Note: Intro -- Preface -- Why This Book? -- Contents -- References -- Contents -- About the Editors -- 1 Turin Papyrus Map and Historical Background of Geological Work in Egypt -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Turin Papyrus -- 1.3 Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman Activities -- 1.4 From Bonaparte to the End of the Nineteenth Century -- 1.5 1896 to 1950 -- 1.6 Since 1950 -- 1.7 Future Trends -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 The Egyptian Nubian Shield Within the Frame of the Arabian-Nubian Shield -- Abstract -- 2.1 Formation and Amalgamation of Gondwana Supercontinent -- 2.2 Orogens that Shaped the Greater Gondwana -- 2.2.1 The West- African-Brasiliano Orogeny -- 2.2.2 The Damara-Zambesi-Lufilian Orogeny -- 2.2.3 The East African Orogeny -- 2.2.4 Kuunga Orogeny -- 2.3 The Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS) -- 2.3.1 Geology of the Arabian-Nubian Shield -- 2.3.2 Ophiolites of the Arabian-Nubian Shield -- 2.3.3 How Juvenile Is the Arabian-Nubian Shield? -- 2.3.4 Accretion and Thickening in the Arabian-Nubian Shield -- 2.3.5 Tectonic Models of the Arabian-Nubian Shield -- 2.4 The Egyptian Nubian Shield -- 2.4.1 The South-Eastern Desert (SED) -- 2.4.2 The Central Eastern Desert (CED) -- 2.4.3 The Northern Eastern Desert (NED) -- 2.4.4 The Egyptian Nubian Shield in Sinai -- 2.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3 Rock Succession in Egyptian Nubian Shield -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Brief Classification of the Egyptian Basement Rocks -- 3.2.1 Stratigraphical Classification of Precambrian Rocks (Geosynclinal Concept) -- 3.2.2 Structural Classification -- 3.3 History of Pan-African -- 3.4 General Description of the Rock Units Constituting the Basement Complex -- 3.4.1 Gneiss Assemblages -- 3.4.2 Age of the Gneissic Rocks -- 3.5 Pan-African Rock Assemblages -- 3.5.1 Ophiolites -- 3.5.2 Age of Ophiolites -- 3.5.3 Age of the Metavolcanics. , 3.5.4 Dokhan Volcanics -- 3.5.4.1 Post-Hammamat Felsite -- 3.5.4.2 Age of the Dokhan Volcanics -- 3.5.5 Hammamat Group -- 3.5.5.1 Age of the Hammamat Sediments -- 3.5.6 Ultrabasic-Basic Intrusions -- 3.5.6.1 Ages of Ultrabasic-Basic Intrusions -- 3.5.7 Granites -- 3.5.7.1 Age of the Older Granitoids -- 3.5.7.2 Age of the Younger Granitoids -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 The Sinai Metamorphic Complexes from Rodinia Rifting to the Gondwana Collision -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Sinai Metamorphic Complexes -- 4.2.1 Lithology, Setting, and Protoliths of the Feiran-Solaf Metamorphic Complex (FSMC) -- 4.2.2 Lithology, Setting, and Protoliths of the Taba Metamorphic Complex (TMC) -- 4.2.3 Lithology, Setting, and Protoliths of the Kid Metamorphic Complex (KMC) -- 4.2.4 Lithology, Setting, and Protoliths of the Sa'al-Zaghara Metamorphic Complex (SZMC) -- 4.3 Structural Setting of Sinai Metamorphic Complexes -- 4.3.1 Structure of the Feiran-Solaf Complex -- 4.3.2 Structure of the Taba Metamorphic Complex -- 4.3.3 Structure of the Kid Metamorphic Complex -- 4.3.4 Structure of the Sa'al-Zaghara Metamorphic Complex -- 4.4 Metamorphic Conditions and Pressure-Temperature