Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Nanosponges for Carbon Dioxide Sequestration -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 General Overview -- 1.1.2 Technologies to Capture CO2 -- 1.1.3 Functionalization -- 1.2 Characterization Techniques -- 1.2.1 N2 Adsorption/Desorption Isotherms at −196.15 °C -- 1.2.2 Transmission Electronic Microscopy -- 1.2.3 X Ray Diffraction -- 1.2.4 Elemental and Thermogravimetric Analysis -- 1.2.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance -- 1.2.6 Infrared Spectroscopy -- 1.2.7 Calorimetry -- 1.3 Amine-Functionalized Adsorbents -- 1.3.1 Amine Functionalized Zeolites -- 1.3.2 Amine Functionalized Activated Carbons -- 1.3.3 Amine Functionalized Metal Organic Frameworks -- 1.3.4 Amine-Functionalized Polymers -- 1.3.5 Amine-Functionalized Pore Expanded Silicas and Silica Nanosponges -- 1.3.6 Amine-Functionalized Modified Clays -- 1.4 Final Remarks -- References -- Chapter 2: Absorbents, Media, and Reagents for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Utilization -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Absorbents for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Subsequent Utilization -- 2.2.1 Amine Solution -- 2.2.2 Metal Hydroxide Solution -- 2.2.3 Ionic Liquid -- 2.2.4 Weak Base -- 2.2.5 Amino Acid Salt -- 2.2.6 Other Types of Absorbent -- 2.2.7 Overview -- 2.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Metal Oxides for Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Adsorption Technology for Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 3.3 High Temperature Solid Looping -- 3.3.1 Chemical Looping -- 3.4 Magnesium Oxide Based Adsorbents -- 3.4.1 Adsorption Mechanism -- 3.4.2 Performance Enhancement Strategies -- 3.5 Layered Double Oxides -- 3.5.1 Methodologies for Improving Capture Characteristics -- 3.6 Calcium Oxide Based Adsorbents -- 3.6.1 Strategies for Sustainable Reactivity -- 3.7 Metal Oxides for Oxygen Transfer in Chemical Looping Technology -- 3.8 Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 4: Hybrid Membranes for Carbon Capture -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Background -- 4.3 Mixed Matrix Membranes -- 4.3.1 Zeolites -- 4.3.2 Silica -- 4.3.3 Carbon Nano Tube -- 4.3.4 Carbon Molecular Sieve -- 4.3.5 Metal Organic Framework -- 4.3.6 Graphene -- 4.4 Preparation of Mixed Matrix Membranes -- 4.5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 5: Ionic Liquids for Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Thermophysical Properties of Ionic Liquids -- 5.2.1 Viscosity -- 5.2.2 Thermal Stability -- 5.2.3 Biodegradability -- 5.3 Pure Ionic Liquids for CO2 Capture -- 5.3.1 Conventional Ionic Liquids -- 5.3.2 Task-Specific Ionic Liquids -- 5.3.3 Polymerized Ionic Liquids in CO2 Capture -- 5.4 CO2 Capture with Ionic Liquids Functionalized Solvents -- 5.4.1 Functionalizing the Anion of Ionic Liquid with Alkaline Group-NH2 -- 5.4.2 Attach the Anion of Ionic Liquid with Functional Group -- 5.5 CO2 Adsorption -- 5.5.1 Conventional Adsorbents -- 5.5.2 Solid Ionic Liquids -- 5.5.3 Supported Ionic Liquids onto a Solid Porous Material -- References -- Chapter 6: Carbon Sequestration in Alkaline Soils -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Management of Alkaline Soils -- 6.3 Carbon Stocks in Alkaline Soils -- 6.4 Factor Affecting Soil Carbon Degradation and Decomposition -- 6.5 Carbon Sequestration -- 6.6 Strategies for Carbon Sequestration in Alkaline Soils -- 6.6.1 Application of Amendments Containing Divalent Metals -- 6.6.2 Conservation Farming -- 6.6.3 Cover Crops -- 6.6.4 Manures and Composts -- 6.6.5 Crop Rotation/Selection -- 6.6.6 Biochar Intervention -- 6.6.7 Controlling Soil Erosion -- 6.6.8 Crop Residue Management -- 6.7 Conclusion and Future Research Opportunities -- References -- Chapter 7: Metal-Organic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Literature Survey -- 7.2.1 Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage. , 7.2.1.1 Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 7.2.1.2 