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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Some implications of the new speed–volume curves to highway user cost and sizing of roads
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1986
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 1986-04-01), p. 241-248
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 1986-04-01), p. 241-248
    Abstract: This paper investigates some implications of the speed–volume relationships for two-lane rural highways as proposed in the new edition of the U.S. Highway Capacity Manual, which is expected to be completed soon. The effect of the new speed–volume curves on road user costs is analysed by considering the case of Alberta Transportation. The analysis carried out in this paper indicates that the new speed–volume curves, when employed with the traditional values of other variables, such as vehicle running costs and value of travel time, produce cost–volume relationships that might appear unacceptable from both the highway agencies' and the road users' perspective. To overcome such a limitation it is suggested that a cost of comfort and convenience should be computed and added to the user cost.Basing their proposal on a survey of Alberta households and the actual practice of road sizing by Alberta Transportation, the authors present a generalized mathematical model to estimate the cost of comfort and convenience. The structure of the model and its independent variables include the considerations of (a) the relative importance of driving comfort as perceived by road users, (b) the unsatisfied demand (overtaking demand minus actual overtaking) curve, (c) the type of road use, (d) volume-to-capacity ratio, (e) desired highway speed, and (f) vehicle classification. The paper discusses and demonstrates how this model can be calibrated and used for economic analysis for designing and upgrading of rural highways. Key words: transportation, highway economic analysis, road user costs, cost of comfort, speed–volume curves, highway design.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l86-032
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    The driver population factor and its influence on highway cost–volume curves
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1987
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 1987-08-01), p. 584-587
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 1987-08-01), p. 584-587
    Abstract: The Highway Capacity Manual is a publication widely used throughout the world as a guide to highway capacity and level of service analysis. The third and the latest edition of the Manual, a 1985 publication of the United States Transportation Research Board, has introduced, among many other changes, an adjustment factor called f p to reflect the influence of driver population on the highway capacity analysis for freeways and multilane highways. This note reviews and elaborates on the driver population factor. As a prerequisite to an appropriate application of the factor f p , this note refers to a systematic and objective method that can be used for classification of highways according to driver population characteristics. By taking an example of the road classes in Alberta, the note suggests a set of f p values that can be used as a guide to exercise an engineering judgement in selecting a specific f p value for a particular type of traffic stream. Also included in this note is a brief economic analysis carried out with an objective of determining the importance and sensitivity of the factor f p in transportation analysis. Key words: cost–volume curves, driver population factor, economic analysis, highway capacity, road classification, traffic stream characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l87-084
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of IRD-WIM-5000 — a Canadian weigh-in-motion system
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1990
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 1990-08-01), p. 514-520
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 1990-08-01), p. 514-520
    Abstract: The analysis presented in this paper deals with the accuracy of a weigh-in-motion (WIM) system installed on Trans-Canada Highway west of Regina. Spot speed data collected by the WIM system are compared with the measurements taken by a radar meter; the WIM data on axle spacing are compared with data obtained by manual measurements; and the dynamic weight data gathered by the WIM system are evaluated against static weights. The following conclusions can be made from this study: The WIM system under investigation provides accurate data for spot speed and axle spacing. The study data for 88 trucks indicate that the dynamic weights recorded by the WIM system may contain high magnitudes of both systematic and random errors. However, the results of analysis presented indicate that a proper calibration of the system can reduce the systematic errors to a large extent and produce results that may be satisfactory for a number of highway planning and design functions. Key words: axle spacing, dynamic weight, highways, static weight, traffic studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l90-059
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1990
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  • 4
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    Classification of Saskatchewan highways according to type of road use: testing of a model
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1986
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 1986-02-01), p. 53-58
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 1986-02-01), p. 53-58
    Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to test a recently proposed model of road classification for use by provincial highway agencies. The proposed model to be tested is intended to classify roads according to temporal volume variations, road use characteristics, such as trip purpose, and trip length distribution. The proposed model, which was developed by using Alberta highways data, is applied to Saskatchewan highways to evaluate its classification results. For the purpose of this study, a total of 31 permanent automatic traffic recorder sites in Saskatchewan is investigated. The application of the model to Saskatchewan highways results in six main groups according to the trip purpose and trip length distribution characteristics. The paper defines and discusses these classes in detail and compares them with the existing classification of Saskatchewan highways. The model produces similar road classes for Alberta and Saskatchewan highways. The similarity of road classes for the two provinces has implications for a standard classification of provincial highways. Key words: highway classification, road use, traffic, transportation, traffic volume patterns.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l86-008
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Impact of land use changes on transportation networks
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1976
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 1976-09-01), p. 372-378
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 1976-09-01), p. 372-378
    Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to simulate and predict the changes caused in the existing commuter travel pattern by new land development schemes within the framework of a specific community. Particularly, this study is concerned with developing a residential location distribution model with special emphasis on the effect of socioeconomic factors of commuters on the travel time parameter of the model. The findings of the study may be helpful to the siting of new land development activities in the existing infrastructure of an urban system.The study utilizes socioeconomically stratified samples of workers from Fort Garry Industrial Park and Canadian National Railway Yard. Both of these employment centers are located in the Greater Winnipeg Area.The parameters of the model developed here clearly indicate that the workers of a low socioeconomic group generally have more tendency to live close to the place of employment as compared to a high socioeconomic group. The low group may choose to live close to the place of employment depending on neighbourhood affiliation, land use infrastructure, type of housing, transit availability, or merely because the part of the income spent on commuting seems disproportionately large.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l76-037
