowledge -- 7.2 Attitude -- 7.3 Behavior -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Holistic Approaches to Sustainable Development -- Strategies for the Promotion of Sustainable Urban Development: A Multicriteria Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Sustainability in Cities -- 4 Main Factors in Sustainable Cities -- 5 Multi-criteria Assessment Tree for Sustainable Cities -- 6 Final Considerations -- References -- International Transdisciplinary Approach to Sustainability Research Related to Place: Sustainable, Affordable Homes and Ecosystem Services in the U.S. and Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ecosystem Services Provision and Energy Efficient Solutions -- 3 Sustainable Affordable Houses in Brazil -- 4 Sustainable Affordable Houses in the U.S. -- 5 Relation Between American and Brazilian Energy Efficient Affordable Houses -- 6 Transdisciplinary Approach Between Ecology, Design, and Project Realization -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Analysis of Behavioral Changes Observed in Users of Sustainable Practices -- 1 Introduction: Socio-Cultural Development Based on Sustainable Practices -- 2 Understanding the Economic Scenario Through the Impacts Generated by Individual and Collective Behavioral Changes -- 3 Environmental Psychology -- 4 Research Methodology -- 5 Common Denominators -- 6 A Sustainable Lifestyle, A Continuous Process -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Measuring the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals at a Local Level: The WeGIx Index. , 1 Introduction: Measuring Sustainable Development at National, Regional and Municipality Level -- 2 Methodology Used in the Process of Designing and Implementing the WeGIx Index: Step by Step -- 2.1 WeGIx Variables Selection -- 2.2 WeGIx Model Construction and Validation -- 3 The Outcomes of WeGIx Application to Portugal: Results Analysis -- 4 Conclusions -- 4.1 The Benefits and Limitations of WeGIx -- 4.2 Final Comments -- Appendix -- References -- Sustainable Behavior and Its Antecedents: A Systematic Literature Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical References -- 3 Method and Materials -- 3.1 Scientific Literature Review -- 3.2 Extraction and Analysis of Articles -- 3.3 Findings and Discussion -- 3.4 Final Considerations -- References -- The Amerindian Good Living as a Sustainable Alternative to Latin American Development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Amerindian Good Living-Philosophical, Political, Practical Aspects and the Sustainability -- 3 The Good Living and National Laws, International Conventions and UN 2030 Agenda -- 4 Amerindian Good Living as an Alternative to Latin American Development -- 5 Examples of Amerindian Good Living Experiences -- 6 Ashaninka (Acre-Brazil) -- 7 Paiter Suruís (Rondônia-Brazil) -- 8 Mapuche (Chile) -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Application of Information Entropy to Assessment Environmental Sanitation Sustainability Conditions: A Case Study at the River Grande Basin, Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Selection of the Evaluation Indicator System -- 2.3 Entropy Weight Method for the Assessment of Environmental Sanitation Sustainability Conditions -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Entropy and Information Weights of the Selected Indicators -- 3.2 Subsystem Weighting -- 3.3 Sanitation Sustainability Condition Index (CSS) at GD1 and GD8 During the Analyzed Study Periods -- 4 Discussion. , 5 Conclusions -- References -- Sustainability in the Decision Making Process: A Systematic Review of Literature -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Grounding -- 2.1 Sustainable Development -- 2.2 Business Sustainability -- 2.3 Sustainable Decision Making -- 3 Methodological Routing -- 3.1 Conduct of Systematic Bibliographic Review -- 4 Analysis and Discussion -- 4.1 Detailing of Papers -- 4.2 Relationship Between Corporate Sustainability and Decision Making -- 5 Final Considerations -- References -- Governance, Risk and Compliance: Concerns in Sustainability Research Agendas -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Governance, Risk and Compliance -- 3 Sustainability -- 4 Methods -- 5 Results -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- A Search for the Spiritual Roots of Sustainable Development-Justice, Peace and the Integrity of Creation -- 1 Sustainable Development Is a Global Concern -- 2 The Role of the Churches-World Council of Churches -- 3 The Orthodox and Catholic Churches -- 4 Justice, Peace and the Integrity of Creation -- 5 Stewardship and the Integrity of Creation -- 6 The Environmental Movement-The International Union for the Conservation of Nature -- 7 The Peace Movement and the United Nations System -- 8 Civil Society Initiatives-The Earth Charter -- 9 Civil Society Initiatives-Spiritual Ecology -- 10 Conclusions -- References -- Sustainability Practices at Hotels and BnB Establishments on the Island of Gotland in Sweden -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Background -- 3 Consumers as Co-creators -- 4 Sustainability as a Value and Quality Marker -- 5 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations -- 6 Lifestyle Entrepreneurs -- 7 Hotel Entrepreneurs/Managers -- 8 Accountability-Responsibility -- 9 Understanding the Assignment and Responsibilities -- 10 CSR, Corporate Social Responsibility -- 11 Leadership and Responsibility -- 12 Methodology -- 12.1 Case Area. , 12.2 Data Collection.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Experiences From Climate Change Research, Education and Studies -- 1 Introducing the International Climate Change Information Programme (ICCIP) -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Aims of the "International Climate Change Information Programme" -- 3 Target Groups -- 4 Activities -- 5 Partnership -- 6 Conclusions and Opportunities for Collaboration -- References -- 2 Educating Students and Their Future Employers to Minimise Environmental and Climate Impacts Through Cost-Effective Environmental Management Strategies -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Environmental Management Strategy in an Organisational Context -- 3 Environmental Management Strategy in a Learning, Teaching and Assessment Context -- 4 The Design of the Study -- 5 Environmental Management Strategy in the Module Context -- 6 The EVFM Framework -- 7 Cost-Effective Environmental Management Strategy -- 8 Self-funded Environmental Management Strategy in Practice -- 9 Impact and Implications of the Strategic Approach to Environmental Management Utilising the EVFM Framework -- 10 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Carbon Management Planning in UK Universities: A Journey to Low Carbon Built Environment -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Organisations and Carbon Management Planning -- 3 Research Methodology -- 4 Analysis and Results -- 4.1 Senior Management Leadership -- 4.2 Carbon Footprinting -- 4.2.1 Operational Boundaries -- 4.3 Carbon Reduction Targets -- 4.3.1 Types of Targets -- 4.3.2 Carbon Emissions Baseline -- 4.4 Stakeholder Engagement -- 4.4.1 Staff and Student Engagement -- 4.5 Funding and Resources -- 4.5.1 Sources of Funding -- 4.6 Governance -- 4.6.1 Responsibility -- 4.6.2 Communication -- 4.7 Evaluation and Reporting -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References. , 4 Understanding the Role of Networks in Stimulating Adaptation Actions on the Ground: Examples from Two African Case Studies -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background to the Cases -- 3 Eden District -- 4 Karonga District -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Climate Resilience Planning and Organizational Learning on Campuses and Beyond: A Comparative Study of Three Higher Education Institutions -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review and Methods -- 3 Case Study 1: Assessing and Planning for Resilience at Smith College -- 4 Case Study 2: Building Networks for Climate Resilience at Cornell University -- 5 Case Study 3: Collaborative Climate Action: Boston University and the Green Ribbon Commission -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Language and Climate Change: Towards Language of Sustainability in Promoting Climate Change Mitigation in Malawi -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Language and Sustainable Development -- 3 Climate Change Vulnerability, Mitigation and Adaption in Mulanje District -- 4 Research Description -- 5 Methodology -- 6 Limitations of the Study -- 7 Results and Discussions -- 7.1 Linguistic Adequacy of Language -- 7.1.1 Referential Adequacy -- 7.1.2 Social Adequacy -- 8 Conclusion -- 9 Way Forward -- References -- 7 Behavioural Approaches of Rural Women Farmers to Mitigation and Adaptation Measures of Climate Change in Abia State, Nigeria -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Objectives -- 3 Hypotheses -- 4 Problem Statement -- 5 Research Methodology -- 6 Method of Data Analysis -- 7 Hypotheses -- 8 Limitations of the Study -- 9 Results and Discussion -- 9.1 Socio-economic Characteristics of the Women Farmers -- 10 Perceived Effects of Climate Change in the Study Area -- 11 Adaptation Measures Practised by the Women in the Study Area. , 12 Farmers' Behavioural Responses to Adaptation Measures to Climate Change -- 13 Factors that Influence Farmers' Behavioural Approach to Adaptation Measures to Climate Change in the Study Area -- 14 Relationship Between the Adaptation Measures Practised by the Women and the Women's Behavioural Responses to Adaptation Measures to Climate Change in the Study Area -- 15 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Climate Change Impacts and Research in the Caribbean: Constraints, Opportunities and the Role of Tertiary Institutions -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vulnerability of Caribbean SIDS to Climate Change -- 3 Capacity Constraints of Caribbean SIDS -- 3.1 General Capacity Constraints -- 3.2 Impacts of Climate Change Further Erodes Resilience -- 3.3 Lack of Localised Data -- 4 Overview of Tertiary Institutions in the Region -- 4.1 University of the Bahamas and the Climate Change Initiative -- 4.2 University of West Indies: Climate Group -- 4.3 University of West Indies: Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies (CERMES) -- 4.4 University of Belize: Environmental Research Institute -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Greening Theatre Landscapes: Developing Sustainable Practice Futures in Theatre Graduates -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction: Theatre Practice and Climate Change Literacies -- 2 Australian Universities and Sustainability Education -- 3 Methodologies -- 3.1 Dust: Creative Development Methods -- 3.2 Dust as Ecocritical Discourse -- 3.3 Greening the Theatre: Production Methods -- 4 Movements in Greening Australian Theatre Practice -- 5 Results-Sustainable Theatre at Griffith University -- 5.1 LED Lighting -- 5.2 Design Considerations, Set Construction and Waste Restriction -- 5.3 Paperless Marketing Strategies -- 6 Outcomes -- 7 Conclusion -- References. , 10 Integrated Rainwater Harvesting Practices for Poverty Reduction Under Climate Change: Micro-Evidence from Ethiopia -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 3 Result and Discussions -- 4 Conclusion and Policy Implications -- Appendix 1 Estimation of Endogenous Switching Probit Model -- Conditional Expectations and Treatment Effects -- References -- 11 Impact of Renewable Technology on Lignocellulosic Material of Palm Fruit Fibre: Strategy for Climate Change and Adaptation -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction: Climate Change and Energy -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Sample Preparation -- 2.2 Experimental Procedure -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 Main Properties of Palm Fibre -- 3.2 Response Surface Methodology -- 3.3 Physical Characterization of Bio-Oil -- 3.4 Chemical Characterization of Bio-Oil -- 4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 Maize Yields in Varying Rainfall Regimes and Cropping Systems Across Southern Africa: A Modelling Assessment -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Site Descriptions -- 2.1.1 Chitala in Malawi -- 2.1.2 Chitedze in Malawi -- 2.1.3 Chimoio in Mozambique -- 2.1.4 Angonia in Mozambique -- 2.1.5 Marondera in Zimbabwe -- 2.1.6 Matopos in Zimbabwe -- 2.2 Cropping Systems Simulated -- 2.3 Labour Requirements of Different Cropping Systems to Determine When to Plant -- 2.4 Rainfall Season Type -- 2.5 Planting Date, End of Season and Season Length -- 2.6 DSSAT Ceres Maize Model -- 2.7 Calibration of the Model -- 2.8 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Rainfall Season Type -- 3.2 Planting Date -- 3.3 Season Length -- 3.4 Maize Grain Yield -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Effects of Rainfall Season Type on Maize Planting Date -- 4.2 Cropping System Effects on Planting Date -- 4.3 Season Type Effects on the Growing Season Length. , 4.4 Cropping System Effects on Growing Season Length -- 4.5 Season Type Effects on Maize Yield -- 4.6 Cropping System Effects on Maize Yield -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 13 Climate Change Education Trends in Canadian Post-secondary Educational Institutions (PSIs) -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Experiences and Lessons From Climate Change and Related Projects -- 14 Geospatial Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature Variations Effect on Maize (Zea Mays) Yield -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The Weather in the South-West -- 1.2 Maize Production in South-West Nigeria -- 1.3 Weather Variability of the South-West -- 1.4 Geospatial Analysis of Maize (Z. Mays) Yield -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Acquisition of Data -- 2.2 Study Area -- 2.3 Data Analysis -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Maps of Mean Annual Maize Yield for the Study Period -- 3.2 Geospatial Variation of Mean Annual Temperature and Mean Annual Maize Yield -- 3.3 Mean Annual Rainfall Variation and Mean Annual Maize Yield Variation -- 3.4 Correlation and Prediction of Future Maize Yields -- 3.5 Relation of Variables -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- 15 Climate Change Adaptation for Russian Cities: A Case Study of the Thermal Comfort Assessment -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Bioclimatic Indices -- 2.2 Study Area and Data -- 2.3 Software and Techniques -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Assessment Provided by the Heat Index -- 3.2 Assessment Provided by the Humidex -- 3.3 Assessment Provided by the Wind Chill Temperature Index -- 4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 16 Integrating Biofertilizers with Conservation Agriculture Can Enhance Its Capacity to Mitigate Climate Change: Examples from Southern Africa -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results and Analysis. , 3.1 Conservation Agriculture Impact on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Southern Africa.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Sustainable Development and Leisure Services: Changes and Trends -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Leisure from the Perspective of Social Responsibility -- 3 Leisure in the Perspective of Business Responsibility -- 4 Leisure in the Perspective of Responsibility for the Natural Environment -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Algorithmic Automation of Leisure from a Sustainable Development Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Leisure and the Perspective of Sustainable Development: Research Opportunities and Constraints -- 3 The Technological Transformation of Leisure (Algorithmic Automation) and Sustainable Development -- 4 From Leisure Society Theses to Civil Leisure and Emotional Labor in the Context of Sustainable Development -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- The Role of Leisure in Sustainable Development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Leisure Time and Sustainable Development in the Context of the Natural Environment -- 3 Leisure Time in the Context of Sustainable Consumption -- 4 Leisure Time in the Context of Work-Life Balance -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Leisure Activities and Recreation Facilities in Nigeria: Implications for Wholesome Community Health -- 1 Introduction: Overview of Community Health and Health Inequity -- 2 Conceptual Framework -- 3 Operationalisation of Research Construct into Variables -- 4 Theoretical Background -- 5 Addressing the Nigeria Situation -- 6 Conclusion and Recommendation -- References -- Leisure Activities and Loneliness Among People with Disabilities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Methods -- 3 Results -- 4 Conclusions -- Appendix -- References -- Physical Activity of Male and Female University Students as a Manifestation of Sustainable Development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material and Methods -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions. , References -- Selected Determinants of Recreational and Tourist Activity of the Inhabitants of Rural Communes of the Poznań Metropolis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Metropolitan Area -- 3 Material and Methods -- 4 Description of the Sample -- 5 Analysis of Recreational and Tourist Activity of the Inhabitants of Rural Communes of the Poznań Metropolis -- 6 Comparison of Tourist and Recreational Activity of the Inhabitants of Rural Communes and Other Inhabitants of the Poznań Metropolis -- 7 Analysis of Spatial Scope of Recreational and Tourist Activity of the Inhabitants of Rural Communes of the Poznań Metropolis -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Rural Community Prosperity Versus Tourism Progress: An Example of Sustainable Opportunities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Background: Effects of Community-Based Tourism on Rural Residents and Possible Partnerships -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Factor Analysis Findings -- 4.2 One-Factor Analysis of Variance Findings -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Leisure Industry and Hotels: The Importance of Wellness Services for Guests' Well-Being -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Wellness as an Aspect of Leisure Industry-Theoretical Background -- 2.1 The Definition of Wellness -- 2.2 Wellness Tourism-The Significant Aspect of the Travel Industry -- 2.3 The Definition of Well-Being -- 3 Wellness Services and Well-Being -- 4 Measuring Well-Being -- 5 Hotel Wellness Centres -- 5.1 The Quality of Services in Wellness Centres -- 5.2 The Motives of the Users of Wellness Services -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Contemporary Threats to the Development of Sustainable Urban Tourism -- 1 Introduction -- 2 City Tourism -- 3 Sustainable City Tourism -- 4 Contemporary Threats in Tourism -- 5 Empirical Examples of Potential Threats to the Functioning of Urban Tourist Destinations in the Context of Sustainable Tourism. , 5.1 Water Tourism Transport Service -- 5.2 Smog as an Assessment Element of Tourist Attractiveness -- 6 Assumptions of the Concept of Sustainable Urban Tourism Development Policy -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Rural Tourism and Its Contribution to Sustainable Development in Jyotisar, Kurukshetra (Haryana), India -- 1 Introduction: Rural Tourism and Sustainable Development -- 2 Leisure, Rural Tourism and Sustainability Relationship -- 3 Case of Jyotisar as a Rural Tourism Destination -- 4 Background Information of Respondents in Study Region -- 5 Awareness Regarding Rural Tourism in Jyotisar -- 6 Contribution of Rural Tourism in Sustainable Development in Jyotisar -- 7 Strategies to Promote Rural Tourism Destination -- 8 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Sustainable Development of Rural Tourist Settlements in Serbia: Building A Better Future for All -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Rural Tourism, Leisure and Sustainable Development -- 3 Poverty, Pro-Poor Tourism and Sustainability -- 4 Tourism as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Rural Serbia -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Typology of Hosts in Housing Tourism -- 1 Introduction -- 2 (Re) Definition of Rural -- 3 Multifunctionality and Rural Sustainability -- 4 Hosts of Housing Tourism Houses -- 5 Methodology -- 5.1 A Typology of Housing Tourism Hosts -- 6 Final Considerations -- References -- Glamping and the Development of Sustainable Tourism: A Portuguese Case Study -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sustainability and Sustainable Development -- 2.1 Concept of Sustainability and Sustainable Development -- 2.2 The Importance and Need for Tourism Awareness Programs -- 2.3 Tourism Sustainable Awareness Programmes -- 3 Sustainable Tourism -- 3.1 Concept of Sustainable Tourism and Its Evolution -- 3.2 Main Objectives and Advantages of Sustainable Tourism -- 3.3 Principles for the Development of Sustainable Tourism. , 3.4 Sustainable Tourism Practices -- 4 Glamping as a Mean of Development -- 4.1 Glamping Concept and Applications -- 4.2 Glamping Tourist Profile -- 4.3 Glamping as a Mean of Development -- 5 Five Glamping Sites in Portugal -- 5.1 Natura Glamping -- 5.2 Nomad Planet -- 5.3 Direction South -- 5.4 Bukubaki Eco Surf Resort -- 5.5 YMCA Camp Alambre Bungalows -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Ecotourism as a Core of Sustainability in Tourism -- 1 Introduction -- 2 History of the Concept and definitions-in Brief -- 3 Different Dimensions of Ecotourism -- 4 Ecotourist Profile -- 5 Problems and Challenges of Ecotourism Development -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Environmental Sensibility and Human Values as Factors for Forming European Ecotourist Market Segments -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ecotourism as Sustainable Form of Tourism -- 3 Motivation and Human Values -- 4 Segmentation Models -- 5 Methodology -- 6 Results -- 7 Socio-Demographic Characteristics -- 8 Geographical Distribution of Eco-Tourist Groups -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- A Systems Approach to Ecotourism, Leisure and Education in Panamá: A Case Study -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Batipa Field Institute -- 1.2 Oteima Technological University -- 2 Sustainability Education Through Ecotourism and Leisure -- 2.1 Systems Approach to Sustainable Ecotourism -- 3 Case Study -- 3.1 The Focus Group -- 4 Results: Demographic Data -- 5 Results: Qualitative Data -- 5.1 Document Analysis -- 5.2 Focus Group Data -- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- Religious Tourism and Sustainable Development: Perspectives from Hill States in India -- 1 Introduction: Sustainable Development, Tourism and Religious Tourism -- 2 Methodology and Data -- 3 Religious Tourism in India: Significance and Sustainability Concerns. , 4 Case of Religious Tourism in Hill States of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand -- 4.1 Tourism in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand -- 4.2 Impact of Tourism-Sustainability Concerns -- 4.3 Promoting Religious Tourism and Sustainable Development: Some Suggestions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Smart Tourism: Towards the Concept of a Data-Based Travel Experience -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experience as an Object of Tourist Demand -- 2.1 Tourist 'Digital Behavior' as a Data Source for Smart Destinations -- 2.2 Big Data Shift in Experience Management -- 2.3 Data-Driven, Context-Based Tourism Experience -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Social Media and Sustainable Tourism Marketing: Perceptions of Owners of Leisure-Related Enterprises Operating Within Viana do Castelo Littoral Geopark (Northwest Portugal) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Geographical Context: Viana do Castelo Littoral Geopark -- 5 Results and Analysis -- 6 Conclusions, Implications and Limitations -- References.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Implementing Climate Change Adaptation in Rural Areas and Communities -- 1 Implementing Climate Change Adaptation Interventions in Remote Outer Islands of the Pacific Island Region -- Background -- Methodology -- Implementing Climate Change Adaptation Activities in Pacific Outer Islands -- Managing Marine Resources in the Northern Group of the Cook Islands -- Providing Clean Drinking Water to Outer Island Communities in Kiribati -- Enhancing Water Security in the Outer Islands of FSM and Palau -- Protecting Low-Lying Atolls in the Marshall Islands -- Augmenting Food Security in the Islands of Tuvalu -- Discussion -- Adding New Technology and New Knowledge to Traditional Practices -- Meeting the High Cost of Climate Change Interventions in Outer Islands -- Effective Communication and Addressing the Required Behavioural Change -- Customising Development Indicators for Outer Islands -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 Customary Land and Climate Change Induced Relocation-A Case Study of Vunidogoloa Village, Vanua Levu, Fiji -- Introduction -- Method -- Focus of Vunidogola Relocation -- Dynamics of Land, Identity and Adaptation -- The Cultural-Spiritual Dimension of Resettlement -- Adaptation Limits-From a Governance and Funding Perspective -- Community Cohesion -- Awareness and Monitoring -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 Climate Change and Migration in the Maldives: Some Lessons for Policy Makers -- The Maldives: Geographic, Demographic and Climate Change Issues -- Research Design, Methodology, and Data Collection and Analysis -- Results and Key Findings -- Discussion -- Policy Recommendations -- Concluding Synthesis -- Research Limitations and Future Research -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Climate Change Adaptation, Resilience and Hazards. , 4 Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: The Mental Health Impact -- Introduction -- Experiences During an Extreme Weather Event -- Experiences During Recovery -- Main Lessons -- Limitations -- Prospects for Projects that Educate About Extreme Weather Events -- References -- 5 Preparing for Better Livelihoods, Health and Well-Being-A Key to Climate Change Adaptation -- Introduction -- Method -- Concurrent Convergence Parallel Triangulation Design -- Results -- Sample Characteristic -- Themes that Emerged in Survey, Interviews and FGD -- Discussion -- Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Model -- Preparing Kanokupolu, 'Ahau, Tukutonga, Popua and Manuka to Adapt -- Limitations -- Audience Benefit from the Model -- Conclusion -- Lesson Learnt -- Better Livelihood, Health and Well-Being-A Key to Climate Change Adaptation -- Model Production -- God Scriptures Fulfilled -- Community-Based Adaptation -- Future Research -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6 Climate-Friendly Adaptation Strategies for the Displaced Atoll Population in Yap -- Introduction -- Climate Stressors for Micronesia -- Cultivating Success Through Context-Specific Climate-Smart Adaptation Strategies -- Discussion -- Challenges and Constraints -- Conclusion -- Future Prospects -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Integrating Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in Vanuatu: The Art and Practice of Building Resilience to Hazards -- Introduction -- Methodology -- A Networking System Relying on CCA and DRR Interconnections to Build Resilience -- Institutionalised Networking Structure -- Social Networking Processes -- Establishment of Legal Foundations Supporting the Networking System -- Building Capacities to Process CCA and DRR Information and Expertise into Knowledge for Resilience-Building. , Cyclone Pam Preparedness and Management: An Example of Effective Resilience-Building Based on the Integration of Climate Change and Disaster Risks -- Integrating CCA, DRR and Resilience-Related Sustainable Development for More Effective DM -- The Particular Case of the Vanuatu Food Security and Agriculture Cluster -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Response of Marginopora vertebralis (Foraminifera) from Laucala Bay, Fiji, to Changing Ocean pH -- Introduction -- Methods -- Sample Collection -- Growth Assessments -- Results -- Seawater Chemistry -- Growth in M. vertebralis -- Other Observations -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- Future Research Topics -- References -- 9 The Role and Capacity of Government in a Climate Crisis: Cyclone Pam in Vanuatu -- Introduction -- Tropical Cyclone Pam -- Recovery Coordination and Management for Cyclone Pam -- Vanuatu's Disaster Risk Governance -- Approaches to Disaster Risk Governance in Vanuatu for TC Pam -- Way Forward -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 10 Response and Adaptation to Climate Change in the South China Sea and Coral Sea -- Introduction -- Data and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Responses of the Marine Environment in the SCS and CS to Climate Change -- Sea Surface Temperature (SST) -- Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) -- Chlorophyll-a -- Relationship of Annual Chlorophyll-a Concentrations to SST and SSS -- Review of Sea Level Rise and Ocean Acidification -- Impacts of and Adaptation to Climate Change in the SCS and CS -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 11 Drought Modelling Based on Artificial Intelligence and Neural Network Algorithms: A Case Study in Queensland, Australia -- Introduction -- Theoretical Framework -- Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index -- Artificial Neural Network -- Materials and Methods -- Study Regions and Climate Data. , ANN Model Development -- Statistical Evaluation of Model Performance -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 Adapting Climate Change Projections to Pacific Maritime Supply Chains -- Introduction and Contribution to Literature -- Pacific Climate Change Projections and Scenario Assumptions -- Climate Change Implications for Pacific Maritime Supply Chains -- Implications for Maritime Supply Chains -- Proposing a Tool and Screening Criteria to Resolve Stakeholder Uncertainty -- Conclusions -- References -- 13 Climate Change Adaptation in Pacific Countries: Fostering Resilience Through Gender Equality -- Introduction -- Objectives -- Rationale -- Research Methodology -- Limitations -- Findings -- Country Case Studies -- Project Review -- Discussion -- Policy -- Institutional Framework -- Implementation and Practice -- Knowledge Management -- Women's Participation and Leadership -- Next Steps -- Conclusion -- References -- 14 Urban Resilience to Climate-Related Disasters: Emerging Lessons from Resilience Policy and Practice in Coastal Tourism Cities -- Introduction -- The Need for this Research -- Methods -- Results -- The Nature of Extreme Weather Events -- Exposure -- Sensitivity -- Capacity Building and Resilience -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Appendix: Interviewee List -- References -- 15 Coastal Erosion Monitoring on Ouvea Island (New Caledonia): Involving the Local Community in Climate Change Adaptation -- Introduction -- Background -- Methodology -- Limitations and Constraints -- Developing and Disseminating Acquired Knowledge -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Information, Communication, Education and Training on Climate Change -- 16 Towards a Mega-Pacific Islands Education Curriculum for Climate Adaptation Blending Traditional Knowledge in Modern Curriculum -- Introduction. , Climate Change: Traditional Knowledge, Modern Science, and Perceptions -- Challenges and Opportunities for a Pacific Islands Climate Adaptation Curriculum -- Traditional Knowledge: Pedagogical Medium and Thematic Content -- Pacific Islands Climate Adaptation Education Attempts -- Methodology -- Limitations -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 17 Dynamic Adaptive Management Pathways for Drinking Water Security in Kiribati -- Introduction -- Aim of this Project -- The Capacity Building Approach -- Kiribati Outer Island Domestic Water Supplies -- Climate Analysis -- Temperature Increase -- Rainfall Increase -- Sea Level Rise -- Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources -- Increase Water Supply -- Reduced Water Supply -- Reduced Water Quality -- Increased Water Demand -- Responding Using the Dynamic Adaptive Management Pathways (DAMP) Approach -- Outcomes -- Conclusion -- References -- 18 Behind the Lens: First-Hand Images and Videos Collected by Communities That Document the Impact of Climate Change in Milne Bay, PNG -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Target Communities -- Equipment -- Activities -- Gender Evaluation -- Preliminary Results: Getting (or Not) Behind the Lens -- Next Steps -- Acknowledgements -- 19 A Case for Formal Education in the Technical, Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Sector for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction in the Pacific Islands Region -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Limitations -- The Pacific Policy Context-CCA and DRM/DRR Linkages -- The Global Policy Context-A Call for Capacity Building -- The National Policy Context -- Regional Accreditation of Qualifications-The Current Situation -- An Illustration of the Capacity Problems-A Case Study of the Federated States of Micronesia -- A Community Focused Approach -- Linkages with Economic Demands -- Concluding Remarks -- References. , 20 Piecing Together the Adaptation Puzzle for Small Island States.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change by Developing Promising Strategies Using Analogue Locations in Eastern and Southern Africa: A Systematic Approach to Develop Practical Solutions -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Goals and Objectives of the Project -- Methodology -- Stakeholders -- Outputs -- Identification and Biophysical Characterisation of the Temperature Analogue Locations in Kenya and Zimbabwe -- Identification of the Temperature Analogue Locations -- Socio-economic Characterisation of the Temperature Analogue Locations -- Quantification of the Performance of Crop, Soil and Water Management, and Crop Genotype Adaptation Options -- Implications of Both Current and Future Climate Change Production Risks at the Study Locations in Kenya and Zimbabwe -- Hands-on Training of Local Scientists and Local Communities -- PhD Research in the Frame of the CALESA Project -- The Final CALESA Conference -- Other Promotion and Dissemination Activities -- Some Lessons Learnt -- Adapting Agriculture Practices to Climate Change -- Farming Systems and Adoption Constraints -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Improving Livelihoods in Semi-arid Regions of Africa Through Reduced Vulnerability to Climate Variability and Promotion of Climate Resilience -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Key Interventions -- Expected Outputs from the Interventions -- Expected Outcomes of the Interventions -- Expected Impact -- Proposed Theory of Change -- Partnerships -- References -- 3 Climate Change Adaptation Planning in Kenya: Do Scientific Evidences Really Count? -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Results and Discussions -- Platforms for Knowledge Sharing on Climate Change -- Application of Scientific-Based Evidence in Adaptation Planning Process -- Conclusion and Recommendation -- Acknowledgment -- References. , 4 Situation Analysis of Climate Change Aspects in Kenya -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results and Discussion of the Projects Survey -- Projects in Selected CC Thematic Areas -- Projects in Selected Productive Sectors -- Adaptation Projects in Selected Productive Sectors -- Mitigation Projects in Selected Productive Sectors -- Capacity Building Projects in Selected Productive Sectors -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5 Seasonal Rainfall Variability and Drought Characterization: Case of Eastern Arid Region, Kenya -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- The Study Area -- Data Analyses -- Results and Discussion -- Homogeneity Testing -- Rainfall Seasonality Patterns -- Trend of the Rainfall Events -- Variability and Anomalies in Seasonal Rainfall Amount -- Variations in Rainfall Amounts and Number of Rainy Days -- Monthly Variations in Seasonal Rainfall Amounts and Number of Rainy Days -- Probability and Frequency of a Dry-Spells and Implications on Crop Productivity -- Conclusion and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Addressing the Potential Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Agricultural Crops and Water Resources in Pennar River Basin of Andhra Pradesh -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Site Description -- Results -- Model Evaluation -- Hydrological Model---SWAT -- Agricultural Model---EPIC -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 Grain Yield Responses of Selected Crop Varieties at Two Pairs of Temperature Analogue Sites in Sub-humid and Semi-arid Areas of Zimbabwe -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Site Description -- Experimental Design, Management and Data Collection -- Statistical Analysis -- Results -- Grain Yields at the Wetter Analogue Pair -- Grain Yields at the Drier Analogue Pair -- Discussion. , Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8 Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: An Evaluation of Yield Potential of Maize, Sorghum, Common Bean and Pigeon Pea Varieties in a Very Cool-Wet Region of Nyandarua County, Central Kenya -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Site -- Field Experiments -- Assessment of the Performance of Cereal and Legume Crop Varieties Under Very Cool Climate -- Determining the Effect of Water Conservation and Fertiliser Application on Productivity of Maize and Sorghum -- Determining the Effect of Water Conservation and Plant Population on Productivity of Common Bean and Pigeon Pea -- Results -- Performance of Crop Varieties -- Effect of Water Conservation and Nitrogen Fertiliser Application on Crop Yield -- Effect of Water Conservation and Plant Population on Crop Yield -- Discussion -- The Performance of Crop Varieties -- Effect of Water Conservation and Nitrogen Fertiliser Application on Crop Yield -- Effect of Water Conservation and Plant Population on Crop -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 An Assessment of Gender Sensitive Adaptation Options to Climate Change in Smallholder Areas of Zimbabwe, Using Climate Analogue Analysis -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results -- Characteristics of Households -- Crops Grown at Study Sites During the 2010/2011 Season -- Soil and Water Management Strategies Used by Households -- Discussion and Lessons Learned -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10 Impact of Climate Change and Adaptation Measures Initiated by Farmers -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Perception of Farmers About Changes in Rainfall and Temperature -- Coping Mechanisms Adopted by the Farmers Due to Climate Change -- Micro-level Implications of Climate Change. , Effects of Climate Change on Health Aspects of Farm Women -- Synergies of Climate Change -- Conclusions -- Reference -- 11 In Situ Soil Moisture Conservation: Utilization and Management of Rainwater for Crop Production -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Results -- Fanya Juu Terraces -- Contour Bunds -- Semi-circular Bunds (Hoops) -- Negarims -- Tied Ridges -- Trapezoidal Bunds -- Zai Pits -- Sub-soiling and Ripping -- Tumbukiza -- Deep Tillage -- Micro-catchments -- Discussion -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 Enhancing Food Production in Semi-arid Coastal Lowlands Kenya Through Water Harvesting Technologies -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Site Characterization -- Experiment 1 -- Experiment 2 -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 Opportunities for Coping with Climate Change and Variability Through Adoption of Soil and Water Conservation Technologies in Semi-arid Eastern Kenya -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Sites -- Crop Simulations Using APSIM Model and the Inputs -- Results and Discussion -- Maize Yields with and Without Fertilizers and Soil and Water Management Practice -- Maize Yields (kg/ha) with Farmers' Practice and Soil and Water Management Practice -- Application of Fertilizers and Use of Soil and Water Management Practices -- Conclusion -- References -- 14 Adoption of Water Resource Conservation Under Fluctuating Rainfall Regimes in Ngaciuma/Kinyaritha Watershed, Meru County, Kenya -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Area -- Data Collection -- Data Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Rainfall Trends for the Period 1986--2008 -- Perceived Indicators of Sustainable Water Conservation Practices -- Adoption Level of WC Practices and Constraints. , Correlation Analysis of Adoption Level of WC Practices and Selective Variables -- Conclusion and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 15 Effects of Integration of Irrigation Water and Mineral Nutrient Management in Seed Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Production on Water, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficiencies -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Potato Growth in the Field -- Water and Nutrient Use Efficiencies -- Water Use Efficiency -- Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficiency -- Data Analysis -- Results -- Soil Analysis and Climatic Data -- Water Use Efficiency -- Nitrogen Use Efficiency -- Phosphorus Use Efficiency -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 16 Integrating Farmers and Scientific Methods for Evaluating Climate Change Adaptation Options in Embu County -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Site Location and Description -- Experimental Design -- Data Analysis -- Results -- Farmer's Evaluation on Treatment Performance -- Treatment Score by Gender -- Field Experiment Results -- Combination Effect -- Discussions -- Farmer's Evaluation on Treatment Performance -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 17 On-Station Evaluation of Maize Genotypes for Nutrient and Water Use Efficiency in the Semi Arid Lands of Coastal Kenya -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Area -- Experimental Procedures -- Data Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Recommendation and Way Forward -- References -- 18 Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) Yield Performance under Elevated Dry Season Temperatures as an Adaptation to Climate Change in Tabora, Tanzania -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Area -- Climatic Conditions During Tomato Growing Period in Tabora, Region -- Field Experiments -- Results of the Field Experiment. , On-Farm Tomato Yield Performance Results.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Part I: Climate Change and Socio-Economic Issues -- Chapter 2: Livelihood Vulnerability and Displacement in Coastal Bangladesh: Understanding the Nexus -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Selection of Study Area, Respondents and Survey Procedures -- Approaches to Study and the Research Instruments -- Result and Discussion -- Socio-demographic Profiles of the Respondents -- Impacts of Hydro-meteorological Disasters on Livelihood Security -- Causes of Livelihood Insecurity and Mass Displacement -- Linking Livelihood Vulnerability and Forced Migration -- Preferred Measures to Reduce Livelihood Insecurity and the Occurrence of Forced Migration -- Effectiveness of Measures to Discourage Forced Migration -- Analysis, Policy Implications and the Limitations of the Research -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: The Application of the Macroeconomics Analysis of Climate Changes Model (MACC-Model) in China: Floods -- Introduction -- Economic Modeling in the Analysis of Climate Change -- Classic Economic Modeling in the Analysis of Climate Change -- The Macroeconomics Analysis of Climate Change Model -- The National Climate Change Vulnerability Rate (OmegaT) -- The Climate Change Magnitude Rate (Pi) -- The Economic Desgrowth (delta) -- The Climate Change Surface (CC Surface) -- The Macroeconomics Analysis of Climate Change Model: The Case of China -- The Climate Change Growth Rates (αi) -- China´s Climate Change