Carbon Dioxide Transport and Storage -- 7.3 Current Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies -- 7.3.1 Absorption- Amine Based Scrubbing -- 7.3.2 Absorption: Aqueous Ammonium Absorption -- 7.3.3 Surface Adsorption -- 7.4 Introduction to Metal-Organic Frameworks -- 7.4.1 Structure of Metal Organic Frameworks -- 7.4.2 MOF Properties and Applications -- 7.4.3 Zinc Based Metal Organic Frameworks (ZIFs) -- 7.5 Carbon Capture Using Metal Organic Frameworks -- 7.5.1 Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide on a Zirconium Based Metal Organic Framework (MOF) -- 7.5.1.1 Synthesis of Zirconium Based MOF (Zr-MOF) -- 7.5.1.2 Characterization of Prepared MOF -- 7.5.1.3 Results and Discussions -- 7.5.2 Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide on a Porous Carbon Material Derived from Zinc Based MOF -- 7.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Ionic Liquids for Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Ionic Liquids -- 8.3 Characteristics of Ionic Liquids -- 8.3.1 Melting Point -- 8.3.2 Critical Properties -- 8.3.3 Vapor Pressure -- 8.3.4 Thermal Stability -- 8.3.5 Density -- 8.3.6 Viscosity -- 8.3.7 Biodegradability -- 8.3.8 Solubility -- 8.3.9 Selectivity -- 8.3.10 Conductivity -- 8.4 Improving Ionic Liquids Performance -- 8.5 Previous Research -- 8.6 Important Factors for Choosing Suitable Ionic Liquid for Carbon Dioxide Capturing -- 8.7 Economic View -- 8.8 Challenge -- 8.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Methods for the Recovery of CO2 from Chemical Solvents -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Chemical and Physical Absorption -- 9.3 Characteristics of Chemical Solvents -- 9.3.1 Alkanolamines -- 9.3.2 Blend of Alkanolamines -- 9.3.3 Sterically Hindered Amines -- 9.3.4 Novel Amine-Based Solvents -- 9.3.5 Potassium Carbonate -- 9.3.6 Alkali Metal Hydroxide Solution -- 9.3.7 Ammonia Aqueous Solution -- 9.4 Methods of CO2 Recovery. , 9.4.1 Absorption/Desorption Process Through Packed Columns -- 9.4.2 Membrane Method -- 9.4.2.1 Polymeric Based Membranes -- 9.4.2.2 Ceramic and Metallic Membranes -- 9.4.2.3 Microporous Solid Membranes -- 9.4.3 Superiority of Membrane Method over Absorption/Desorption through Packed Columns Method -- 9.4.4 Membrane Flash Process -- 9.4.5 Eelectro Dialysis Membrane Process -- 9.4.6 Electrolysis Membrane Process -- 9.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Cryogenic CO2 Capture -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Pre-combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 10.3 Oxy-Fuel Combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 10.4 Post Combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 10.5 Low Temperature Carbon Dioxide Capture Strategies -- 10.5.1 Cryogenic Distillation CO2 Capture -- 10.5.2 External Cooling Loop Cryogenic Carbon Dioxide Capture -- 10.5.3 Cryogenic Packed Bed -- 10.5.4 CO2 Cryogenic De-sublimation -- 10.5.5 Stirling Cooler Strategy -- 10.5.6 CryoCell System -- 10.5.7 Controlled Frosting Zone -- 10.6 Hybrid Methods for CO2 Capture -- 10.6.1 Cryogenic-Hydrate Technologies -- 10.6.2 Cryogenic -Membrane Technologies -- 10.6.3 Low Temperature Absorption Technologies -- 10.7 Advantages and Limitations of CO2 Capture Methods Based on Cryogenic Process -- 10.8 Conclusions -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction to Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Carbon Dioxide -- 1.3 Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage Technology -- 1.3.1 Capturing and Separation -- 1.3.2 Transport -- 1.3.3 Injection and Storage -- 1.3.3.1 Integrity Issues -- 1.3.4 Monitoring -- 1.4 Technological and Scientific Concerns -- 1.5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 2: Sources of Carbon Dioxide and Environmental Issues -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Source of Carbon Dioxide -- 2.2.1 Anthropogenic Activities -- 2.2.1.1 Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Fossil Fuels´ Combustion -- 2.2.1.2 Trends in emissions -- 2.2.1.3 