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1976
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    A case study of Champlain toll station
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1987
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 1987-12-01), p. 732-738
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 1987-12-01), p. 732-738
    Abstract: The objective of this paper is to study the impacts and quantify the various losses due to the presence of toll stations. For this purpose a survey was conducted on the Champlain toll bridge which connects Montreal Island and the suburban South Shore area. The presence of toll stations imposes restrictions on the free movement of traffic and leads to speed-change cycles, idling, queuing, and excess travel time with direct increase in user costs. The impact of the geometric design of the toll station is also studied with respect to the various losses.The quantification of the various losses is achieved by using queuing theory and simple mathematical relations. The losses are to be considered for two very important reasons; first the losses are incurred by the commuters and second the additional user cost sometimes exceeds the actual toll fee. The results of this study indicates that substantial energy savings could be achieved along with better environmental conditions by either eliminating existing tolls or improving (redesigning) them. In constructing new transportation structures where above losses are likely to occur, the additional user cost due to the losses should be taken into consideration during economic analysis. Key words: fuel consumption, fuel emission, geometric design, idling, queuing, toll station, toll fee, travel time, user cost.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l87-111
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improved classification of Canadian primary highways according to type of road use
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1983
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 1983-09-01), p. 497-509
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 1983-09-01), p. 497-509
    Abstract: An improved method of road classification is suggested for use by provincial or state highway agencies. The proposed classification is based on temporal volume variations and road use characteristics, such as trip purpose, and trip length distribution. The primary highway system of the province of Alberta, Canada, is investigated for the purpose of this study.The proposed method is more objective, comprehensive, and statistically credible than the existing methods. It involves the application of such standard computational and statistical techniques as (i) hierarchical grouping, and (ii) Scheffe's S-method of multiple group comparisons. The analysis presented in this paper is expected to provide highway agencies with a better understanding of individual routes in their road network systems. The proposed method has implications for a standard classification of roads on a provincial and national basis. Such a classification can hopefully lead to an overall consistency in planning and design of roads for both economic and safety purposes. Keywords: roads; road classification; road use; temporal volume variations; traffic counters; traffic volume; trip purpose; transportation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l83-077
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1983
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The precision of average annual daily traffic volume estimates from seasonal traffic counts: Alberta example
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1996
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 1996-02-01), p. 302-304
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 1996-02-01), p. 302-304
    Abstract: Investigated in this note is the precision of average annual daily traffic (AADT) volumes estimated from seasonal traffic counts (STC). A large number of road sites located on Alberta's rural highway system were studied. Three frequencies for seasonal traffic counts were considered. They were rotations where the automated traffic recording devices would be active for 2, 3, or 4 selected noncontinuous months of the year. The AADT volume error margins or precision at a 95% confidence level as found in this study are (i) ± 8.00% for 2 noncontinuous month counts during a year, (ii) ± 5.60% for 3 noncontinuous month counts during a year (1993 Alberta program), and (iii) ± 3.61% for 4 noncontinuous month counts during a year. The research can help traffic engineers in carrying out a cost-effectiveness analysis of STC programs, and the precision values such as presented in this research can play an important role in considering a trade-off between the cost and the accuracy of various counts. Key words: AADT, sampling errors, seasonal traffic counts, transportation, traffic volume studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l96-032
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1996
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Bioreactor studies on the endophytic fungus Entrophospora infrequens for the production of an anticancer alkaloid camptothecin
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2006
    In:  Canadian Journal of Microbiology Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2006-03-01), p. 189-196
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Microbiology, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2006-03-01), p. 189-196
    Abstract: Twigs (young and old) from Nothapodytes foetida growing in the Jammu and Mahabaleshwar regions in India were used for the isolation of 52 strains of endophytic fungi and were tested for their ability to produce the anticancer alkaloid camptothecin. One of the isolates from the inner bark tissue of the N. foetida plant growing in the Jammu region of J & K state, India, was found to produce detectable quantities of camptothecin and its derivatives when grown in a semi-synthetic liquid medium. Camptothecin was identified by physicochemical analysis and further confirmed by spectroscopic studies. No camptothecin was detected in zero time cultures or in uninoculated culture broth. The maximum yield of camptothecin was 0.575 ± 0.031 mg/100 g of dry cell mass in 96 h in shake flasks, whereas 4.96 ± 0.73 mg/100 g of dry mass was recorded in 48 h in a bioreactor.Key words: endophytes, camptothecin, anticancer drug, Nothapodytes foetida, Entrophospora infrequens, bioreactor, scale-up.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-4166 , 1480-3275
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/w05-122
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: French
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 280534-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481972-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Estimation of design hourly volume from seasonal traffic counts
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 1987
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 1987-12-01), p. 728-731
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 1987-12-01), p. 728-731
    Abstract: By considering the thirtieth highest hourly volume (30HV) as the design hour volume, this study reexamines a commonly used method of predicting the 30HV as a function of the annual average daily traffice (AADT) volume. Based on Alberta's highway system data, some common limitations of the traditional 30HV–AADT model are pointed out. Also included in the analysis presented is a proposed alternative model which utilizes July/August traffic data to estimate the design hour volume. The alternative model appears to provide more accurate prediction results and it also eliminates the need of subjectively classifying the roads into various groups as required by the 30HV–AADT method. Key words: annual average daily traffice, design hour volume, highway design, road classification, traffic volume counts, transportation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/l87-110
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 1987
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