Paths in the Sinai Complexes -- 4.4.1 Metamorphism of Feiran-Solaf Metamorphic Complex -- 4.4.2 Metamorphism of Taba Metamorphic Complex -- 4.4.3 Metamorphism of Kid Metamorphic Complex -- 4.4.4 Metamorphism of Sa'al-Zaghara Metamorphic Complex -- 4.5 Geochronology of the Events in the Sinai Metamorphic Complexes -- 4.5.1 Geochronology of the Feiran-Solaf Metamorphic Complex -- 4.5.2 Geochronology of the Taba Metamorphic Complex -- 4.5.3 Geochronology of the Kid Metamorphic Complex -- 4.5.4 Geochronology of the Sa'al-Zaghara Metamorphic Complex -- 4.6 Discussion -- 4.6.1 Age Relations Between the Sinai Metamorphic Complexes -- 4.6.2 P-T Paths of the Sinai Metamorphic Complexes. , 4.6.3 Metamorphic Events and Their Relationship to Deformation -- 4.7 500 Myr in One Tectonic Model: A Summary -- 4.7.1 Rodinia Breakup (1100-838 Ma) -- 4.7.2 Formation of at Least Two Volcanic Arcs (805-745 Ma) -- 4.7.3 Volcanic Arc-Volcanic Arc Collision Stage (632-620 Ma) -- 4.7.4 Najd Fault System and Exhumation in Oblique Compression Tectonics (630-610 Ma) -- 4.7.5 Back-Arc Stage (620-593 Ma) -- 4.8 Conclusions -- References -- 5 The Infracrustal Rocks in the Egyptian Nubian Shield: An Overview and Synthesis -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Types of Gneisses in the ENS -- 5.2.1 Infrastructure Gneisses -- 5.2.2 Remobilized Infracrustal Gneisses -- 5.3 Geochronological Data of the Gneisses in the ENS -- 5.4 Rock Types of Gneiss Complex in the ENS -- 5.4.1 Gneisses -- 5.4.2 Migmatites -- 5.4.3 Amphibolites -- 5.4.4 The Deformed Granitoids -- 5.4.5 Medium-Grade Schists -- 5.5 Gneisses Occurrences in the ENS -- 5.5.1 The Northern Eastern Desert -- 5.5.1.1 Barud Gneisses -- 5.5.1.2 Um Tenassib Gneisses -- 5.5.1.3 Abu Zawal Gneisses -- 5.5.2 The Central Eastern Desert -- 5.5.2.1 Migif-Hafafit Gneisses -- 5.5.2.2 Meatiq Gneiss Complex -- 5.5.2.3 Sibai Gneiss Complex -- 5.5.2.4 Shalul Granitic Gneisse -- 5.5.2.5 Um Had Gneisses -- 5.5.2.6 Shaitain Gneissose Granites -- 5.5.2.7 Gabal Zabara Gneisses -- 5.5.2.8 El-Umra Gneissose Granite -- 5.5.3 Southern Eastern Desert (SED) -- 5.5.3.1 Um Gunud Gneisses -- 5.5.3.2 Beitan Gneisses -- 5.5.3.3 Khuda Gneisses -- 5.5.3.4 El-Hudi Gneisses -- 5.5.3.5 Wadi Haimur-Abu Swayel Gneiss -- 5.5.3.6 Abu Fas Gneisses -- 5.5.3.7 Abu Rusheid-Sikait Gneissose Granite -- 5.5.3.8 Hamisana Giesses (Gabal Himitrah and Gabal Duwaj) -- 5.5.4 Sinai Peninsula -- 5.5.4.1 Feiran-Solaf Gneisses -- 5.5.4.2 Taba Orthogneiss -- 5.5.4.3 Elat Granitic Gneiss -- 5.5.4.4 Fjord Orthogneiss -- 5.5.4.5 Wadi Watir Orthogneiss. , 5.5.4.6 The Qenaia Gneisses: Wadi Kid Area -- 5.6 The Core Complexes in the Egyptian Nubian Shield -- References -- 6 The Ophiolite-Dominated Suprastructure, Eastern Desert, Egypt -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Geological Setting -- 6.2.1 Ophiolite Assemblage -- 6.2.1.1 Ophiolites of the Central Eastern Desert -- Intact MORB Ophiolites -- Dismembered Ophiolites -- Arc-Associated Ophiolites -- 6.2.1.2 Ophiolites of the Souther Eastern Desert -- 6.2.2 The Island Arc Assemblages -- 6.2.2.1 Metamorphosed Oceanic Volcanic Island Arc Assemblage: -- Metamorphosed Metavolcanics -- Volcaniclastic Metasediments (Mélange Matrix) -- 6.2.2.2 Bimodal Metavolcanic Island Arc Assemblage -- Bimodal Metavolcanics -- Bimodal Arc-Related Metasediments and Hosted BIF and Sulfides -- 6.2.3 Ophiolitic Mélange -- 6.2.4 The Atud Conglomerate -- 6.3 Deformation and Metamorphism -- 6.4 Geochemistry -- 6.4.1 Ophiolite Geochemistry -- 6.4.1.1 Ophiolitic Metavolcanics and Metagabbros -- 6.4.1.2 Geochemistry of Serpentinized Peridotites -- 6.4.2 Geochemistry of Island Arc Assemblages -- 6.4.2.1 The Intra-Oceanic Island Arcs -- 6.4.2.2 Bimodal Metavolcanics -- 6.4.2.3 Geochemistry of Volcaniclastic Metasediments -- 6.5 Radiometric Dating -- 6.6 Tectonic Setting and Crustal Evolution -- 6.7 Summary and Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Ediacaran Post-collisional Volcanosedimentary Successions in Egypt -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Dokhan Volcanics -- 7.2.1 Composition and Origin of the Dokhan Volcanics -- 7.2.2 Relevant Textures of the Dokhan Volcanics -- 7.2.3 Geochronology of the Dokhan Volcanics -- 7.3 Hammamat Sedimentary Rocks (Group) -- 7.3.1 Composition of Hammamat Sedimentary Rocks -- 7.3.2 Tectonic Setting and Evolution of the Hammamat Sedimentary Rocks -- 7.3.3 Geochronology of the Hammamat Sedimentary Rocks. , 7.4 Examples of the Ediacaran Volcanosedimentary Successions in the Eastern Desert -- 7.4.1 The Ras Gharib Segment -- 7.4.2 Gabal El Urf Area -- 7.4.2.1 Lithostratigraphy and Environments -- 7.4.2.2 Evolution of the GUS Basin -- 7.4.3 Gabal Abu Had Area -- 7.4.3.1 Lithostratigraphy and Environments -- 7.4.3.2 Evolution of the GHS Basin -- 7.4.4 The Hamid Area -- 7.4.4.1 Lithostratigraphy and Environments -- 7.4.4.2 Evolution of the HVSS Basin -- 7.5 Examples of the Ediacaran Volcanosedimentary Successions in Southern Sinai -- 7.5.1 The Ferani and Rutig Areas -- 7.5.1.1 Lithostratigraphy and Environments -- 7.5.1.2 Basin Evolution and Correlation -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Neoproterozoic Ophiolitic and Arc Metavolcanics of the Egyptian Nubian Shield -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.1.1 Dokhan Volcanics -- 8.2 Geologic Overview of the Neoproterozic Metavolcanics of the Egyptian Nubian Shield -- 8.2.1 Metavolcanics in Southern Sinai -- 8.2.2 Metavolcanics in North Eastern Desert -- 8.2.3 Metavolcanics in the Central Eastern Desert -- 8.2.4 Metavolcanics in the South Eastern Desert -- 8.3 Petrographic Features -- 8.3.1 Ophiolitic Metavolcanics -- 8.3.2 Arc Metavolcanics -- 8.4 Geochemical Characteristics -- 8.4.1 Ophiolitic Metavolcanics -- 8.4.2 Arc Metavolcanics -- 8.5 REEs Geochemistry -- 8.6 Discussions -- 8.6.1 Geochemical Implications -- 8.6.2 Metamorphism -- 8.6.3 Age-Dating -- 8.6.3.1 Ophiolitic (old) Metavolcanics -- 8.6.3.2 Arc (young) Metavolcanics -- 8.7 Concluding Remarks -- 8.8 Some Recommendations for Future Research Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 The Egyptian Granitoids: an up-to-date Synopsis -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Previous Schemes for the Classification of Egyptian Granites -- 9.2.1 Classification Based on Relative Age, Composition and Dominant Colours. , 9.2.2 Classification Based on Origin and Tectonic Setting.