Industrial Emissions -- 2.2.1.4 Overpopulation and Carbon Dioxide Emissions -- 2.2.1.5 Agriculture Sector -- 2.2.2 Natural Sources of Carbon Dioxide -- 2.2.2.1 Forest Fires -- 2.2.2.2 Volcanic eruption -- 2.3 Environmental Issues Related to Carbon Dioxide Emissions -- 2.3.1 Cyclones and Hurricanes -- 2.3.2 Droughts -- 2.3.3 Heat Waves -- 2.3.4 Food System and Food Security -- 2.3.5 Glaciers Melting -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Supply Chain: Analysis, Modeling and Optimization -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Status of Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Supply Chain -- 3.3 Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Technology Overview -- 3.3.1 CO2 Capture Options -- 3.3.1.1 Absorption Technology -- 3.3.1.2 Adsorption Technology -- 3.3.1.3 Membrane Technology -- 3.3.1.4 Chemical Looping Combustion -- 3.3.1.5 Cryogenic Technology -- 3.3.1.6 Hybrid Technology -- 3.3.2 CO2 Utilization Options -- 3.3.3 CO2 Storage Options -- 3.4 Design and Optimization of Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Supply Chain -- 3.4.1 Methodology for the Design -- 3.4.2 Development of Optimization Tool -- 3.5 Cost Analysis. , 3.6 Literature Work About Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Supply Chain -- 3.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Natural Carbon Sequestration by Forestry -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Influence of the Environment and Climate Variables in the Global Carbon Cycle -- 4.2.1 Nitrogen Fertilisation -- 4.2.2 Temperature and Soil Water Availability -- 4.2.3 Radiation -- 4.2.4 Climate Extremes and Disturbance -- 4.3 Forests Global Carbon Sink -- References -- Chapter 5: Carbon Sequestration via Biomineralization: Processes, Applications and Future Directions -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Biomineralization Processes and Mechanisms -- 5.2.1 Microbially-Mediated Biomineralization -- 5.2.2 Plant-Mediated Biomineralization -- 5.3 Carbon Dioxide Sequestration -- 5.3.1 Microbially-Mediated Biomineralization -- 5.3.2 Plant-Mediated Biomineralization -- 5.3.2.1 The Case of the Iroko Tree -- 5.3.2.2 The Case of Australian Acacia Species -- 5.3.2.3 Carbon Occlusion in Biominerals -- 5.4 Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions -- 5.5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: A Review of Coupled Geo-Chemo-Mechanical Impacts of CO2-Shale Interaction on Enhanced Shale Gas Recovery -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Properties of Shale and CO2 -- 6.2.1 Shale -- 6.2.2 CO2/Supercritical CO2 -- 6.3 Interaction of CO2 and Shale -- 6.3.1 Interaction of Shale with Anhydrous CO2 -- 6.3.2 CO2-Water-Rock Geochemical Reactions in Shale -- 6.3.3 CO2 Adsorption Induced Swelling in Shale -- 6.4 Effect of CO2-Shale Interaction on Rock Properties -- 6.4.1 Porosity and Permeability -- 6.4.2 Mechanical Properties -- 6.4.3 Adsorption Properties -- 6.5 Effect of CO2-Shale Interaction on Groundwater Quality -- 6.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Plantation Methods and Restoration Techniques for Enhanced Blue Carbon Sequestration by Mangroves -- 7.1 Introduction. , 7.2 Blue Carbon Sequestration -- 7.2.1 Carbon Balance in a Mangrove Ecosystem -- 7.3 Plantation Techniques for Mangroves -- 7.3.1 Establishment of Mangrove Nursery -- 7.3.2 Transplantation of Nursery Grown Seedlings -- 7.3.3 Direct Seeding Method -- 7.3.4 Drain and Trench Method -- 7.3.5 Fish Bone Canal System -- 7.4 Post Plantation Management -- 7.5 Community Participation in Mangrove Plantation -- 7.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Biowaste for Carbon Sequestration -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Sources of Biowastes -- 8.3 Environmental Impact of Biowastes -- 8.4 Application of Biowastes for Carbon Sequestration -- 8.4.1 Composting Technology -- 8.4.2 As a Fertilizer/Organic Farming -- 8.4.3 Energy -- 8.4.4 Biochar Technology -- 8.5 Future Research Directions -- 8.6 Conclusion -- References -- Index.