Vulnerability Rate (OmegaT): Max and Min -- The Climate Change Magnitude Rate (II) -- The Economic Desgrowth (delta) -- Conclusions and Policy Implications -- References -- Chapter 4: Kastom, Climate Change and Intergenerational Democracy: Experiences from Vanuatu -- Introduction -- The Urgent Problem -- Vanuatu and Climate Change -- Kastom -- The Tabwemasana Project -- Methods. , Limitations -- Results -- Area of Highest Concern -- Community Concern About Climate Change -- Timeframe of Climate Change Effects -- Changes Attributable to Climate Change -- Areas of Impact -- Kastom: Traditional Ways in a Contemporary World -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Urban Poor Women and Climate Change in India: Enhancing Adaptive Capacity Through Communication for Development -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Development of the Communication Module -- Results -- Profile of the Respondents -- Assessment of Change in Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior After the Communication Intervention -- Changes in Awareness to Climate Change -- Change in Knowledge of Women About Climate Change and Related Issues -- Causes of Climate Change -- Impacts of Climate Change -- Mitigation Strategies for Dealing with Climate Change -- Adaptation Strategies to Deal with Climate Change with Special Emphasis on Water Management at the Household Level -- Changes in Attitude of Women -- Climate Change -- Causes of Climate Change -- Impacts of Climate Change -- Change in Behavioral Intent -- Mitigation Strategies -- Water Linked Adaptation Strategies -- Change in Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of Women to Climate Change -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Local Community Perception of Climate Change and Scientific Validation: A Review of Initiatives and Perspectives in... -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Linking Ecosystems, Community Knowledge and Climate Change in India -- Coastal Ecosystems -- Sundarbans -- Himalaya -- Community Response and Interventions -- Coastal Ecosystems (Gulf of Mannar, India and the False Trevally (Lactarius lactarius) -- Sundarbans -- Western Himalaya -- Water -- Agriculture -- Biodiversity -- Power -- Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 7: Managing Environmental Migration to Improve Economic and Social Outcomes in Developing Asia and Pacific -- Introduction -- An Urbanizing Region at Risk -- Using Migration as a Tool of Adaptation -- Adapting and Building Resilience -- Facilitating Movement -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Urban Environmental Governance: Bangladesh as a Case in Point -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Urban Environmental Governance Discourses: A Brief Review -- Case Study: Bangladesh -- Environmental and Demographic Context -- Urbanisation: A Driver of Environmental Change -- Environmental Governance in Bangladesh -- Institutional Governance and Political Context -- National Environmental Legislations and Policy -- Systemic Barriers Constraining Urban Environmental Governance -- Discussion -- Pathways for Transforming Urban Environmental Governance -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: The Economic Value of Cyclonic Storm-Surge Risks: A Hedonic Case Study of Residential Property in Exmouth, Western ... -- Introduction -- Method -- Correction for Auto-Correlation -- Limitations -- Results -- Risk Variables -- Other Variables -- Discussion -- Cyclone Vance Effect -- Policy Implications -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Understanding the Role of Trust in Network-Based Responses to Disaster Management and Climate Change Adaptation in... -- Introduction -- Understanding Trust and Networks: An Historical Perspective -- Understanding Trust and Collaborative Networks in Disaster Management -- Trust and Disaster Management in the Asia Pacific Region -- A Theoretical Framework for Understanding Trust -- Obstacles to Trust Development -- Building Trust -- Building Trust in Disaster Response Networks in the Asia-Pacific Region -- Recommendations -- Emphasising a Common Goal and Shared Identity -- Understanding Cultural Values. , Attending to Message Framing -- Build Trust Early and Repeatedly -- Explore Metrics for Trust -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11: Local Adaptation to Climate Change: A Case Study Among the Indigenous Palaw´ans in the Philippines -- Introduction -- The Village of Panalingaan, Rizal, Palawan -- Methodology -- Results -- Local Perceptions of Climatic Change -- Increased Intensity of Heat and Rain -- Decreasing Forest Products Productivity -- Local Adaptation to Climate Change -- Discussion -- Transformability, Resilience, and Adaptability -- Local Institutions as Social Networks -- Conclusion -- Future Prospects -- References -- Part II: Policy and Technology Responses -- Chapter 12: Managing ``Climate Migration´´ in Mongolia: The Importance of Development Policies -- Introduction -- Dzud and Migration -- The Causes of Migration -- Climate Change -- Regime Change -- Policy Levers to Address Migration -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Climate Change and Adaptation Challenges in the Pacific -- Introduction -- Scope and Methodology -- Climate Modelling: Climate Change Extremes and Scenarios in the Pacific -- Cyclone Risk -- Sector Impact Assessment -- Agriculture Sector -- Marine and Coastal Resources -- Tourism -- Health -- Economic Impact Assessment -- Economics of Adaptation in the Pacific -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: The Strategic Partnerships on Climate Change in Asia-Pacific Context: Dynamics of Sino-U.S. Cooperation -- Introduction -- The Natural, Social Impacts and Security Concerns of Climate Change -- United States -- Possible Impacts to U.S. Security -- China -- Examples of Serious Environmental Degradation in China -- Countermeasures and Preventive Measures to Tackle Climate Change -- The U.S. and China Strategic Partnerships on Climate Change. , Climate and Energy Cooperation under the Strategic and Economic Dialogue -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15: Strengthening Climate Change Adaptation in Nepal: Needs and Perspectives -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Approach -- Research Sites and Participants -- Research Methods and Analysis -- Limitations of the Study -- Findings -- Temperature and Rainfall Trend -- Impact of Climate Change on Different Livelihood Resources -- Socio-economic Context -- Capacity to Cope and Adapt -- Challenges to Implementing an Adaptation Programme -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: Climate Change Policy and Sustainable Energy Development in Fiji: Implications to Pacific Island States -- Introduction -- Fiji´s National Climate Change Policy -- The Current Energy Status of Fiji -- Energy Mix for Power Generation in Fiji -- Renewable Energy Development in Fiji -- Hydropower -- Wind -- Solar PV -- Biomass and Biofuel -- Biogas -- Geothermal Resources -- The Fiji National Energy Policy -- Comparing the FNCCP and FNEP -- Possible Solutions to the Policy Mismatch -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 17: Building Resilience to Climate Change Impacts and Socioeconomic Attributes of Rural Households in Solomon Islands -- Introduction -- Study Sites -- Sairaghi Project -- Naro Project -- Oibola Project -- Materials and Methods -- Results and Discussions -- Sairaghi, Western Province -- Naro, Guadalcanal Province -- Oibola, Malaita Province -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 18: The Significance of Contextual Vulnerability in Effective Adaptation to Climate Change on Tuvalu -- Introduction -- Contextual Vulnerability to Address Adaptation Needs -- Vulnerability and Risk for Funafuti Households -- Contaminated Water Resources -- Changing Precipitation Patterns -- Pre-Existing Inequalities Reflect in Water Access. , Defining a Vulnerability Threshold.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Understanding Climate Change Hazards -- Hydrometeorological Analysis of an Extreme Flash-Flood: The 28 September 2012 Event in Murcia, South-Eastern Spain -- Introduction -- The Study Region -- The Hydrometeorological Episode: A Brief Description -- Analysis of the San Wenceslao Flash-Flood -- Observed Databases and Precipitation Analysis -- Basin Response and Hydrological Modelling -- Anthropogenic Impacts on the Basin Response -- Kinematics of the San Wenceslao Flash-Flood -- Storm Movement and Soil Variability: Impact on the Hydrological Response -- Conclusions -- References -- A Multiple Linear Regression-Based Approach for Storm Surge Prediction Along South Brazil -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge -- Meteorological Data and the Mapping of the Cyclones' Paths -- Statistical Analysis and Data Filtering -- Extreme Data Analysis -- Results -- Analysis of the ADCP Data-Itapocorói Bay -- The Cyclones' Path -- Partial Serial Correlation (PSC) and Time Lag Multiple Linear Regression (TLMLR) -- Analysis of Positive and Negative Events Separately -- Validation of the Methodology -- Historical Analysis of Storm Surge -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Hydrodynamic Study of Free Standing Drilling Riser Under Hurricane Conditions -- Introduction -- Problem Statement -- Free Standing Drilling Riser -- Studies Conducted on Free Standing Drilling Riser (FSDR) -- API Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser System (API-RP 16Q) -- Hurricane -- Hurricane Generated Sea State -- Hurricane Generated Waves -- Hurricane Generated Swell -- Research Methodology -- Procedures to Develop the Functional Relationship Between Emergency Disconnection Location and Lateral Displacement of FSDR. , Procedures to Identify the Optimum Emergency Disconnection Location Along Drilling Riser Line in Technical Terms -- Procedures to Develop the Functional Relationship Between Saffir Simpson Scale Storm Maximum Significant Wave Height and Lateral Displacement of FSDR -- Procedure to Determine the Effect of Hurricane Generated Swell on Hydrodynamic Response of FSDR -- Results for Determination of Functional Relationship Between Emergency Disconnection Location and Lateral Displacement of FSDR -- Results for Determination of Optimum Emergency Disconnection Location Along Riser Line in Technical Terms -- Results for Determination of Functional Relationship Between Saffir Simpson Scale Maximum Significant Wave Height and Lateral Displacement of FSDR -- Results for Determination of Hydrodynamic Response of FSDR Under Hurricane Generated Swell -- Conclusion -- References -- Assessing Contribution of Climate Change on Wetlands by Using Multi-temporal Satellite Data -- Introduction -- Data and Methodology Used -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- City-scale Modeling of Urban Heat Islands for Kolkata -- Introduction -- Health Impacts of UHI -- Methods and Materials -- Study Area -- Preparation of Spatial Database -- Population Distribution -- Modeling of UHI Susceptibility -- Preparation of UHI Inventory Map and Training and Validation Dataset -- AHP Model -- Kernel Logistic Regression -- SVM Model -- SMCE Model -- Model Evaluation and Assessment -- Contribution measures for UHI Susceptibility -- Results and Discussion -- AHP Model and UHI Zonation -- KLR Model and UHI Zonation -- SVM Model and UHI Zonation -- SMCE Model and UHI Zonation -- Performances of City-scale UHI Models -- Assessment and Comparison of City-scale UHI Models -- Applicability of the Models and Priority Voting Ensemble of Contributing Factors. , Conclusion -- References -- GIS Hazard Assessments as the First Step to Climate Change Adaptation -- Introduction -- Study Area -- Methods -- Index Distribution -- Management Considerations -- Conclusions -- References -- Landscape Ecology and Conservation for Building Resilience and Adaptation to Global Change in Venezuela -- Introduction -- Conceptual Theoretical Framework About the Landscape Analysis -- Landscape Ecology: Spatial Patterns and Dynamics of Changes -- Modelling of Climate Change Scenarios -- Conservation and Adaptation -- Methodological Contributions for Building Resilience -- Building Resilience -- Conclusions -- References -- Influence of Vegetation in the Creation of Urban Microclimates -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results and Discussions -- Strategies -- Conclusions -- References -- Preliminary Evaluation of Emergency Shelters for Disasters Associated with Landslides at the Hydrographic Basin of Corrego D'Antas, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil -- Introduction -- The Socio-Environmental Disasters Associated with Landslide and the Reduction of Vulnerability Through Emergency Shelters (ES's) -- Emergency Shelters (ES) -- Study Area -- Methodology for Constructing a ES Evaluation Coefficient -- Calculation of ECES-CD and Classification of Shelters -- ECES-CD Application Methodology -- Results -- Conclusion -- References -- Assessment of Carbon Sequestration Potential of a Disturbed Humid Tropical Ecosystem, Southeast Nigeria -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Sample Collection -- Determination of Carbon Stock of the Woody Species -- Statistical Analysis -- Major Limitations of This Research -- Results and Discussion -- Ecological Characteristics of the Study Area -- Carbon Sequestration Across Land Use Categories -- Relationship Between Ecological Characteristics and Carbon Sequestered by Tree Species. , Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Flash-Floods: More Often, More Severe, More Damaging? An Analysis of Hydro-geo-environmental Conditions and Anthropogenic Impacts -- Introduction: Peculiarities of Flash Floods and the Question of Anthropogenic Effects -- Effects of Climate Warming -- Effects of Altered Land Use and Land Cover -- Effects of Engineering Measures Along the River Course and Within the Catchment -- Case Study: The Extreme Braunsbach Flash Flood, 29th May, 2016 -- Description of the Affected Region -- Rainfall Conditions -- Discharge Situation -- Geomorphological Analysis -- Damage Analysis -- Intensified Rainfall as a Consequence of Global/Regional Warming -- Land Use, Land Cover and Land Surface Conditions -- Constructions Along the River Course and Within the Catchment -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Landslide Hazard Induced by Climate Changes in North-Eastern Romania -- Introduction -- Landslides in Northeastern Romania -- Climate Change Scenarios -- Methods -- Forecasting the Influence of Climate Change for Landslide Hazard -- Conclusions -- References -- Objective Analysis of Envelope Curves for Peak Floods of European and Mediterranean Flash Floods -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- The EuroMedeFF Database -- Use of Quantile Regression for Derivation of Flash Flood Envelope Curves -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Treatment of Natural Hazards Within Planning Documents in Serbia in Relation to Climate Change Issues -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Planning and Natural Hazards in Serbia -- Treatment of Natural Hazards Within the Planning Documents in Serbia -- The Case of the Kolubara Lignite Basin -- Conclusions and Recommendations for Planning Policy -- References -- Occurrence and Characteristics of Flash Floods in Bavaria (Germany) -- Introduction. , The Flash Flood Events in May and June 2016 in Bavaria -- Flash Flood Identification Based on Discharge Measurements -- Selection of Suitable Gauging Stations -- Flood Identification from Discharge Time Series -- Determination of Flash Flood Events -- Occurrence and Characteristics of Flash Floods in Bavaria -- Flash Flood Occurrence and Frequency -- Classification into the European Context -- Seasonal Distribution of Flash Floods -- Flash Flood Magnitude and Speed -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Ozone Layer Holes, Regional Climate Change and Possible Ways for Their Forecasting -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Ozone Layer and Ozone Hole -- Ozone and Its Influence on Earth's Ecosystem -- Regional Climate -- Climate Change and Total Ozone -- Regional Hazards and Their Prediction -- Statistical Assessment of Total Ozone and Surface Temperature Correlation -- Case study 1: The Ozone Mechanisms on the Territory of Belarus -- Case study 2: The Ozone Mechanism and Sudden Stratospheric Warming in February 2018 -- Conclusion -- References -- The Protective Role of Forests to Reduce Rockfall Risks and Impacts in the Alps Under a Climate Change Perspective -- Protection Forests -- Managing Protection Forests Against Rockfall Hazard -- Managing Protection Forests Under Climate Change -- Conclusions -- References -- Handling the Impacts of Climate Hazards via Adaptation Methods and Options -- Towards a Prioritized Climate Change Management Strategy: A Revisit to Mitigation and Adaptation Policies -- Introduction -- Climate Change Management Policies: A Dilemma Between Two Choices -- Mitigation Policy -- Adaptation Policy: From a Dilemma to Choice -- Contextualizing Adaptation Priority -- Benefits of Adaptation Priority -- Conclusion -- References -- Urban Heat Island Effect, Extreme Temperatures and Climate Change: A Case Study of Hong Kong SAR. , Introduction.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Acronyms -- 1 Overview of the Indigenous Situation in the Pan-Amazonia Region: A Brief Introduction -- Part I Indigenous Peoples in Amazonia: Territorial Context, Land Management, and Rights -- 2 A Voice in the Development of Amazonia: The Constitutional Rights to Participation of Indigenous Peoples -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Background -- 2.3 The Right to FPIC in International Law -- 2.4 Meaning of FPIC -- 2.5 Constitutional and Federal Rights for Indigenous Peoples -- 2.6 FPIC in Practice: Case Studies -- 2.7 Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- 3 Indigenous Land Rights in Brazil: Challenges and Barriers to Land Demarcation -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Brief History of the Occupation of the Brazilian Territory -- 3.3 Evolution of Indigenous Territorial Rights -- 3.4 Procedure for Demarcation of Indigenous Lands -- 3.4.1 Identification Studies -- 3.4.2 Approval of the Report by FUNAI and Publication -- 3.4.3 Questioning the Findings of the Report -- 3.4.4 Statement of Limits of the Indigenous Land and Physical Delimitation -- 3.4.5 Homologation -- 3.4.6 Registry -- 3.5 Challenges and Obstacles to the Consolidation of Indigenous Territorial Rights -- 3.5.1 Extensive and Bureaucratic Procedures -- 3.5.2 Concept of Traditionally Occupied Land -- 3.5.3 Political Control -- 3.5.4 Lack of a Unique Rural Land Registration Data Center -- 3.5.5 Land Conflicts -- 3.5.6 Law Suits -- 3.5.7 Pressure and Threats -- 3.5.8 Proposals for Amendment of the Existing Legislation -- 3.6 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Reviewing Amazonian Countries Policies for the Protection of Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation and Initial Contact (IPVIIC) and Its Implications for Territorial Dynamics and Indigenous Peoples' Development in Amazonia -- 4.1 Background. , 4.2 Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation and Initial Contact in the Amazon -- 4.3 Amazonian Indigenous Peoples and European Contact -- 4.4 The Origins of the Twentieth Century Public Policies on IPVIIC in the Amazon -- 4.5 A Characterization of Amazonian Countries' Legislation on IPVIIC -- 4.6 Amazonian Protected Areas and IPVIIC -- 4.7 The Contribution of Amazonian Indigenous People's Organizations -- 4.8 The Proposal for Managing Landscapes of Multiple Rights as IPVIIC Corridors -- 4.9 Main Findings -- 4.10 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 5 Indigenous Land Management, Ecological Restoration and Ethno-Ecotourism Development: The Environmental Role and Empowerment of the Fakcha Llakta Community in Ecuador -- 5.1 Introduction: "Ecology of Knowledge" in the New Ecuadorian Constitution and the Development of Community Ecotourism -- 5.2 Environmental History of the Indigenous Rural Community -- 5.3 Ecological Restoration Actions by the Fackha Llakta Community in the Peguche Waterfall Protected Forest (PWPF): Toward an Ethno-Ecotourism Development -- 5.4 Construction of Irrigation Canals (1975): Fakcha Llakta Community Dealing with River Water Contamination -- 5.5 Endemic Species of Great Tourism Value -- 5.6 The Archaeological Tourism Spots of Peguche: Visitors' Experiences of an Indigenous Colonial Period -- 5.7 Strengthening Fakcha Llakta Community Ethno-Ecotourism: A Partnered Project that Began in 2003 Supported by the United Nations, the Ecuadorian Foundation for Social Development (FUNEDES) and Several Local and International Volunteers -- 5.7.1 Along the Water Canal and Jatun Yacu River: The Creation of Rest, Recreational, Camping, Cooking, and Socialization Zones. , 5.8 Recovery of the Peguche Waterfall Protected Forest and Sustainable Management of Environmental Services: The Construction of the Interpretation Center, Trails, and Renovation of the Signage -- 5.8.1 Ethnobotanical Garden Area -- 5.8.2 Reforestation Area -- 5.9 Final Considerations -- References -- 6 Ecotourism in the Yanomami Land: A Proposal for Territorial Management and Indigenous Ethnodevelopment -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Yanomami Indigenous Land (Maturacá Region) -- 6.3 Historical and Current Context of Tourism Development in Yaripo -- 6.4 Yaripo Visit Plan Design and Implementation: Yanomami Governance in Ecotourism -- 6.5 Final Considerations -- References -- 7 New Territorialities and Collective Ethnic Identities in the Brazilian Amazon Frontier, Rondonia State: Surui Paiter, Arara, and Gavião Indigenous Communities' Land Claims and Alternative Cultural Landscapes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Tupian Peoples' Outstanding Presence in South America -- 7.2 The Expansion of the Frontier in the Amazon and Its Reverberations Among the Rain Forest Indigenous Peoples -- 7.3 Collective Ethnic Identities in Brazil's Ecological Heartland -- 7.4 Final Remarks -- References -- 8 The Process of Tourism Transition and the Tourism Social Contract in Indigenous Territory: The Case of the Nova Esperança Indigenous Community (Rio Cuieiras, Brazil) -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Principles and Realities Regarding Tourism in Indigenous Territories -- 8.3 Tourism Structures, Power Structures: The Case of the Nova Esperança Indigenous Community -- 8.3.1 Some Reflections on the Tourism Process -- 8.4 Final Considerations -- References -- 9 Ayahuasca Lodges in the Peruvian Amazon: A Valid Alternative for Ethno-development? -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Ethno-Development: Some Tools to Study the Ayahuasca Tourism. , 9.3 Exploitation of Rubber and Ayahuasca: Intertwined Tales -- 9.4 Ayahuasca and Tourism -- 9.5 Consequences for Local Communities -- 9.6 Final Remarks -- References -- 10 Alleluia and the Akawaio: The Spiritual Geography of a Highland Revitalization Movement -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The Spiritual Geography of Landscape -- 10.3 Physical and Human Geography of Guyana -- 10.4 Akawaio Spiritual Ontology: The First Steady State -- 10.5 Period of Individual Stress -- 10.6 Period of Cultural Change -- 10.7 Period of Revitalization -- 10.8 New Steady State -- 10.9 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Indigenous Higher Education at Insikiran Institute of Roraima: The Challenges of Social Participation and the Interculturalization of Knowledge in the Northernmost Amazonia -- 11.1 Conceptualization of Indigenous Issues: From Territorial Disputes, Ethnicism, Ethnic Inequalities to Higher Education Placements -- 11.2 Indigenous Higher Education in Brazil: General Aspects -- 11.3 Constitutional Advances of 1988, Indigenous Territorial and Educational Issues: The Need of Progressing Further in an Ethnically Grounded Higher Education -- 11.4 Roraima State, Indigenous Lands, and Higher Education of Original Peoples -- 11.5 Education and Schools in Indigenous Lands -- 11.6 Indigenous Higher Education-The Role of Insikiran -- 11.7 Advancing Social Participation and the Interculturalization of Knowledge: Addressing the Challenges in Indigenous Education -- 11.8 Final Consideration -- References -- Part II Indigenous Lands and Peoples: Conservation and Ecological Aspects -- 12 Indigenous Participation in the Native Seed Market: Adapting Ethnic Institutions for Ecological Restoration in the Southeastern Amazon -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Contrasts and Conflicts: Deforestation in the Southeastern Amazon -- 12.3 Community-Based Restoration in the Southeastern Amazon. , 12.4 Indigenous Participation in Native Seeds Production -- 12.5 Local Knowledge and Innovation for Native Seed Production -- 12.6 Holistic Indigenous Knowledge Aspects of Native Seed -- 12.7 Community Organization: Indigenous Associations' Roles -- 12.8 Native Seed Production Outcomes -- 12.9 Community Livelihood Outcomes from Seed Production -- 12.10 Conclusions -- References -- 13 Cosmology as Indigenous Land Conservation Strategy: Wildlife Consumption Taboos and Social Norms Along the Papuri River (Vaupes, Colombia) -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Methods and Materials -- 13.2.1 Data Gathering Techniques and Analytic Framework -- 13.2.2 Community Living Experience -- 13.2.3 Participant Observation and Field Diary Register -- 13.2.4 Group of 12 Hunters -- 13.3 Results -- 13.4 Site Description -- 13.4.1 The Community -- 13.4.2 Recent History of the Community -- 13.5 Kumua Places, Traditional Ceremonies, and Regulations Related to Wildlife -- 13.5.1 The Maloka, House of Origin -- 13.5.2 Home Mambeadero -- 13.5.3 Yuruparí and Yage Use -- 13.5.4 Dabucuris Seasonal Abundance Celebrations -- 13.5.5 Ecological Calendars -- 13.6 Diets, Taboos, and Other Local Regulations About the Use of Wild Fauna -- 13.7 Final Considerations -- References -- 14 The Non-human Borderlands: Engaging with Ecological Justice and Indigenous Rights in Amazonia -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Conservation in Amazonia -- 14.3 Indigenous People and Conservation -- 14.4 Two Main Camps in Conservation -- 14.4.1 Anthropocentric Position -- 14.4.2 Ecocentric Position -- 14.4.3 Bottlenecks in Conservation Ethics -- 14.5 Points of Reconciliation -- 14.6 Conclusion -- References -- 15 Biodiversity and Knowledge Associated with the Wapishana People's Language: An Ethnolinguistic-Territorial and Conservation Case Study in the Amazon -- 15.1 Introduction. , 15.2 Classification of the Plants in the Wapishana Language and Culture's Logic.